In order to better understand the specific substituent effects on the electrochemical oxidation process of β-O-4 bond, a series of methoxyphenyl type β-O-4 dimer model compounds with different localized methoxyl gro...In order to better understand the specific substituent effects on the electrochemical oxidation process of β-O-4 bond, a series of methoxyphenyl type β-O-4 dimer model compounds with different localized methoxyl groups, including 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanone, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanol, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol, 2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone, 2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol have been selected and their electrochemical properties have been studied experimentally by cyclic voltammetry, and FT-IR spectroelectrochemistry. Combining with electrolysis products distribution analysis and density functional theory calculations, oxidation mechanisms of all six model dimers have been explored. In particular, a total effect from substituents of both para-methoxy(on the aryl ring closing to Cα) and Cα-OH on the oxidation mechanisms has been clearly observed, showing a significant selectivity on the Cα-Cβbond cleavage induced by electrochemical oxidations.展开更多
为揭示热解过程中木质素中α-O-4连接键的解聚机理,运用密度泛函理论模拟了α-O-4型木质素二聚体模化物苯酚基甘油-α-苯基醚在773 K、101 k Pa条件下的热解行为.通过对各步反应热力学焓变的计算,明确了二聚体的初次裂解是Cα—O键和Cα...为揭示热解过程中木质素中α-O-4连接键的解聚机理,运用密度泛函理论模拟了α-O-4型木质素二聚体模化物苯酚基甘油-α-苯基醚在773 K、101 k Pa条件下的热解行为.通过对各步反应热力学焓变的计算,明确了二聚体的初次裂解是Cα—O键和Cα—Cβ键的断裂.根据热力学可能性,将二聚体的后续裂解设计成不同的路径,热解的最终产物有小分子化合物(甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇和环氧乙烷)、苯酚及其对位取代物(对甲基苯酚、对乙基苯酚和对羟基苯甲醇)、苯及其取代物(苯甲醇),酚类产物中较优先的是对甲基苯酚、对乙基苯酚,其次是苯酚.此外,还将α-O-4型二聚体的热解行为与β-O-4型二聚体进行了比较,发现其不同均源于两者结构的差异.展开更多
为了解木质素的热解机理,利用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法,在6-31++G(d,p)基组水平上对含有C_α位羰基的β-O-4型木质素二聚体模型化合物(3-羟基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-2-苯氧基-1-丙酮)的热解过程进行了理论计算和分析。结果表明,C_α位上的羰基...为了解木质素的热解机理,利用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法,在6-31++G(d,p)基组水平上对含有C_α位羰基的β-O-4型木质素二聚体模型化合物(3-羟基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-2-苯氧基-1-丙酮)的热解过程进行了理论计算和分析。结果表明,C_α位上的羰基取代基可大大降低C_β—O的键解离能,提高C_α—C_β的键解离能,使得C_β—O的键解离能比C_α—C_β低91.5 k J/mol,因此该二聚体主要通过C_β—O键均裂的方式发生热解反应,其主要酚类热解产物是苯酚和4-羟基苯甲醛,次要产物是4-羟基苯乙酮,生成4-羟基苯甲醛的动力学最优路径是R7-a,其反应能垒为236.6 k J/mol。展开更多
Lignin is the most recalcitrant of the three components of lignocellulosic biomass. The strength and stability of the linkages have long been a great challenge for the degradation and valorization of lignin biomass to...Lignin is the most recalcitrant of the three components of lignocellulosic biomass. The strength and stability of the linkages have long been a great challenge for the degradation and valorization of lignin biomass to obtain bio-fuels and commercial chemicals. Up to now, the selective cleavage of C–O linkages of lignin to afford chemicals contains only C, H and O atoms. Our group has developed a cleavage/crosscoupling strategy for converting 4-O-5 linkage lignin model compounds into high value-added compounds. Herein, we present a palladium-catalyzed cleavage/cross-coupling of the β-O-4 lignin model compounds with amines via dual C–O bond cleavage for the preparation of benzyl amine compounds and phenols.展开更多
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Natural Science Foundation of China,China(Grant No.21975082 and 21736003)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant Number:2019A1515011472 and 2022A1515011341)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(Grant Number:202102080479).
文摘In order to better understand the specific substituent effects on the electrochemical oxidation process of β-O-4 bond, a series of methoxyphenyl type β-O-4 dimer model compounds with different localized methoxyl groups, including 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanone, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanol, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol, 2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone, 2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol have been selected and their electrochemical properties have been studied experimentally by cyclic voltammetry, and FT-IR spectroelectrochemistry. Combining with electrolysis products distribution analysis and density functional theory calculations, oxidation mechanisms of all six model dimers have been explored. In particular, a total effect from substituents of both para-methoxy(on the aryl ring closing to Cα) and Cα-OH on the oxidation mechanisms has been clearly observed, showing a significant selectivity on the Cα-Cβbond cleavage induced by electrochemical oxidations.
文摘为揭示热解过程中木质素中α-O-4连接键的解聚机理,运用密度泛函理论模拟了α-O-4型木质素二聚体模化物苯酚基甘油-α-苯基醚在773 K、101 k Pa条件下的热解行为.通过对各步反应热力学焓变的计算,明确了二聚体的初次裂解是Cα—O键和Cα—Cβ键的断裂.根据热力学可能性,将二聚体的后续裂解设计成不同的路径,热解的最终产物有小分子化合物(甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇和环氧乙烷)、苯酚及其对位取代物(对甲基苯酚、对乙基苯酚和对羟基苯甲醇)、苯及其取代物(苯甲醇),酚类产物中较优先的是对甲基苯酚、对乙基苯酚,其次是苯酚.此外,还将α-O-4型二聚体的热解行为与β-O-4型二聚体进行了比较,发现其不同均源于两者结构的差异.
文摘为了解木质素的热解机理,利用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法,在6-31++G(d,p)基组水平上对含有C_α位羰基的β-O-4型木质素二聚体模型化合物(3-羟基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-2-苯氧基-1-丙酮)的热解过程进行了理论计算和分析。结果表明,C_α位上的羰基取代基可大大降低C_β—O的键解离能,提高C_α—C_β的键解离能,使得C_β—O的键解离能比C_α—C_β低91.5 k J/mol,因此该二聚体主要通过C_β—O键均裂的方式发生热解反应,其主要酚类热解产物是苯酚和4-羟基苯甲醛,次要产物是4-羟基苯乙酮,生成4-羟基苯甲醛的动力学最优路径是R7-a,其反应能垒为236.6 k J/mol。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52206232)Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(23)3049)Key University Science Research Project of Jiangsu province(21KJA610001).
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC, No. 21971093)the International Joint Research Centre for Green Catalysis and Synthesis (Nos. 2016B01017 and 18JR4RA003)+4 种基金the 111 project for support of our research. We also thank the Canada Research Chair (Tier I) foundationthe E.B. Eddy Endowment Fundthe Canada Foundation for InnovationThe Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC)Le Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies(FQRNT) to C.-J. Li。
文摘Lignin is the most recalcitrant of the three components of lignocellulosic biomass. The strength and stability of the linkages have long been a great challenge for the degradation and valorization of lignin biomass to obtain bio-fuels and commercial chemicals. Up to now, the selective cleavage of C–O linkages of lignin to afford chemicals contains only C, H and O atoms. Our group has developed a cleavage/crosscoupling strategy for converting 4-O-5 linkage lignin model compounds into high value-added compounds. Herein, we present a palladium-catalyzed cleavage/cross-coupling of the β-O-4 lignin model compounds with amines via dual C–O bond cleavage for the preparation of benzyl amine compounds and phenols.
