Iridoschisis misdiagnosed as acute angle-closure glaucoma:a case report and literature review

We present the case of a patient with iridoschisis complicated with cataract,peripheral anterior synechiae(PAS),secondary glaucoma,and corneal endothelial damage.The patient was initially misdiagnosed with acute angle-closure glaucoma.Iridoschisis is a rare condition characterized by the splitting of the iris into two layers:the anterior layer breaks down into fibers,floating freely in the anterior chamber with a“shredded wheat”appearance.

Impact of Atrial Septal Defect Closure on Mortality in Older Patients

Background:Atrial septal defect(ASD)is a common form of adult congenital heart disease that can lead to long-term adverse outcomes if left untreated.Early closure of ASD has been associated with excellent outcomes and lower complication rates.However,there is limited evidence regarding the prognosis of ASD closure in older adults.This study aims to evaluate the mortality rates in older ASD patients with and without closure.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients aged 40 years or older with ASD between 2001 and 2017.Patients were followed up to assess all-cause mortality.Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify the predictors of mortality.A p-value of<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The cohort consisted of 450 patients(mean age 56.6±10.4 years,77.3%female),with 66%aged between 40 and 60 years,and 34%over 60 years.Within the cohort,299 underwent ASD closure(201 with transcatheter and 98 with surgical closure).During the median follow-up duration of 7.9 years,51 patients died.The unadjusted cumulative 10-year rate of mortality was 3%in patients with ASD closure,and 28%in patients without ASD closure(log-rank p<0.001).Multivariable analysis revealed that age(hazard ratio[HR]1.04,95%confidence interval[CI]1.006–1.06,p=0.01),NYHA class(HR 2.75,95%CI 1.63–4.62,p<0.001),blood urea nitrogen(BUN)(HR 1.07,95%CI 1.03–1.12,p<0.001),right ventricular systolic pressure(RVSP)(HR 1.07,95%CI 1.003–1.04,p=0.01),and lack of ASD closure(HR 15.12,95%CI 5.63–40.59,p<0.001)were independently associated with mortality.Conclusion:ASD closure demonstrated favorable outcomes in older patients.Age,NYHA class,BUN,RVSP,and lack of ASD closure were identified as independent factors linked to mortality in this population.

Early postoperative complications after transverse colostomy closure,a retrospective study

BACKGROUND Ostomy is a common surgery usually performed to protect patients from clinical symptoms caused by distal anastomotic leakage after colorectal cancer(CRC)surgery and perforation or to relieve intestinal obstruction.AIM To analyze the complications after transverse colostomy closure.METHODS Patients who underwent transverse colostomy closure from Jan 2015 to Jan 2022 were retrospectively enrolled in a single clinical center.The differences between the complication group and the no complication group were compared.Logistic regression analyses were conducted to find independent factors for overall complications or incision infection.RESULTS A total of 102 patients who underwent transverse colostomy closure were enrolled in the current study.Seventy(68.6%)patients underwent transverse colostomy because of CRC related causes.Postoperative complications occurred in 30(29.4%)patients and the most frequent complication occurring after transverse colostomy closure was incision infection(46.7%).The complication group had longer hospital stays(P<0.01).However,no potential risk factors were identified for overall complications and incision infection.CONCLUSION The most frequent complication occurring after transverse colostomy closure surgery in our center was incision infection.The operation time,interval from transverse colostomy to reversal,and method of anastomosis might have no impact on the postoperative complications.Surgeons should pay more attention to aseptic techniques.

Colon perforation with severe peritonitis caused by erotic toy insertion and treated using vacuum-assisted closure:A case report

BACKGROUND Colorectal foreign bodies are commonly encountered during surgery.They are frequently observed in men 20 to 90 years of age and have bimodal age distribution.Surgical management is necessary for cases of rectal perforation.However,surgical site infections are the most common complications after colorectal surgery.CASE SUMMARY We discuss a case of rectal perforation in a patient who presented to our hospital 2 d after its occurrence.The perforation occurred as a result of the patient inserting a sex toy in his rectum.Severe peritonitis was attributable to delayed presentation.CONCLUSION Vacuum-assisted closure was performed to treat the wound,which healed well after therapy.No complications were noted.

