The increase and spread of bacterial resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics are reported in many infections and are a real public health problem worldwide. Drug pressure is a factor that favors the em...The increase and spread of bacterial resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics are reported in many infections and are a real public health problem worldwide. Drug pressure is a factor that favors the emergence of a population of better adapted bacteria. However, there is no literature highlighting the genetic diversity and evolutionary structure of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in an environment with high selection pressure in Côte d’Ivoire. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains circulating at the HKB Hospital in Abobo and at the Daloa Regional Hospital and its impact on the dissemination of extended spectrum beta-lactam resistance genes. A total of 39 strains isolated from the urinary tract of infected patients, including 30 strains of E. coli and 9 strains of K. pneumoniae were studied. A total of 39 strains isolated from the urinary tract of infected patients, including 30 strains of E. coli and 9 strains of K. pneumoniae were studied. From genomic DNA extracts, ESBL resistance genes were amplified by PCR and sequenced, in addition to genetic typing by ERIC-PCR. The data obtained were submitted to genetic and bioinformatics analyses. The results have shown a genetic diversity important in E. coli and K. pneumoniae with diversity indexs (SID) ranging from 0.5 to 0.77. The genetic structure of the bacterial species studied has shown a clonal distribution of strains with clones expressing TEM-9 and CTX-M-15 variants. Also, this clonal structure was correlated with the spread of resistance genes in E. coli and K. pneumoniae. The spread of resistant clones is a factor that might limit the fight against antibiotic resistance.展开更多
To study the resistant mechanism and clinical significance of pseudomonas aeruginosa toβ- lactam antibiotics,the outer mem brane permeability rate of30 P.aeruginosa strains to5 β- lactam antibiotics was m easured ...To study the resistant mechanism and clinical significance of pseudomonas aeruginosa toβ- lactam antibiotics,the outer mem brane permeability rate of30 P.aeruginosa strains to5 β- lactam antibiotics was m easured and their production ofβ- lactamase and theβ- lactam ase genes they carried detected. Furthermore,the relationship between the perm eability,β- lactam ase and the clinical effects ofβ- lactam antibiotics was observed. By using 1 4C- penicillin and liquid- scintillant isotope assay,the affinity of penicillin binding proteins(PBPs) was m easured and their roles in the resistant m echanism studied.Itwas revealed thatthe perm eability rate was higher in sensitive strains than in resistantones(P<0 .0 5 ) .All strains harbored1- 4 β- lactamase genes and produced β- lactam ase.Higher permeability rate and higher degree of stability toβ- lactamase indicated better clinical therapeutic effects. The affinity of PBPs changed little without regard to the perm eability andβ- lactam ase. These results suggested that the permeability of outer mem brane andβ- lacta- mase,but not PBPs,played im portant roles in the resistant mechanism of P. aeruginosa toβ- lac- tam antibiotics and affected the clinical therapeutic effectiveness of som e patients.展开更多
Objective: Describe resistance to beta lactam antibiotics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in community infection within HIV-1 infected persons. Methods: We have studied prospectively from June 15th to December 31st 2013 int...Objective: Describe resistance to beta lactam antibiotics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in community infection within HIV-1 infected persons. Methods: We have studied prospectively from June 15th to December 31st 2013 inthe Clinic Hotel-Dieu and NGO VISA of Lomé, adult HIV-1 infected patients under anti retroviral therapy combining tenofovir, lamivudine and efavirenz for at least one year. The technique of agar diffusion susceptibility using discs of Ticarcillin + clavulanic acid is used to study the β-lactamase production. The diagnosis of species was performed by the chloroform test and the test for sensitivity to kanamycin and colistin. Results: Thirty five strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained. The T-lymphocytes CD4 mediane was 575 cells/mm3 of blood. Urine represented 15 cases, skin abscesses 11 cases, externa suppurate otitis 7 cases and vaginal swab for 2 cases. The phenotypes were: wild phenotypes 23 cases (65.7%), resistant phenotypes 12 cases. Among resistant phenotypes, 4 were complex phenotype;5 were ESBL phenotypes;2 were hyper productive cephalosporinases phenotypes and 1 was a specific phenotype with impermeability to imipenem. Conclusion: The acquisition of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to beta lactam antibiotics in community infections among HIV-1 infected person incentives controls and promotes the rational use of antibiotics.展开更多
