The rod-shaped form of crystalline β-FeOOH (akaganeite) was prepared by the template-free hydrothermal method with urea as the homogeneous precipitant. X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscope a...The rod-shaped form of crystalline β-FeOOH (akaganeite) was prepared by the template-free hydrothermal method with urea as the homogeneous precipitant. X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrum were used to characterize the resulting products. The degradation of methyl orange (MO) was studied using the prepared nanostructure materials in a photo-Fenton-like process. MO degradation was effectively achieved by hydroxyl radicals that were generated in the heterogeneous catalysis process. Specific surface area of the prepared β-FeOOH was an important factor affecting the efficiency of MO degradation, which depended on the synthesis conditions such as the reaction temperature, the initial concentration of urea and FeCl3.6H2O as well as the n(urea)/n(Fe3+) ratio. The photodegradation efficiencies slightly decreased with the increase of initial pH in the range of 4.5 - 9.5, which indicated the prepared β-FeOOH catalyst can well overcome the drawback of a narrow pH range of homogeneous Fenton reaction. β-FeOOH catalysts loading and H2O2 concentration also play important effect on the degradation efficiency of MO. The prepared β-FeOOH showed good ability of reuse for multiple trials.展开更多
In recent years,electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption has been extensively investigated for solving EMW radiation and pollution.The metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted attention due to their low density and uni...In recent years,electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption has been extensively investigated for solving EMW radiation and pollution.The metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted attention due to their low density and unique structure,which can meet the requirements of strong reflection loss(RL)and wide absorption bandwidth of EMW absorption materials.In this manuscript,indium nanoparticles/porous carbon(In/C)nanorods composites were prepared via the pyrolysis of nanorods-like In-MOFs at a low temperature of450°C.Indium nanoparticles are evenly attached and embedded on porous carbon.Low electrical conductivity of In/C nanorods is unfavorable to EMW absorption performance,which is due to the low temperature carbonization.Thus,graphene(Gr)nanosheets with high electrical conductivity are introduced to adjust electromagnetic parameters of In/C nanorods for enhancing EMW absorption.The minimum RL of the In/C-Gr-4 composite is up to-43.7 dB with a thin thickness of 1.30 mm.In addition,when the thickness is further reduced to 1.14 mm,the minimum RL of-39.3 dB at 16.1 GHz and effective absorption bandwidth of 3.7 GHz(from 14.3 to 18.0 GHz)can be achieved.This work indicates that In/C-Gr composites show excellent EMW absorption performance.展开更多
Efficiently and thoroughly degrading organic dyes in wastewater is of great importance and challenge.Herein,vertically oriented mesoporous a-Fe_(2)O_(3)nanorods array(a-Fe_(2)O_(3)-NA)is directly grown on fluorine-dop...Efficiently and thoroughly degrading organic dyes in wastewater is of great importance and challenge.Herein,vertically oriented mesoporous a-Fe_(2)O_(3)nanorods array(a-Fe_(2)O_(3)-NA)is directly grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide(FTO)glass and employed as the photoanode for photoelectrocatalytic degradation of methylene blue simulated dye wastewater.The Ovsites on the a-Fe_(2)O_(3)-NA surface are the active sites for methylene blue(MB)adsorption.Electrons transfer from the adsorbed MB to Fe-O is detected.Compared with electrocatalytic and photocatalytic degradation processes,the photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)process exhibited the best degrading performance and the largest kinetic constant.Hydroxyl,superoxide free radicals,and photo-generated holes play a jointly leading role in the PEC degradation.A possible degrading pathway is suggested by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis.This work demonstrates that photoelectrocatalysis by a-Fe_(2)O_(3)-NA has a remarkable superiority over photocatalysis and electrocatalysis in MB degradation.The in-depth investigation of photoelectrocatalytic degradation mechanism in this study is meaningful for organic wastewater treatment.展开更多
As typical quarternary copper-based chalcogenides,Cu–Zn–Sn–S nanocrystals(CZTS NCs)have emerged as a newfashioned electrocatalyst in hydrogen evolution reactions(HERs).Oleylamine(OM),a reducing surfactant and solve...As typical quarternary copper-based chalcogenides,Cu–Zn–Sn–S nanocrystals(CZTS NCs)have emerged as a newfashioned electrocatalyst in hydrogen evolution reactions(HERs).Oleylamine(OM),a reducing surfactant and solvent,plays a significant role in the assisting synthesis of CZTS NCs due to the ligand effect.Herein,we adopted a facile one-pot colloidal method for achieving the structure evolution of CZTS NCs from 2D nanosheets to 1D nanorods assisted through the continuous addition of OM.During the process,the mechanism of OM-induced morphology evolution was further discussed.When merely adding pure 1-dodecanethiol(DDT)as the solvent,the CZTS nanosheets were obtained.As OM was gradually added to the reaction,the CZTS NCs began to grow along the sides of the nanosheets and gradually shrink at the top,followed by the formation of stable nanorods.In acidic electrolytic conditions,the CZTS NCs with 1.0 OM addition display the optimal HER activity with a low overpotential of 561 m V at 10 m A/cm^(2) and a small Tafel slope of 157.6 m V/dec compared with other CZTS samples.The enhancement of HER activity could be attributed to the contribution of the synergistic effect of the diverse crystal facets to the reaction.展开更多