Micro-power negative pressure wound technique reduces risk of incision infection following loop ileostomy closure

BACKGROUND Prophylactic loop ileostomy is an effective way to reduce the clinical severity of anastomotic leakage following radical resection of rectal cancer.Incisional surgical site infection(SSI)is a common complication after ileostomy closure.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the micro-power negative pressure wound technique(MPNPWT)in preventing incisional SSI.METHODS This was a prospective,randomized controlled clinical trial conducted at a single center.A total of 101 consecutive patients who underwent ileostomy closure after rectal cancer surgery with a prophylactic ileostomy were enrolled from January 2019 to December 2021.Patients were randomly allocated into an MPNPWT group and a control group.The MPNPWT group underwent intermittent suturing of the surgical incision with 2-0 Prolene and was covered with a micro-power negative pressure dressing.The surgical outcomes were compared between the MPNPWT(n=50)and control(n=51)groups.Risk factors for incisional SSI were identified using logistic regression.RESULTS There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the MPNPWT(n=50)and control groups(n=51).The incisional SSI rate was significantly higher in the control group than in the MPNPWT group(15.7%vs 2.0%,P=0.031).However,MPNPWT did not affect other surgical outcomes,including intra-abdominal complications,operative time,and blood loss.Postoperative hospital stay length and hospitalization costs did not differ significantly between the two groups(P=0.069 and 0.843,respectively).None of the patients experienced adverse effects of MPNPWT,including skin allergy,dermatitis,and pain.MPNPWT also helped heal the infected incision.Our study indicated that MPNPWT was an independent protective factor[odds ratio(OR)=0.005,P=0.025)]and diabetes was a risk factor(OR=26.575,P=0.029)for incisional SSI.CONCLUSION MPNPWT is an effective and safe way to prevent incisional SSI after loop ileostomy closure.

Clinical Value of Echocardiographic Screening and Dynamic Observations for Ductus Arteriosus Closure in Newborns

Objective:To explore and analyze the clinical value of echocardiography screening and dynamic observation for ductus arteriosus closure in newborns.Methods:The study was conducted from August 2022 to December 2023.500 newborns who were admitted to our hospital were selected as research subjects for this study(Kunming Tongren Hospital).All subjects underwent echocardiography to determine the severity of patent ductus arteriosus(PDA).The inner diameter of the pulmonary artery was measured,and the pulmonary artery pressure was estimated through tricuspid regurgitation.If the patient had high pulmonary artery pressure,elective closure surgery was performed.Results:Among the 500 subjects,448 cases of ductus arteriosus closure and 52 cases of PDA were detected by echocardiography,including 23 cases of simple PDA,15 cases with patent foramen ovale,11 cases with atrial septal defect,1 case with muscular ventricular septal defect,1 case with tricuspid valve prolapse,and 1 case with tricuspid valve chordae tendineae rupture.After symptomatic treatment and intervention,their echocardiogram results were reviewed and no abnormalities were found.All measurement results of children with PDA combined with pulmonary hypertension were better than before treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion:Echocardiography is a fast,accurate,and reliable non-invasive imaging examination technology.It can significantly improve congenital heart disease detection rate in infants and young children.Early intervention based on the examination results can dramatically improve the quality of life of infants and young children with PDA.