[ Objective] This study aimed to establish a high-sensitivity method for rapid detection of^-lactam antibiotic residue in milk. [Method] Based on bio- layer interferometry technology, ampicillin-BSA conjugate was fixe...[ Objective] This study aimed to establish a high-sensitivity method for rapid detection of^-lactam antibiotic residue in milk. [Method] Based on bio- layer interferometry technology, ampicillin-BSA conjugate was fixed on the bottom of APS fiber optic biosensor probe through hydrophobic interaction and bound to 40 mn colloidal gold-labeled/3-1actam antibiotic receptor, to detect β-lactam antibiotics in milk. [ Result] The sensitivity of colloidal gold-labeled BLI method was twice as high as that of immunechromatographic test strip in detection of β-1actam antibiotic residue in milk. Colloidal gold-labeled BLI method exhibited good speci- ficity and had no cross-reaction with 1 000 ng/ml aflatoxin M1, gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin, tylosin, chloromycetin and melamine. [Condusion] The colloidal gold-labeled BLI method is not suitable for quantitative detection in actual production due to its small quantitative range in detection of β-lactam antibiot- ics, but it is a simple and rapid qualitative detection method that can be used in rapid detection of β-1actam antibiotic residue in milk.展开更多
Diaper dermatit is among the widely seen inflamatory skin diseases in neonatals and small 0 - 18 month old children. Control of causative agents as well as providing good genital care may prevent or reduce the risk of...Diaper dermatit is among the widely seen inflamatory skin diseases in neonatals and small 0 - 18 month old children. Control of causative agents as well as providing good genital care may prevent or reduce the risk of the disease. The aim of this study is find out the effect of protective genital care on reducing the diaper dermatit development in 0 - 18 months old inpatient 0 - 18 month old children who are using antibiotic. The study was conducted as prospective half-experimetal using control-experimental groups. Our samples comprise of 0 - 18 month old children admitted at Dokuz Eylul University Practical and Research Hospital, pediatric clinic between January and May 2009, 41 0 - 18 month old children as a control group were not under protective genital care, and 42 0 - 18 month old children as an experimental group were under the protecion and using vaseline. The mothers of the experimental group 0 - 18 month old children were given education. All 0 - 18 month old children were followed-up 3 - 7 days and the collected data were evaluated in computer using Pearson’s chisquare, Fisher’s exact chi-square and Yatest-corrected chi-square tests. The diaper dermatit develop- ment ratio was 34.1% in the control group and 7.1% in the experimental group展开更多
Anticancer antibiotics have made a successful impact in the field of chemotherapeutics. For most of them, DNA is the molecular target. Some act as DNA intercalators or some prevent DNA repair among other mechanisms of...Anticancer antibiotics have made a successful impact in the field of chemotherapeutics. For most of them, DNA is the molecular target. Some act as DNA intercalators or some prevent DNA repair among other mechanisms of actions, they are seen to have. The major disadvantages of these drugs though are the constant side effects and toxicities. With more focus on discovery of new drugs with newer scaffolds, the urge to discover and modify anticancer antibiotics is being lost. Modifications or even the wider research can yield newer better drugs for clinical use. The review here discusses the current antibiotic therapeutics, newer discoveries in the field as well ideas for future research.展开更多
BACKGROUND Appendicitis, the inflammation of the appendix, is the most common abdominal surgical emergency requiring expedient surgical intervention. Extendedspectrum beta-lactamases(ESBLs) are bacterial enzymes that ...BACKGROUND Appendicitis, the inflammation of the appendix, is the most common abdominal surgical emergency requiring expedient surgical intervention. Extendedspectrum beta-lactamases(ESBLs) are bacterial enzymes that catalyse the degradation of the betalactam ring of penicillins and cephalosporins(but without carbapenemase activity), leading to resistance of these bacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics. Recent increases in incidence of ESBL-producing bacteria have caused alarm worldwide. Proportion estimates of ESBLEnterobacteriaceae hover around 46% in China, 42% in East Africa, 12% in Germany, and 8% in the United States.CASE SUMMARY The impact of ESBL-producing bacteria on appendiceal abscesses and consequent pelvic abscesses are yet to be examined in depth. A literature review using the search words "appendiceal abscesses" and "ESBL Escherichia coli(E. coli)" revealed very few cases involving ESBL E. coli in any capacity in the context of appendiceal abscesses. This report describes the clinical aspects