We demonstrated a chemical process in the fabrication of a SERS fiber probe with an ultrahigh sensitivity.The synthesis was carried out by preparing Au@Ag core-shell nanorods (Au@Ag-NRs) selfassembled on polyelectroly...We demonstrated a chemical process in the fabrication of a SERS fiber probe with an ultrahigh sensitivity.The synthesis was carried out by preparing Au@Ag core-shell nanorods (Au@Ag-NRs) selfassembled on polyelectrolyte (PE) multilayers,for which Au@Ag-NRs were controlled by adjusting the silver layer thickness.The effect of silver layer thickness of Au@Ag-NRs on the SERS performance of the fiber probe was investigated.The SERS fiber probe shows the best performance when the silver layer thickness is controlled at 8.57 nm.Under the condition of optimizing silver layer thickness,the fiber probe exhibits ultra-high sensitivity (i e,10^(-10) M crystalline violet,CV),good reproducibility (i e,RSD of 3.5%) and stability.Besides,electromagnetic field distribution of the SERS fiber probe was also investigated.The strongest enhancement is found within the core of fiber,whereas a weakened electromagnetic field exists in the fiber cladding layer.The SERS fiber probe can be a good candidate in ultra-trace detection for biomedical and environmental areas.展开更多
We report the catalytic properties of ultra-small β-FeOOH nanorods in ozonation of4-chlorophenol(4-CP). XRD, TEM, EDS, SAED, FTIR and BET were used to characterize the prepared material. Interaction between O3 and ...We report the catalytic properties of ultra-small β-FeOOH nanorods in ozonation of4-chlorophenol(4-CP). XRD, TEM, EDS, SAED, FTIR and BET were used to characterize the prepared material. Interaction between O3 and β-FeOOH was evident from the FTIR spectra.The removal efficiency of 4-CP was significantly enhanced in the presence of β-FeOOH compared to ozone alone. Removal efficiency of 99% and 67% was achieved after 40 min in the presence of combined ozone and catalyst and ozone only, respectively. Increasing catalyst load increased COD removal efficiency. Maximum COD removal of 97% was achieved using a catalyst load of 0.1 g/100 m L of 4-CP solution. Initial 4-CP concentration was not found to be rate limiting below 2 × 10^-3mol/L. The catalytic properties of the material during ozonation process were found to be pronounced at lower initial p H of 3.5.Two stage first order kinetics was applied to describe the kinetic behavior of the nanorods at low p H. The first stage of catalytic ozonation was attributed to the heterogeneous surface breakdown of O3 by β-FeOOH, while the second stage was attributed to homogeneous catalysis initiated by reductive dissolution of β-FeOOH at low p H.展开更多
In this experiment, Cu<sup>2+</sup> doped ZnO (Cu-ZnO) nanorods materials have been fabricated by hydrothermal method. Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions were doped into ZnO with ratios of 2, 5 and 7 mol.% (...In this experiment, Cu<sup>2+</sup> doped ZnO (Cu-ZnO) nanorods materials have been fabricated by hydrothermal method. Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions were doped into ZnO with ratios of 2, 5 and 7 mol.% (compared to the mole’s number of Zn<sup>2+</sup>). The hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) solvent used for the fabrication of Cu-ZnO nanorods with the mole ratio of Zn<sup>2+</sup>:HMTA = 1:4. The characteristics of the materials were analyzed by techniques, such as XRD, Raman shift, SEM and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). The photocatalytic properties of the materials were investigated by the decomposition of the methylene blue (MB) dye solution under ultraviolet light. The results show that the size of Cu-ZnO nanorods was reduced when the Cu<sup>2+</sup> doping ratio increased from 2 mol.% to 7 mol.%. The decomposition efficiency of the MB dye solution reached 92% - 97%, corresponding to the Cu<sup>2+</sup> doping ratio changed from 2 - 7 mol.% (after 40 minutes of ultraviolet irradiation). The highest efficiency for the decomposition of the MB solution was obtained at a Cu<sup>2+</sup> doping ratio of 2 mol.%.展开更多
Here,CuO nanorods fabricated via pulsed laser ablation in liquids were decorated with Ir,Pd,and Ru NPs(loading~7 wt%) through pulsed laser irradiation in the liquids process.The resulting NPs-decorated CuO nanorods we...Here,CuO nanorods fabricated via pulsed laser ablation in liquids were decorated with Ir,Pd,and Ru NPs(loading~7 wt%) through pulsed laser irradiation in the liquids process.The resulting NPs-decorated CuO nanorods were characterized spectroscopically and employed as multifunctional electrocatalysts in OER,HER,and the furfural oxidation reactions(FOR).Ir-CuO nanorods afford the lowest overpotential of~345 mV(HER) and 414 mV(OER) at 10 mA cm^(-2),provide the highest 2-furoic acid yield(~10.85 mM) with 64.9% selectivity,and the best Faradaic efficiency~72.7% in 2 h of FOR at 1.58 V(vs.RHE).In situ electrochemical-Raman analysis of the Ir-CuO detects the formation of the crucial intermediates,such as Cu(Ⅲ)-oxide,Cu(OH)_(2),and Ir_x(OH)_y,on the electrode-electrolyte surface,which act as a promoter for HER and OER.The Ir-CuO ‖ Ir-CuO in a coupled HER and FOR-electrolyzer operates at~200 mV lower voltage,compared with the conventional electrolyzer and embodies the dual advantage of energy-saving H_(2) and 2-furoic acid production.展开更多