ALA reverses ABA-induced stomatal closure by modulating PP2AC and SnRK2.6 activity in apple leaves

5-Aminolevulinic acid(ALA),known as a new natural plant growth regulator,can reverse abscisic acid(ABA)-induced stomatal closure.The protein phosphatase 2A(PP2A)played an important role in regulation of stomatal movement by ALA and ABA;however,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.Here,we report that ALA promotes MdPP2A activity and gene expression in the leaf epidermis of apple(Malus×domestica Borkh.),and expression of the catalytic subunit MdPP2AC was most significantly correlated with stomatal aperture.Western blotting showed that ALA enhanced MdPP2AC protein abundance and phosphorylation.Y2H(yeast two hybrid),FLC(firefly luciferase complementation imaging)and BiFC(Bimolecular fluorescence complementation)assays showed that MdPP2AC interacted with several other MdPP2A subunits as well as MdSnRK2.6(Sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2.6),and the latter interaction was further verified by pull-down and MST(microscale thermophoresis)assays.ALA downregulated ABA-induced MdSnRK2.6 gene expression,kinase activity,and protein phosphorylation.In transiently transgenic apple leaves,OE-MdPP2AC promoted stomatal aperture by reducing Ca^(2+)and H_(2)O_(2) levels but increasing flavonol levels in guard cells.Conversely,OE-MdSnRK2.6 induced stomatal closure by increasing Ca^(2+)and H2O2 but reducing flavonols.Partial silencing of these genes had opposite effects on Ca^(2+),H_(2)O_(2),flavonols,and stomatal movement.Application of exogenous ALA stimulated PP2A activity,which promoted SnRK2.6 dephosphorylation and lower kinase activity in wild-type and transgenic apple leaves.We therefore propose that PP2AC,which dephosphorylates SnRK2.6 and represses its enzyme activity,mediates ALA signaling to inhibit ABA-induced stomatal closure in apple leaves.

Loop Closure Detection via Locality Preserving Matching With Global Consensus

A critical component of visual simultaneous localization and mapping is loop closure detection(LCD),an operation judging whether a robot has come to a pre-visited area.Concretely,given a query image(i.e.,the latest view observed by the robot),it proceeds by first exploring images with similar semantic information,followed by solving the relative relationship between candidate pairs in the 3D space.In this work,a novel appearance-based LCD system is proposed.Specifically,candidate frame selection is conducted via the combination of Superfeatures and aggregated selective match kernel(ASMK).We incorporate an incremental strategy into the vanilla ASMK to make it applied in the LCD task.It is demonstrated that this setting is memory-wise efficient and can achieve remarkable performance.To dig up consistent geometry between image pairs during loop closure verification,we propose a simple yet surprisingly effective feature matching algorithm,termed locality preserving matching with global consensus(LPM-GC).The major objective of LPM-GC is to retain the local neighborhood information of true feature correspondences between candidate pairs,where a global constraint is further designed to effectively remove false correspondences in challenging sceneries,e.g.,containing numerous repetitive structures.Meanwhile,we derive a closed-form solution that enables our approach to provide reliable correspondences within only a few milliseconds.The performance of the proposed approach has been experimentally evaluated on ten publicly available and challenging datasets.Results show that our method can achieve better performance over the state-of-the-art in both feature matching and LCD tasks.We have released our code of LPM-GC at https://github.com/jiayi-ma/LPM-GC.

Is fascial closure required for a 12-mm trocar?A comparative study on trocar site hernia with long-term follow up

BACKGROUND Despite the infrequency of trocar site hernias(TSHs),fascial closure continues to be recommended for their prevention when using a≥10-mm trocar.AIM To identify the necessity of fascial closure for a 12-mm nonbladed trocar incision in minimally invasive colorectal surgeries.METHODS Between July 2010 and December 2018,all patients who underwent minimally invasive colorectal surgery at the Minimally Invasive Surgery Unit of Siriraj Hospital were retrospectively reviewed.All patients underwent cross-sectional imaging for TSH assessment.Clinicopathological characteristics were recorded.Incidence rates of TSH and postoperative results were analyzed.RESULTS Of the 254 patients included,70(111 ports)were in the fascial closure(closed)group and 184(279 ports)were in the nonfascial closure(open)group.The median follow up duration was 43 mo.During follow up,three patients in the open group developed TSHs,whereas none in the closed group developed the condition(1.1%vs 0%,P=0.561).All TSHs occurred in the right lower abdomen.Patients whose drains were placed through the same incision had higher rates of TSHs compared with those without the drain.The open group had a significantly shorter operative time and lower blood loss than the closed group.CONCLUSION Routine performance of fascial closure when using a 12-mm nonbladed trocar may not be needed.However,further prospective studies with cross-sectional imaging follow-up and larger sample size are needed to confirm this finding.