of a patient with appendicitis whodeveloped a postoperative pelvic abscess infected with ESBL-producing E. coli. In this report, we discuss the risk factors for contracting ESBL E. coli infection in appendicitis and post-appendectomy pelvis abscesses. We also discuss our management approach for postappendectomy ESBL E. coli pelvic abscesses, including drainage, pathogen identification, and pathogen characterisation. When ESBL E. coli is confirmed, carbapenem antibiotics should be promptly administered, as was done efficaciously with this patient. Our report is the first one in a developed country involving ESBL E. coli related surgical complications in association with a routine laparoscopic appendectomy.CONCLUSION Our report is the first involving ESBL E. coli and appendiceal abscesses, and that too consequent to laparoscopic appendectomy.展开更多
Introduction: In Burkina Faso, as in most developing countries, limited access to biological tests forces practitioners to resort very often to probabilistic antibiotic therapy. The objective of this study is to deter...Introduction: In Burkina Faso, as in most developing countries, limited access to biological tests forces practitioners to resort very often to probabilistic antibiotic therapy. The objective of this study is to determine the extent of this prescription. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection of patients hospitalized in the infectious diseases department in the period from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2020. The records of patients who received probabilistic antibiotic therapy were included. Results: During the study period, 330 patients had received probabilistic antibiotic therapy. The majority of patients were male (53%), with a sex ratio of 1.12. The mean age of the patients was 33 years ± 14. The age range of 20 to 40 years was the most represented (42%). Fifteen percent (15%) of patients were living with HIV. The majority of patients were from urban areas (56.4%). Forty-nine percent (49%) of the patients worked in the informal sector. Clinically, the reasons for consultation were dominated by fever, alteration of general condition, neurological disorders, digestive disorders, respiratory signs, urinary signs and diffuse pain. The physical examination showed that 48.1% of the patients had meningeal irritation syndrome, 10% had convulsions and 10% had focal signs, trismus was present in 4% of the patients and facial paralysis in 3%. In the digestive system, hepatomegaly was present in 29% of patients and digestive candidiasis in 31%. Respiratory examination showed crepitus and fluid effusion syndrome in 26.83% and 20.62% of patients respectively. The presumptive diagnosis was dominated by bacterial meningitis, salmonellosis and bronchopneumonia with banal germs. In terms of treatment, the beta-lactam family of drugs was the most prescribed. They were followed by aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. The evolution was marked by the death of 50 patients (15%). Conclusion: The most prescribed molecules belong to the family of Beta-lactam. And this prescription improved the outcome of patients. Bacterial susceptibility studies will allow better orientation of probabilistic antibiotic therapy in order to limit the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria.展开更多
文摘The increase and spread of bacterial resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics are reported in many infections and are a real public health problem worldwide. Drug pressure is a factor that favors the emergence of a population of better adapted bacteria. However, there is no literature highlighting the genetic diversity and evolutionary structure of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in an environment with high selection pressure in Côte d’Ivoire. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains circulating at the HKB Hospital in Abobo and at the Daloa Regional Hospital and its impact on the dissemination of extended spectrum beta-lactam resistance genes. A total of 39 strains isolated from the urinary tract of infected patients, including 30 strains of E. coli and 9 strains of K. pneumoniae were studied. A total of 39 strains isolated from the urinary tract of infected patients, including 30 strains of E. coli and 9 strains of K. pneumoniae were studied. From genomic DNA extracts, ESBL resistance genes were amplified by PCR and sequenced, in addition to genetic typing by ERIC-PCR. The data obtained were submitted to genetic and bioinformatics analyses. The results have shown a genetic diversity important in E. coli and K. pneumoniae with diversity indexs (SID) ranging from 0.5 to 0.77. The genetic structure of the bacterial species studied has shown a clonal distribution of strains with clones expressing TEM-9 and CTX-M-15 variants. Also, this clonal structure was correlated with the spread of resistance genes in E. coli and K. pneumoniae. The spread of resistant clones is a factor that might limit the fight against antibiotic resistance.