Precisely refining the electronic structure of electrocatalysts represents a powerful approach to further optimize the electrocatalytic performance.Herein,we demonstrate an ingenious d-d orbital hybridization concept ...Precisely refining the electronic structure of electrocatalysts represents a powerful approach to further optimize the electrocatalytic performance.Herein,we demonstrate an ingenious d-d orbital hybridization concept to construct Mo-doped Co_(9)S_(8) nanorod arrays aligned on carbon cloth(CC)substrate(abbreviated as Mo-Co_(9)S_(8)@CC hereafter)as a high-efficiency bifunctional electrocatalyst toward water electrolysis.It has experimentally and theoretically validated that the 4d-3d orbital coupling between Mo dopant and Co site can effectively optimize the H_(2)O activation energy and lower H^(*)adsorption energy barrier,thereby leading to enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)activities.Thanks to the unique electronic and geometrical advantages,the optimized Mo-Co_(9)S_(8)@CC with appropriate Mo content exhibits outstanding bifunctional performance in alkaline solution,with the overpotentials of 75 and 234 mV for the delivery of a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2),small Tafel slopes of 53.8 and 39.9 mV dec~(-1)and long-term stabilities for at least 32 and 30 h for HER and OER,respectively.More impressively,a water splitting electrolylzer assembled by the self-supported Mo-Co_(9)S_(8)@CC electrode requires a low cell voltage of 1.53 V at 10 mA cm^(-2)and shows excellent stability and splendid reversibility,demonstrating a huge potential for affordable and scalable electrochemical H_(2) production.The innovational orbital hybridization strategy for electronic regulation herein provides an inspirable avenue for developing progressive electrocatalysts toward new energy systems.展开更多
Magnesium hydroxide(Mg(OH)_2) nanorods were synthesized by a simple and facile hydrothermal method in the presence of cetyltetramethylammonium bromide(CTAB) as a surfactant. Nanorods of magnesium oxide Mg O were also ...Magnesium hydroxide(Mg(OH)_2) nanorods were synthesized by a simple and facile hydrothermal method in the presence of cetyltetramethylammonium bromide(CTAB) as a surfactant. Nanorods of magnesium oxide Mg O were also induced by thermal decomposition of Mg(OH)_2 nanorods at 700. By using disk diffusion technique, the Mg(OH)_2 nanorods were found to exhibit higher antibacterial efficiency against several tested bacterial strains.展开更多
Single crystalline ZnO nanorods were prepared by the hydrothermal method with synthesized ZnCl2·4Zn(OH)2 as the precursor. Morphologies of the nanorods were controlled by various reaction conditions with cetylt...Single crystalline ZnO nanorods were prepared by the hydrothermal method with synthesized ZnCl2·4Zn(OH)2 as the precursor. Morphologies of the nanorods were controlled by various reaction conditions with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the modifying agent. The nanorods were characterized by XRD, TEM, UV-Vis spectra, and IR spectra. The microstructure of holes in nanosize was observed on the surface of the nanorods. The UV-Vis spectra indicate that the as-prepared ZnO nanorods have absorption of visible-hght as well as ultraviolet-light. Therefore, these nanorods may be good candidates for visible-light photocatalysis materials from the viewpoint of practical applications. The reason for visible-light absorption was discussed in this article.展开更多
The utilization of diagnosis to guide/aid therapy procedures has shown great prospects in the era of personalized medicine along with the recognition of tumor heterogeneity and complexity.Herein,a kind of multifunctio...The utilization of diagnosis to guide/aid therapy procedures has shown great prospects in the era of personalized medicine along with the recognition of tumor heterogeneity and complexity.Herein,a kind of multifunctional silicon-based nanostructure,i.e.,gold nanoparticles-decorated fluorescent silicon nanorods(Au@SiNRs),is fabricated and exploited for tumor-targeted multimodal imaging-guided photothermal therapy.In particular,the prepared Au@SiNRs feature high photothermal conversion efficiency(~43.9%)and strong photothermal stability(photothermal performance stays constant after five-cycle NIR laser irradiation),making them high-performance agents for simultaneously photoacoustic and infrared thermal imaging.The Au@SiNRs are readily modified with targeting peptide ligands,enabling an enhanced tumor accumulation with a high value of^8.74%ID g?1.Taking advantages of these unique merits,the Au@SiNRs are superbly suitable for specifically ablating tumors in vivo without appreciable toxicity under the guidance of multimodal imaging.Typically,all the mice treated with the Au@SiNRs remain alive,and no distinct tumor recurrence is observed during 60-day investigation.展开更多