基于双路径递归网络与Conv-TasNet的多头注意力机制视听语音分离

目前的视听语音分离模型基本是将视频特征和音频特征进行简单拼接,没有充分考虑各个模态的相互关系,导致视觉信息未被充分利用,分离效果不理想。该文充分考虑视觉特征、音频特征之间的相互联系,采用多头注意力机制,结合卷积时域分离模型(Conv-TasNet)和双路径递归神经网络(DPRNN),提出多头注意力机制时域视听语音分离(MHATD-AVSS)模型。通过音频编码器与视觉编码器获得音频特征与视频的唇部特征,并采用多头注意力机制将音频特征与视觉特征进行跨模态融合,得到融合视听特征,将其经DPRNN分离网络,获得不同说话者的分离语音。利用客观语音质量评估(PESQ)、短时客观可懂度(STOI)及信噪比(SNR)评价指标,在VoxCeleb2数据集进行实验测试。研究表明,当分离两位、3位或4位说话者的混合语音时,该文方法与传统分离网络相比,SDR提高量均在1.87 dB以上,最高可达2.29 dB。由此可见,该文方法能考虑音频信号的相位信息,更好地利用视觉信息与音频信息的相关性,提取更为准确的音视频特性,获得更好的分离效果。

CLOSURE OF ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS OF THE BOUNDED MEAN OSCILLATION IN LOGARITHMIC BLOCH SPACES

For anyα∈R,the logarithmic Bloch space BLαconsists of those functions f which are analytic in the unit disk D with.■In this paper,we characterize the closure of the analytic functions of bounded mean oscillation BMOA in the logarithmic Bloch space BLαfor allα∈R.

Sustainable and responsible mining through sound mine closure

This paper provides an overview of planning requirements,including regulatory,and implementation approaches for achieving ecologically sound reclamation and restoration of mines upon closure in the USA.Mine closure includes mined-out areas,decommissioning of plants and structures,and appropriate monitoring of post-mining land,water,and air resources.Although the discussion provides general guidelines,each mine closure site presents unique challenges.The overall chemical composition of coal and associated strata with mineable coal seams,structural characteristics of the deposit,weather patterns,environmental conditions,processing and scale of mining of the deposit,and public and private infrastructure must be considered.Future land use and water resource requirements are also important considerations.The planning and closure activities must ensure that the resultant site has the appropriate post-mining land and water resources use,and the site does not pose any future environmental and health and safety risks.These requirements suggest that closure activities should be integrated with the mining activity planning process from the start.This paper discusses mine closure issues and describes several practices for a surface coal mine in the Western USA.

Intermediate and Long-Term Follow-Up of Transcatheter Closure of Congenital Coronary Cameral Fistulas in Infants and Children:Experience from a Single Center