基金This project was supported by a grant from Natural Sci-ences Foundation of China(No. 395 70 84 6 )
文摘To study the resistant mechanism and clinical significance of pseudomonas aeruginosa toβ- lactam antibiotics,the outer mem brane permeability rate of30 P.aeruginosa strains to5 β- lactam antibiotics was m easured and their production ofβ- lactamase and theβ- lactam ase genes they carried detected. Furthermore,the relationship between the perm eability,β- lactam ase and the clinical effects ofβ- lactam antibiotics was observed. By using 1 4C- penicillin and liquid- scintillant isotope assay,the affinity of penicillin binding proteins(PBPs) was m easured and their roles in the resistant m echanism studied.Itwas revealed thatthe perm eability rate was higher in sensitive strains than in resistantones(P<0 .0 5 ) .All strains harbored1- 4 β- lactamase genes and produced β- lactam ase.Higher permeability rate and higher degree of stability toβ- lactamase indicated better clinical therapeutic effects. The affinity of PBPs changed little without regard to the perm eability andβ- lactam ase. These results suggested that the permeability of outer mem brane andβ- lacta- mase,but not PBPs,played im portant roles in the resistant mechanism of P. aeruginosa toβ- lac- tam antibiotics and affected the clinical therapeutic effectiveness of som e patients.
文摘Objective: Describe resistance to beta lactam antibiotics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in community infection within HIV-1 infected persons. Methods: We have studied prospectively from June 15th to December 31st 2013 inthe Clinic Hotel-Dieu and NGO VISA of Lomé, adult HIV-1 infected patients under anti retroviral therapy combining tenofovir, lamivudine and efavirenz for at least one year. The technique of agar diffusion susceptibility using discs of Ticarcillin + clavulanic acid is used to study the β-lactamase production. The diagnosis of species was performed by the chloroform test and the test for sensitivity to kanamycin and colistin. Results: Thirty five strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained. The T-lymphocytes CD4 mediane was 575 cells/mm3 of blood. Urine represented 15 cases, skin abscesses 11 cases, externa suppurate otitis 7 cases and vaginal swab for 2 cases. The phenotypes were: wild phenotypes 23 cases (65.7%), resistant phenotypes 12 cases. Among resistant phenotypes, 4 were complex phenotype;5 were ESBL phenotypes;2 were hyper productive cephalosporinases phenotypes and 1 was a specific phenotype with impermeability to imipenem. Conclusion: The acquisition of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to beta lactam antibiotics in community infections among HIV-1 infected person incentives controls and promotes the rational use of antibiotics.
基金Supported by International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of China(No.:2011DFA32930)"Twelfth Five-Year"National Science and Technology Support Program of China(No.:2012BAK17B10)
文摘[ Objective] This study aimed to establish a high-sensitivity method for rapid detection of^-lactam antibiotic residue in milk. [Method] Based on bio- layer interferometry technology, ampicillin-BSA conjugate was fixed on the bottom of APS fiber optic biosensor probe through hydrophobic interaction and bound to 40 mn colloidal gold-labeled/3-1actam antibiotic receptor, to detect β-lactam antibiotics in milk. [ Result] The sensitivity of colloidal gold-labeled BLI method was twice as high as that of immunechromatographic test strip in detection of β-1actam antibiotic residue in milk. Colloidal gold-labeled BLI method exhibited good speci- ficity and had no cross-reaction with 1 000 ng/ml aflatoxin M1, gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin, tylosin, chloromycetin and melamine. [Condusion] The colloidal gold-labeled BLI method is not suitable for quantitative detection in actual production due to its small quantitative range in detection of β-lactam antibiot- ics, but it is a simple and rapid qualitative detection method that can be used in rapid detection of β-1actam antibiotic residue in milk.