The outstanding performances of nanostructured allinorganic CsPbX_3(X = I, Br, Cl) perovskites in optoelectronic applications can be attributed to their unique combination of a suitable bandgap, high absorption coeffi...The outstanding performances of nanostructured allinorganic CsPbX_3(X = I, Br, Cl) perovskites in optoelectronic applications can be attributed to their unique combination of a suitable bandgap, high absorption coefficient, and long carrier lifetime, which are desirable for photodetectors. However, the photosensing performances of the CsPbI_3 nanomaterials are limited by their low charge-transport efficiency. In this study, a phototransistor with a bilayer structure of an organic semiconductor layer of 2,7-dioctyl [1] benzothieno[3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene and CsPbI_3 nanorod layer was fabricated. The high-quality CsPbI_3 nanorod layer obtained using a simple dip-coating method provided decent transistor performance of the hybrid transistor device.The perovskite layer efficiently absorbs light, while the organicsemiconductor layer acts as a transport channel for injected photogenerated carriers and provides gate modulation. The hybrid phototransistor exhibits high performance owing to the synergistic function of the photogating effect and field effect in the transistor,with a photoresponsivity as high as 4300 A W^(-1), ultra-high photosensitivity of 2.2 9 106, and excellent stability over 1 month.This study provides a strategy to combine the advantages of perovskite nanorods and organic semiconductors in fabrication of high-performance photodetectors.展开更多
Well defined BiOI nanolamellas and BiSI nanorods have been synthesized by a solventless method. The phase identity, morphology, growth orientation, and conversion from lamella to rod have been investigated. Several ex...Well defined BiOI nanolamellas and BiSI nanorods have been synthesized by a solventless method. The phase identity, morphology, growth orientation, and conversion from lamella to rod have been investigated. Several experimental facts suggest that the growth orientations of BiOI nanolamellas and BiSI nanorods are guided by their corresponding crystal structure motifs. The optical band gaps of BiOI and BiSI are measured to be 1.97 and 1.61 eV, and the visible light photocatalytic activity of BiOI lamellas is primarily measured.展开更多
NiFe2O4 nanorods have been successfully synthesized via thermal treatment of the rod-like precursor fabricated by Ni-doped (x-FeOOH, which was enwrapped by the complex of citric acid and Niz~. The morphology evolutio...NiFe2O4 nanorods have been successfully synthesized via thermal treatment of the rod-like precursor fabricated by Ni-doped (x-FeOOH, which was enwrapped by the complex of citric acid and Niz~. The morphology evolution during the calcination of the precursor nanorods was investigated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the phase and the magnetic properties of samples were analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results indicated that the diameter of the NiFe204 nanorods obtained ranged between 30 and 50 nm, and the length ranged between 2 and 3 um. As the calcination temperature was up to 600℃, the coercivity, saturation magnetization, and remanent magnetization of the samples were 36.1 kA.m^-1, 27.2 A.m2.kg^-1, and 5.3 A.m2.kg^-1, respectively. The NiFe2O4 nanorods prepared have higher shape anisotropy and superior magnetic properties than those with irregular shapes.展开更多
Nanoparticles are increasingly being recognized for their potential utility in biological applications including nanomedicine.Here,we have synthesized zinc oxide(ZnO)nanorods using zinc acetate and hexamethylenetetram...Nanoparticles are increasingly being recognized for their potential utility in biological applications including nanomedicine.Here,we have synthesized zinc oxide(ZnO)nanorods using zinc acetate and hexamethylenetetramine as precursors followed by characterizing using X-ray diffraction,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The growth of synthesized zinc oxide nanorods was found to be very close to its hexagonal nature,which is confirmed by X-ray diffraction.The nanorod was grown perpendicular to the long-axis and grew along the[001]direction,which is the nature of ZnO growth.The morphology of synthesized ZnO nanorods from the individual crystalline nucleus was confirmed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.The length of the nanorod was estimated to be around 21 nm in diameter and 50 nm in length.Our toxicology studies showed that synthesized ZnO nanorods exposure on hela cells has no significant induction of oxidative stress or cell death even in higher concentration(10μg/ml).The results suggest that ZnO nanorods might be a safer nanomaterial for biological applications.展开更多
The ultraviolet(UV) photoresponses of ZnO nanorods directly grown on and between two micro Au-electrodes by using electric-field-assisted wet chemical method are measured comprehensively under different conditions, ...The ultraviolet(UV) photoresponses of ZnO nanorods directly grown on and between two micro Au-electrodes by using electric-field-assisted wet chemical method are measured comprehensively under different conditions, including ambient environment, applied bias voltage, gate voltage and temperature. Experimental results indicate that the photoresponses of the ZnO nanorods can be modulated by surface oxygen adsorptions, applied voltages, as well as temperatures. A model taking into account both surface adsorbed oxygen and electron-hole activities inside ZnO nanorods is proposed. The enhancement effect of the bias voltage on photoresponse is also analyzed. Experimental results shows that the UV response time(to 63%) of ZnO nanorods in air and at 59°C could be shortened from 34.8 s to 0.24 s with a bias of 4 V applied between anode and cathode.展开更多