Background:Limited data are available regarding intermediate and long-term outcomes of transcatheter closure(TCC)of coronary cameral fistulas(CCFs)in the pediatric patients.Methods:All pediatric patients diagnosed with CCFs who were scheduled to undergo TCC between 2005 and 2019 were retrospectively enrolled in the study.Results:A total of 66 patients(median age:3.93 years,median weight:15 kg)underwent attempted TCC of CCFs.Immediate successful device implantation was achieved in 62 patients,and immediate complete occlusion was achieved in 44 patients(44/62%,71.0%).The closure procedure was waived in 2 patients due to anatomical factors.A total of 6 periprocedural complications occurred in 5 patients,including acute myocardial infarction(n=3),procedure-related death(n=1),device embolization(n=1),and rupture of tricuspid chordae tendineae(n=1).The acute procedural success rate was 89.4%(59/66),while the acute complication rate was 9.1%(6/66).Follow-up data were collected for 58(93.5%)out of 62 patients at a median of 9.3 years(range:3.0–15.7 years).10 adverse events occurred in 9 patients,including 5 follow-up complications(1 aortic valve perforation,1 coronary thrombosis,1 progressive aneurysmal dilation after reintervention,and 2 cases of new-onset tricuspid valve prolapse with significant regurgitation),and 5 closure failure with large residual shunts.The intermediate and long-term adverse event rate was 17.2%(10/58).The anatomical features associated with both acute and follow-up adverse events were large CCFs(p=0.005),and giant coronary artery aneurysms(CAAs)(p=0.029).Conclusions:TCC of CCFs in infants and children appears to be effective and is associated with a relatively low complication rate.Large CCFs and giant CAAs represent a higher risk of both acute and intermediate and long-term adverse events after closure.

A Meta-Analysis: Safety and Efficacy of Phacoemulsification with Goniosynechialysis versus Trabeculectomy for Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma in China

Aim: The aim is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of phacoemulsification with goniosynechialysis versus trabeculectomy in the treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG) systematically. Methods: From January 1, 2000 to August 31, 2022, we searched PubMed, Science Citation Index Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database for pertinent material about the treatment of AACG with various operations. The imported literature was carefully vetted using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, assessed for quality, and the raw data were retrieved and integrated into EndNoteX9. For the meta-analysis, STATA 16.0 and RevMan 5.3 were used as the tools. Results: The meta-analysis includes 20 clinical investigations in all, involving 1463 eyes. The quality of the literature was rated as excellent and the data homogeneity among the studies was excellent based on the various study types that were included in the literature. According to a meta-analysis, phacoemulsification with goniosynechialysis is superior to trabeculectomy for treating acute angle-closure glaucoma because it results in improved postoperative visual acuity, lower intraocular pressure, a broader anterior chamber depth, and fewer complications. Conclusion: If conditions allow, phacoemulsification in conjunction with goniosynechialysis performs better than trabeculectomy in terms of visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber depth, and comorbidities.

A Meta-Analysis: Safety and Efficacy of Phacoemulsification with Goniosynechialysis versus Trabeculectomy for Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma in China

Aim: The aim is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of phacoemulsification with goniosynechialysis versus trabeculectomy in the treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG) systematically. Methods: From January 1, 2000 to August 31, 2022, we searched PubMed, Science Citation Index Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database for pertinent material about the treatment of AACG with various operations. The imported literature was carefully vetted using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, assessed for quality, and the raw data were retrieved and integrated into EndNoteX9. For the meta-analysis, STATA 16.0 and RevMan 5.3 were used as the tools. Results: The meta-analysis includes 20 clinical investigations in all, involving 1463 eyes. The quality of the literature was rated as excellent and the data homogeneity among the studies was excellent based on the various study types that were included in the literature. According to a meta-analysis, phacoemulsification with goniosynechialysis is superior to trabeculectomy for treating acute angle-closure glaucoma because it results in improved postoperative visual acuity, lower intraocular pressure, a broader anterior chamber depth, and fewer complications. Conclusion: If conditions allow, phacoemulsification in conjunction with goniosynechialysis performs better than trabeculectomy in terms of visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber depth, and comorbidities.

Comparison of modified gunsight suture technique and traditional interrupted suture in enterostomy closure