文摘Diaper dermatit is among the widely seen inflamatory skin diseases in neonatals and small 0 - 18 month old children. Control of causative agents as well as providing good genital care may prevent or reduce the risk of the disease. The aim of this study is find out the effect of protective genital care on reducing the diaper dermatit development in 0 - 18 months old inpatient 0 - 18 month old children who are using antibiotic. The study was conducted as prospective half-experimetal using control-experimental groups. Our samples comprise of 0 - 18 month old children admitted at Dokuz Eylul University Practical and Research Hospital, pediatric clinic between January and May 2009, 41 0 - 18 month old children as a control group were not under protective genital care, and 42 0 - 18 month old children as an experimental group were under the protecion and using vaseline. The mothers of the experimental group 0 - 18 month old children were given education. All 0 - 18 month old children were followed-up 3 - 7 days and the collected data were evaluated in computer using Pearson’s chisquare, Fisher’s exact chi-square and Yatest-corrected chi-square tests. The diaper dermatit develop- ment ratio was 34.1% in the control group and 7.1% in the experimental group
文摘Anticancer antibiotics have made a successful impact in the field of chemotherapeutics. For most of them, DNA is the molecular target. Some act as DNA intercalators or some prevent DNA repair among other mechanisms of actions, they are seen to have. The major disadvantages of these drugs though are the constant side effects and toxicities. With more focus on discovery of new drugs with newer scaffolds, the urge to discover and modify anticancer antibiotics is being lost. Modifications or even the wider research can yield newer better drugs for clinical use. The review here discusses the current antibiotic therapeutics, newer discoveries in the field as well ideas for future research.
文摘BACKGROUND Appendicitis, the inflammation of the appendix, is the most common abdominal surgical emergency requiring expedient surgical intervention. Extendedspectrum beta-lactamases(ESBLs) are bacterial enzymes that catalyse the degradation of the betalactam ring of penicillins and cephalosporins(but without carbapenemase activity), leading to resistance of these bacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics. Recent increases in incidence of ESBL-producing bacteria have caused alarm worldwide. Proportion estimates of ESBLEnterobacteriaceae hover around 46% in China, 42% in East Africa, 12% in Germany, and 8% in the United States.CASE SUMMARY The impact of ESBL-producing bacteria on appendiceal abscesses and consequent pelvic abscesses are yet to be examined in depth. A literature review using the search words "appendiceal abscesses" and "ESBL Escherichia coli(E. coli)" revealed very few cases involving ESBL E. coli in any capacity in the context of appendiceal abscesses. This report describes the clinical aspects of a patient with appendicitis whodeveloped a postoperative pelvic abscess infected with ESBL-producing E. coli. In this report, we discuss the risk factors for contracting ESBL E. coli infection in appendicitis and post-appendectomy pelvis abscesses. We also discuss our management approach for postappendectomy ESBL E. coli pelvic abscesses, including drainage, pathogen identification, and pathogen characterisation. When ESBL E. coli is confirmed, carbapenem antibiotics should be promptly administered, as was done efficaciously with this patient. Our report is the first one in a developed country involving ESBL E. coli related surgical complications in association with a routine laparoscopic appendectomy.CONCLUSION Our report is the first involving ESBL E. coli and appendiceal abscesses, and that too consequent to laparoscopic appendectomy.
文摘Introduction: In Burkina Faso, as in most developing countries, limited access to biological tests forces practitioners to resort very often to probabilistic antibiotic therapy. The objective of this study is to determine the extent of this prescription. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection of patients hospitalized in the infectious diseases department in the period from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2020. The records of patients who received probabilistic antibiotic therapy were included. Results: During the study period, 330 patients had received probabilistic antibiotic therapy. The majority of patients were male (53%), with a sex ratio of 1.12. The mean age of the patients was 33 years ± 14. The age range of 20 to 40 years was the most represented (42%). Fifteen percent (15%) of patients were living with HIV. The majority of patients were from urban areas (56.4%). Forty-nine percent (49%) of the patients worked in the informal sector. Clinically, the reasons for consultation were dominated by fever, alteration of general condition, neurological disorders, digestive disorders, respiratory signs, urinary signs and diffuse pain. The physical examination showed that 48.1% of the patients had meningeal irritation syndrome, 10% had convulsions and 10% had focal signs, trismus was present in 4% of the patients and facial paralysis in 3%. In the digestive system, hepatomegaly was present in 29% of patients and digestive candidiasis in 31%. Respiratory examination showed crepitus and fluid effusion syndrome in 26.83% and 20.62% of patients respectively. The presumptive diagnosis was dominated by bacterial meningitis, salmonellosis and bronchopneumonia with banal germs. In terms of treatment, the beta-lactam family of drugs was the most prescribed. They were followed by aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. The evolution was marked by the death of 50 patients (15%). Conclusion: The most prescribed molecules belong to the family of Beta-lactam. And this prescription improved the outcome of patients. Bacterial susceptibility studies will allow better orientation of probabilistic antibiotic therapy in order to limit the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria.