Improved photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells is demonstrated through the synergistic effect of electrodeposited ZnO nanorods and rubrene:P3HT bilayer as electron and hole-transporting layers,respective...Improved photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells is demonstrated through the synergistic effect of electrodeposited ZnO nanorods and rubrene:P3HT bilayer as electron and hole-transporting layers,respectively. Highly crystalline ZnO nanorods were obtained by electrochemical deposition in a chloride medium. Additionally, rubrene interlayer was able to passivate or cover the grain boundaries of perovskite film effectively that led to reduced leakage current. A perovskite solar cell optimized with ZnO nanorods and rubrene:P3HT bilayer achieved a maximum efficiency of 4.9% showing reduced hysteresis behavior compared with the device having P3HT as the only hole-transporting layer. The application of longer nanorods led to better perovskite infiltration and shorter charge carrier path length. These results highlight the potential of electrodeposited ZnO nanorods and rubrene:P3HT bilayer as charge selective layers for efficient perovskite solar cells.展开更多
文摘The rod-shaped form of crystalline β-FeOOH (akaganeite) was prepared by the template-free hydrothermal method with urea as the homogeneous precipitant. X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrum were used to characterize the resulting products. The degradation of methyl orange (MO) was studied using the prepared nanostructure materials in a photo-Fenton-like process. MO degradation was effectively achieved by hydroxyl radicals that were generated in the heterogeneous catalysis process. Specific surface area of the prepared β-FeOOH was an important factor affecting the efficiency of MO degradation, which depended on the synthesis conditions such as the reaction temperature, the initial concentration of urea and FeCl3.6H2O as well as the n(urea)/n(Fe3+) ratio. The photodegradation efficiencies slightly decreased with the increase of initial pH in the range of 4.5 - 9.5, which indicated the prepared β-FeOOH catalyst can well overcome the drawback of a narrow pH range of homogeneous Fenton reaction. β-FeOOH catalysts loading and H2O2 concentration also play important effect on the degradation efficiency of MO. The prepared β-FeOOH showed good ability of reuse for multiple trials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52071280)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(No.E2020203151)+2 种基金the Research Program of the College Science&Technology of Hebei Province,China(No.ZD2020121)the Cultivation Project for Basic Research and Innovation of Yanshan University(No.2021LGZD016)the Innovation Capability Improvement Project of Hebei province(No.22567605H)。
文摘In recent years,electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption has been extensively investigated for solving EMW radiation and pollution.The metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted attention due to their low density and unique structure,which can meet the requirements of strong reflection loss(RL)and wide absorption bandwidth of EMW absorption materials.In this manuscript,indium nanoparticles/porous carbon(In/C)nanorods composites were prepared via the pyrolysis of nanorods-like In-MOFs at a low temperature of450°C.Indium nanoparticles are evenly attached and embedded on porous carbon.Low electrical conductivity of In/C nanorods is unfavorable to EMW absorption performance,which is due to the low temperature carbonization.Thus,graphene(Gr)nanosheets with high electrical conductivity are introduced to adjust electromagnetic parameters of In/C nanorods for enhancing EMW absorption.The minimum RL of the In/C-Gr-4 composite is up to-43.7 dB with a thin thickness of 1.30 mm.In addition,when the thickness is further reduced to 1.14 mm,the minimum RL of-39.3 dB at 16.1 GHz and effective absorption bandwidth of 3.7 GHz(from 14.3 to 18.0 GHz)can be achieved.This work indicates that In/C-Gr composites show excellent EMW absorption performance.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22005097)the State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,P.R.China (201815)。
文摘Efficiently and thoroughly degrading organic dyes in wastewater is of great importance and challenge.Herein,vertically oriented mesoporous a-Fe_(2)O_(3)nanorods array(a-Fe_(2)O_(3)-NA)is directly grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide(FTO)glass and employed as the photoanode for photoelectrocatalytic degradation of methylene blue simulated dye wastewater.The Ovsites on the a-Fe_(2)O_(3)-NA surface are the active sites for methylene blue(MB)adsorption.Electrons transfer from the adsorbed MB to Fe-O is detected.Compared with electrocatalytic and photocatalytic degradation processes,the photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)process exhibited the best degrading performance and the largest kinetic constant.Hydroxyl,superoxide free radicals,and photo-generated holes play a jointly leading role in the PEC degradation.A possible degrading pathway is suggested by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis.This work demonstrates that photoelectrocatalysis by a-Fe_(2)O_(3)-NA has a remarkable superiority over photocatalysis and electrocatalysis in MB degradation.The in-depth investigation of photoelectrocatalytic degradation mechanism in this study is meaningful for organic wastewater treatment.