BACKGROUND Prophylactic enterostomy surgery is a common surgical approach used to reduce the risk of anastomotic leakage in patients who have undergone partial intestinal resection due to trauma or tumors.However,the traditional interrupted suturing technique used in enterostomy closure surgery has several issues,including longer surgical incisions and higher incision tension,which can increase the risk of postoperative complications.To address these issues,scholars have proposed the use of a“gunsight suture”technique.This technique involves using a gunsight incision instead of a traditional linear incision,leaving a gap in the center for the drainage of blood and fluid to reduce the risk of infection.Building on this technique,we propose an improved gunsight suture technique.A drainage tube is placed at the lowest point of the incision and close the gap in the center of the gunsight suture,which theoretically facilitates early postoperative mobility and reduces the burden of dressing changes,thereby reducing the risk of postoperative complications.AIM To compare the effectiveness of improved gunsight suture technique with traditional interrupted suture in closing intestinal stomas.METHODS In this study,a retrospective,single-center case analysis was conducted on 270 patients who underwent prophylactic ileostomy closure surgery at the Department of Colorectal Surgery of Qilu Hospital from April 2017 to December 2021.The patients were divided into two groups:135 patients received sutures using the improved gunsight method,while the remaining 135 patients were sutured with the traditional interrupted suture method.We collected data on a variety of parameters,such as operation time,postoperative pain score,body temperature,length of hospital stays,laboratory indicators,incidence of incisional complications,number of wound dressing changes,and hospitalization costs.Non-parametric tests and chi-square tests were utilized for data analysis.RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in general patient information between the two groups,including the interval between the first surgery and the stoma closure[132(105,184)d vs 134(109,181)d,P=0.63],gender ratio(0.64 vs 0.69,P=0.44),age[62(52,68)years vs 60(52,68)years,P=0.33],preoperative body mass index(BMI)[23.83(21.60,25.95)kg/m²vs 23.12(20.94,25.06)kg/m²,P=0.17].The incidence of incision infection in the improved gunsight suture group tended to be lower than that in the traditional interrupted suture group[(n=2/135,1.4%)vs(n=10/135,7.4%),P<0.05],and the postoperative hospital stay in the improved gunsight suture group was significantly shorter than that in the traditional interrupted suture group[5(4,7)d vs 7(6,8)d,P<0.05].Additionally,the surgical cost in the modified gunsight suture group was slightly lower than that in the traditional suture group[4840(4330,5138)yuan vs 4980(4726,5221)yuan,P>0.05],but there was no significant difference in the total hospitalization cost between the two groups.CONCLUSION In stoma closure surgery,the improved gunsight technique can reduce the incision infection rate,shorten the postoperative hospital stay,reduce wound tension,and provide better wound cosmetic effects compared to traditional interrupted suture.

The Effect of Atrial Septal Defect Closure on Cardiac Volumetric Changes in Adults, Transcatheter Versus Surgical Closure, a Pilot Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Study

Background:Closure of an atrial septal defect(ASD)reduces right-side heart volumes by abolishing shunting with simultaneous improvement of the left ventricle(LV)filling and functions due to ventricular interdependence,thereby improving symptoms.Furthermore,studies conducted on atrial volume changes after ASD closure are limited.Cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR)is considered as the gold standard method for measuring cardiac volume and mass.Objective:We aimed to study the effect of transcatheter and surgical closure of secundum ASD on cardiac volumes and systolic functions as well as the fate of tricuspid regurgitation(TR),using CMR analysis.Methods:We prospectively enrolled 30 adult patients with isolated secundum ASD who were referred to ASD closure.CMR evaluation of cardiac chambers indexed volumes,systolic function,myocardial mass index,and tricuspid regurgitant fraction were done at before and 6 months after closure.Results:RV volumes decreased in both groups when compared to baseline(p-value 0.001),the device group had more reduction in volumes and more improvement in RV function after closure(p-value 0.001)when compared to the surgical arm.The changes in the RV mass index were insignificant between both groups(p-value 0.31).Functional TR improved to the same extent in both groups.Left ventricular end diastolic volume index(LVEDVI)and LV mass index increased sig-nificantly in both groups when compared to baseline in both groups but with no difference between groups p-value 0.01),left ventricular end systolic volume index(LVESVI)changes were insignificant.LV systolic function improved in patients who underwent device closure only(63.53±3.85 vs.67.13±4.34,p-value 0.01).There was a significant reduction in right atrial(RA)volumes and an insignificant decrease in left atrial(LA)volumes,with no difference between groups.Conclusion:Transcatheter and surgical secundum ASD closure resulted in volumetric changes in some cardiac chambers with better improvement in bi-ventricular systolic function in the transcatheter arm and no difference in the TR reduction between the two groups at 6 months follow-up by CMR.

Outcomes of Transcatheter Closure in Outlet-Type Ventricular Septal Defect after 1 Year

Background:Ventricular septal defect(VSD)is the most common congenital heart disease.Transcatheter VSD closure is an effective treatment for patients with muscular and perimembranous VSD.However,there is a limit data for outlet VSD,especially impact to the aortic valve leaflet after transcatheter closure.This study aims to assess the outcomes of transcatheter closure of the outlet-type ventricular septal defect(OVSD)after 1 postoperative year.Methods:A retrospective study was performed including 50 patients who underwent transcatheter(n=25)and surgical(n=25)OVSD closure during the exact time frame at two medical centres.Results:The median age and body weight of patients in the transcatheter group were significantly higher than those of patients in the surgical group(7.0 vs.2.8 years;27.0 vs.11.4 kg;p<0.01).The defect size in the surgical group was significantly larger than that in the transcatheter group(5.0 vs.3.0 mm;p<0.01).All OVSD patients have successful transcatheter closure(100%)as effective as surgical closure.Less than small residual shunt was present 20%and 8%immediately after the procedure in the transcatheter and surgical groups(p=0.50),which decreased to 12%and 4%at the 1-year follow-up(p=0.61),respectively.No incidence of complete atrioventricular block and other complications was observed in both groups,and no significant differences were noted in the new onset or worsening of the aortic regurgitation in both groups(p=1.0).Conclusions:Transcatheter treatment could be effectively and safely achieved for OVSD closure at 1-year follow-up.

Effectiveness and Safety of Transcatheter Closure of Various Ventricular Septal Defects Using Second-Generation Amplatzer Duct Occluders

Objective:This study was designed to determine the long-term safety and efficacy of using the Amplatzer Duct Occluder II(ADO II)for the closure of various ventricular septal defects(VSDs).Methods:From January 2011 to December 2019,selected VSD patients were treated through transcatheter intervention using ADO II occluders.The closure results and complications from 188 patients,involving 167 perimembranous ventricular septal defects(pmVSDs),9 intracristal VSDs,11 post surgery residual shunts and 1 post closure residual shunt with the mean outlet diameter3.1±0.8 mm under angiography,were enrolled in this study.Results:The success rate was 98.9%for all procedures.During the median 77-month follow-up period,no cases of complete atrioventricular block(cAVB),infective endocarditis or death occurred.One major adverse event(0.5%)was recorded:cerebrovascular accident occurred 1 day after the procedure in one patient who was transferred to the neurology department.The residual shunt rate was 44.6%,which was the most common minor adverse event.The cardiac conduction block rate was 4.3%.Specifically,one pmVSD patient developed intermittent LBBB during the 28-month follow-up.There were 3 patients(1.6%)with new-onset mild tricuspid insufficiency,and the insufficiency degree was stable during follow-up.There was no new-onset aortic insufficiency that occurred.Conclusions:Transcatheter closure of pmVSDs,some intracristal VSDs,some postsurgery or postclosure residual shunts using ADO II occluders were both safe and effective and yielded excellent long-term results in selected patients.

Progress in the study and treatment of peri-device leak after left atrial appendage closure

For patients with atrial fibrillation with an increased risk of stroke and contraindications to long-term anticoagulation,percutaneous left atrial appendage closure(LAAC)has become an important alternative to long-term oral anticoagulation.Incomplete closure of the LAAC during the procedure leads to faster blood flow in the interstitial space around the device,resulting in peri-device leak(PDL),which is not uncommon.Studies are still inconclusive in determining the incidence,long-term safety,and management of PDL.Therefore,this article reviewed the progress made in the research and treatment of PDL after LAAC.