基金partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (12274021 and 62075005)。
文摘As typical quarternary copper-based chalcogenides,Cu–Zn–Sn–S nanocrystals(CZTS NCs)have emerged as a newfashioned electrocatalyst in hydrogen evolution reactions(HERs).Oleylamine(OM),a reducing surfactant and solvent,plays a significant role in the assisting synthesis of CZTS NCs due to the ligand effect.Herein,we adopted a facile one-pot colloidal method for achieving the structure evolution of CZTS NCs from 2D nanosheets to 1D nanorods assisted through the continuous addition of OM.During the process,the mechanism of OM-induced morphology evolution was further discussed.When merely adding pure 1-dodecanethiol(DDT)as the solvent,the CZTS nanosheets were obtained.As OM was gradually added to the reaction,the CZTS NCs began to grow along the sides of the nanosheets and gradually shrink at the top,followed by the formation of stable nanorods.In acidic electrolytic conditions,the CZTS NCs with 1.0 OM addition display the optimal HER activity with a low overpotential of 561 m V at 10 m A/cm^(2) and a small Tafel slope of 157.6 m V/dec compared with other CZTS samples.The enhancement of HER activity could be attributed to the contribution of the synergistic effect of the diverse crystal facets to the reaction.
基金Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51372179, 51772224)the Open Projects Foundation of Yangtze Optical Fiber and Cable Joint Stock Limited Company (YOFC)(No.SKLD1705)。
文摘We demonstrated a chemical process in the fabrication of a SERS fiber probe with an ultrahigh sensitivity.The synthesis was carried out by preparing Au@Ag core-shell nanorods (Au@Ag-NRs) selfassembled on polyelectrolyte (PE) multilayers,for which Au@Ag-NRs were controlled by adjusting the silver layer thickness.The effect of silver layer thickness of Au@Ag-NRs on the SERS performance of the fiber probe was investigated.The SERS fiber probe shows the best performance when the silver layer thickness is controlled at 8.57 nm.Under the condition of optimizing silver layer thickness,the fiber probe exhibits ultra-high sensitivity (i e,10^(-10) M crystalline violet,CV),good reproducibility (i e,RSD of 3.5%) and stability.Besides,electromagnetic field distribution of the SERS fiber probe was also investigated.The strongest enhancement is found within the core of fiber,whereas a weakened electromagnetic field exists in the fiber cladding layer.The SERS fiber probe can be a good candidate in ultra-trace detection for biomedical and environmental areas.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (No: 88220)the Cape Peninsula University of Technology (University Research Funding) (URF:2014)
文摘We report the catalytic properties of ultra-small β-FeOOH nanorods in ozonation of4-chlorophenol(4-CP). XRD, TEM, EDS, SAED, FTIR and BET were used to characterize the prepared material. Interaction between O3 and β-FeOOH was evident from the FTIR spectra.The removal efficiency of 4-CP was significantly enhanced in the presence of β-FeOOH compared to ozone alone. Removal efficiency of 99% and 67% was achieved after 40 min in the presence of combined ozone and catalyst and ozone only, respectively. Increasing catalyst load increased COD removal efficiency. Maximum COD removal of 97% was achieved using a catalyst load of 0.1 g/100 m L of 4-CP solution. Initial 4-CP concentration was not found to be rate limiting below 2 × 10^-3mol/L. The catalytic properties of the material during ozonation process were found to be pronounced at lower initial p H of 3.5.Two stage first order kinetics was applied to describe the kinetic behavior of the nanorods at low p H. The first stage of catalytic ozonation was attributed to the heterogeneous surface breakdown of O3 by β-FeOOH, while the second stage was attributed to homogeneous catalysis initiated by reductive dissolution of β-FeOOH at low p H.
文摘In this experiment, Cu<sup>2+</sup> doped ZnO (Cu-ZnO) nanorods materials have been fabricated by hydrothermal method. Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions were doped into ZnO with ratios of 2, 5 and 7 mol.% (compared to the mole’s number of Zn<sup>2+</sup>). The hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) solvent used for the fabrication of Cu-ZnO nanorods with the mole ratio of Zn<sup>2+</sup>:HMTA = 1:4. The characteristics of the materials were analyzed by techniques, such as XRD, Raman shift, SEM and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). The photocatalytic properties of the materials were investigated by the decomposition of the methylene blue (MB) dye solution under ultraviolet light. The results show that the size of Cu-ZnO nanorods was reduced when the Cu<sup>2+</sup> doping ratio increased from 2 mol.% to 7 mol.%. The decomposition efficiency of the MB dye solution reached 92% - 97%, corresponding to the Cu<sup>2+</sup> doping ratio changed from 2 - 7 mol.% (after 40 minutes of ultraviolet irradiation). The highest efficiency for the decomposition of the MB solution was obtained at a Cu<sup>2+</sup> doping ratio of 2 mol.%.
基金supported by the Korea Basic Science Institute (National research Facilities and Equipment Center) grant funded by the Ministry of Education. (2019R1A6C1010042, 2021R1A6C103A427)the financial support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), (2022R1A2C2010686, 2022R1A4A3033528, 2021R1I1A1A01060380, 2019H1D3A1A01071209)。
文摘Here,CuO nanorods fabricated via pulsed laser ablation in liquids were decorated with Ir,Pd,and Ru NPs(loading~7 wt%) through pulsed laser irradiation in the liquids process.The resulting NPs-decorated CuO nanorods were characterized spectroscopically and employed as multifunctional electrocatalysts in OER,HER,and the furfural oxidation reactions(FOR).Ir-CuO nanorods afford the lowest overpotential of~345 mV(HER) and 414 mV(OER) at 10 mA cm^(-2),provide the highest 2-furoic acid yield(~10.85 mM) with 64.9% selectivity,and the best Faradaic efficiency~72.7% in 2 h of FOR at 1.58 V(vs.RHE).In situ electrochemical-Raman analysis of the Ir-CuO detects the formation of the crucial intermediates,such as Cu(Ⅲ)-oxide,Cu(OH)_(2),and Ir_x(OH)_y,on the electrode-electrolyte surface,which act as a promoter for HER and OER.The Ir-CuO ‖ Ir-CuO in a coupled HER and FOR-electrolyzer operates at~200 mV lower voltage,compared with the conventional electrolyzer and embodies the dual advantage of energy-saving H_(2) and 2-furoic acid production.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21972068,22072067,22232004)the High-level Talents Project of Jinling Institute of Technology(jit-b-202164)。
文摘Precisely refining the electronic structure of electrocatalysts represents a powerful approach to further optimize the electrocatalytic performance.Herein,we demonstrate an ingenious d-d orbital hybridization concept to construct Mo-doped Co_(9)S_(8) nanorod arrays aligned on carbon cloth(CC)substrate(abbreviated as Mo-Co_(9)S_(8)@CC hereafter)as a high-efficiency bifunctional electrocatalyst toward water electrolysis.It has experimentally and theoretically validated that the 4d-3d orbital coupling between Mo dopant and Co site can effectively optimize the H_(2)O activation energy and lower H^(*)adsorption energy barrier,thereby leading to enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)activities.Thanks to the unique electronic and geometrical advantages,the optimized Mo-Co_(9)S_(8)@CC with appropriate Mo content exhibits outstanding bifunctional performance in alkaline solution,with the overpotentials of 75 and 234 mV for the delivery of a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2),small Tafel slopes of 53.8 and 39.9 mV dec~(-1)and long-term stabilities for at least 32 and 30 h for HER and OER,respectively.More impressively,a water splitting electrolylzer assembled by the self-supported Mo-Co_(9)S_(8)@CC electrode requires a low cell voltage of 1.53 V at 10 mA cm^(-2)and shows excellent stability and splendid reversibility,demonstrating a huge potential for affordable and scalable electrochemical H_(2) production.The innovational orbital hybridization strategy for electronic regulation herein provides an inspirable avenue for developing progressive electrocatalysts toward new energy systems.
文摘Magnesium hydroxide(Mg(OH)_2) nanorods were synthesized by a simple and facile hydrothermal method in the presence of cetyltetramethylammonium bromide(CTAB) as a surfactant. Nanorods of magnesium oxide Mg O were also induced by thermal decomposition of Mg(OH)_2 nanorods at 700. By using disk diffusion technique, the Mg(OH)_2 nanorods were found to exhibit higher antibacterial efficiency against several tested bacterial strains.
基金This work is financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (No. Y2005B10).
文摘Single crystalline ZnO nanorods were prepared by the hydrothermal method with synthesized ZnCl2·4Zn(OH)2 as the precursor. Morphologies of the nanorods were controlled by various reaction conditions with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the modifying agent. The nanorods were characterized by XRD, TEM, UV-Vis spectra, and IR spectra. The microstructure of holes in nanosize was observed on the surface of the nanorods. The UV-Vis spectra indicate that the as-prepared ZnO nanorods have absorption of visible-hght as well as ultraviolet-light. Therefore, these nanorods may be good candidates for visible-light photocatalysis materials from the viewpoint of practical applications. The reason for visible-light absorption was discussed in this article.
基金financial support from the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2013CB934400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21825402,31400860,21575096,and 21605109)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20170061)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology,and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the 111 ProjectJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices.
文摘The utilization of diagnosis to guide/aid therapy procedures has shown great prospects in the era of personalized medicine along with the recognition of tumor heterogeneity and complexity.Herein,a kind of multifunctional silicon-based nanostructure,i.e.,gold nanoparticles-decorated fluorescent silicon nanorods(Au@SiNRs),is fabricated and exploited for tumor-targeted multimodal imaging-guided photothermal therapy.In particular,the prepared Au@SiNRs feature high photothermal conversion efficiency(~43.9%)and strong photothermal stability(photothermal performance stays constant after five-cycle NIR laser irradiation),making them high-performance agents for simultaneously photoacoustic and infrared thermal imaging.The Au@SiNRs are readily modified with targeting peptide ligands,enabling an enhanced tumor accumulation with a high value of^8.74%ID g?1.Taking advantages of these unique merits,the Au@SiNRs are superbly suitable for specifically ablating tumors in vivo without appreciable toxicity under the guidance of multimodal imaging.Typically,all the mice treated with the Au@SiNRs remain alive,and no distinct tumor recurrence is observed during 60-day investigation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0103904)the National Nature Science Foundation of China (51741302 and 51603151)+2 种基金Science & Technology Foundation of Shanghai (17JC1404600)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe support of College of Transportation Engineering,Tongji University’s Shanghai ‘‘Gaofeng’’ subject
文摘The outstanding performances of nanostructured allinorganic CsPbX_3(X = I, Br, Cl) perovskites in optoelectronic applications can be attributed to their unique combination of a suitable bandgap, high absorption coefficient, and long carrier lifetime, which are desirable for photodetectors. However, the photosensing performances of the CsPbI_3 nanomaterials are limited by their low charge-transport efficiency. In this study, a phototransistor with a bilayer structure of an organic semiconductor layer of 2,7-dioctyl [1] benzothieno[3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene and CsPbI_3 nanorod layer was fabricated. The high-quality CsPbI_3 nanorod layer obtained using a simple dip-coating method provided decent transistor performance of the hybrid transistor device.The perovskite layer efficiently absorbs light, while the organicsemiconductor layer acts as a transport channel for injected photogenerated carriers and provides gate modulation. The hybrid phototransistor exhibits high performance owing to the synergistic function of the photogating effect and field effect in the transistor,with a photoresponsivity as high as 4300 A W^(-1), ultra-high photosensitivity of 2.2 9 106, and excellent stability over 1 month.This study provides a strategy to combine the advantages of perovskite nanorods and organic semiconductors in fabrication of high-performance photodetectors.
基金Financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20773130, 20803080)973 Program (2009CB939801)the "Key Project from Fujian Institute" (SZD07004)
文摘Well defined BiOI nanolamellas and BiSI nanorods have been synthesized by a solventless method. The phase identity, morphology, growth orientation, and conversion from lamella to rod have been investigated. Several experimental facts suggest that the growth orientations of BiOI nanolamellas and BiSI nanorods are guided by their corresponding crystal structure motifs. The optical band gaps of BiOI and BiSI are measured to be 1.97 and 1.61 eV, and the visible light photocatalytic activity of BiOI lamellas is primarily measured.
基金the North University of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No50535030) for financial support to this work
文摘NiFe2O4 nanorods have been successfully synthesized via thermal treatment of the rod-like precursor fabricated by Ni-doped (x-FeOOH, which was enwrapped by the complex of citric acid and Niz~. The morphology evolution during the calcination of the precursor nanorods was investigated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the phase and the magnetic properties of samples were analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results indicated that the diameter of the NiFe204 nanorods obtained ranged between 30 and 50 nm, and the length ranged between 2 and 3 um. As the calcination temperature was up to 600℃, the coercivity, saturation magnetization, and remanent magnetization of the samples were 36.1 kA.m^-1, 27.2 A.m2.kg^-1, and 5.3 A.m2.kg^-1, respectively. The NiFe2O4 nanorods prepared have higher shape anisotropy and superior magnetic properties than those with irregular shapes.
基金supported by NASA funding NNX08BA47ANCC-1-02038+1 种基金NIH-1P20MD001822-1NSF(RISE)HRD-0734846
文摘Nanoparticles are increasingly being recognized for their potential utility in biological applications including nanomedicine.Here,we have synthesized zinc oxide(ZnO)nanorods using zinc acetate and hexamethylenetetramine as precursors followed by characterizing using X-ray diffraction,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The growth of synthesized zinc oxide nanorods was found to be very close to its hexagonal nature,which is confirmed by X-ray diffraction.The nanorod was grown perpendicular to the long-axis and grew along the[001]direction,which is the nature of ZnO growth.The morphology of synthesized ZnO nanorods from the individual crystalline nucleus was confirmed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.The length of the nanorod was estimated to be around 21 nm in diameter and 50 nm in length.Our toxicology studies showed that synthesized ZnO nanorods exposure on hela cells has no significant induction of oxidative stress or cell death even in higher concentration(10μg/ml).The results suggest that ZnO nanorods might be a safer nanomaterial for biological applications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.91123017)
文摘The ultraviolet(UV) photoresponses of ZnO nanorods directly grown on and between two micro Au-electrodes by using electric-field-assisted wet chemical method are measured comprehensively under different conditions, including ambient environment, applied bias voltage, gate voltage and temperature. Experimental results indicate that the photoresponses of the ZnO nanorods can be modulated by surface oxygen adsorptions, applied voltages, as well as temperatures. A model taking into account both surface adsorbed oxygen and electron-hole activities inside ZnO nanorods is proposed. The enhancement effect of the bias voltage on photoresponse is also analyzed. Experimental results shows that the UV response time(to 63%) of ZnO nanorods in air and at 59°C could be shortened from 34.8 s to 0.24 s with a bias of 4 V applied between anode and cathode.
文摘Improved photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells is demonstrated through the synergistic effect of electrodeposited ZnO nanorods and rubrene:P3HT bilayer as electron and hole-transporting layers,respectively. Highly crystalline ZnO nanorods were obtained by electrochemical deposition in a chloride medium. Additionally, rubrene interlayer was able to passivate or cover the grain boundaries of perovskite film effectively that led to reduced leakage current. A perovskite solar cell optimized with ZnO nanorods and rubrene:P3HT bilayer achieved a maximum efficiency of 4.9% showing reduced hysteresis behavior compared with the device having P3HT as the only hole-transporting layer. The application of longer nanorods led to better perovskite infiltration and shorter charge carrier path length. These results highlight the potential of electrodeposited ZnO nanorods and rubrene:P3HT bilayer as charge selective layers for efficient perovskite solar cells.