[Objectives] Columbus and Tsingtao Flower were selected to brew Ale beer, thereby studying the brewing characteristics of high α-acid and high β-acid content hops. [Methods] The content of diacetyl and bitterness in...[Objectives] Columbus and Tsingtao Flower were selected to brew Ale beer, thereby studying the brewing characteristics of high α-acid and high β-acid content hops. [Methods] The content of diacetyl and bitterness in beer were determined by a spectrophotometer at 335 and 275 nm, respectively. With pH=8.2 as the end point of potentiometric titration, the total acid content in beer was calculated by acid-base titration method, and sensory evaluation for beer was conducted. [Results] The results show that α-acid is an important factor affecting the production and reduction rate of diacetyl in beer. The production and reduction rate of diacetyl in high α-acid hops were lower than those in high β-acid hops; iso-α-acid was the main source of bitterness in beer, and high α-acid hops had more significant bitter value than high β-acid hops; and malt acid compounds and fermentation production were the main source of total acid in beer, and high α-acid and high β-acid hops had a little effect on total acid in beer. In sensory evaluation, high α-acid hops were more effective than high β-acid hops in terms of zest of the mouthfeel, foaming retention and alcohol fragrance, while in clarity, high α-acid hops were lower than high β-acid hops. [Conclusions] Therefore, we can draw a conclusion that the brewing characteristics of high α-acid hops are better than those of high β-acid hops.展开更多
目的分析研究血清心血管调节肽(Salusin-β)、脂肪酸结合蛋白4(Fatty acid binding protein 4,FABP4)与子痫前期孕妇疾病严重程度和预后的关联。方法以2021年3月-2022年3月武汉市汉阳医院妇产科收治的112例子痫前期孕妇为子痫前期组,根...目的分析研究血清心血管调节肽(Salusin-β)、脂肪酸结合蛋白4(Fatty acid binding protein 4,FABP4)与子痫前期孕妇疾病严重程度和预后的关联。方法以2021年3月-2022年3月武汉市汉阳医院妇产科收治的112例子痫前期孕妇为子痫前期组,根据患者疾病严重程度分为轻度子痫前期组和重度子痫前期组,选取同时期124例健康体检孕妇作正常血压组,测定各组孕妇的血清Salusin-β、FABP-4水平。记录各组孕妇分娩孕周、新生儿出生体重、血压恢复正常的时间。采用Pearson相关系数分析各组孕妇血清Salusin-β、FABP-4水平与预后指标的相关性。结果子痫前期组和正常血压组孕妇平均年龄、平均孕次、平均产次、孕前平均体重指数、入院时平均孕周差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与正常血压组相比,子痫前期组孕妇血清Salusin-β、FABP-4水平升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与轻度子痫组前期比较,重度子痫前期组血清Salusin-β、FABP-4水平均升高,孕妇分娩孕周缩短,新生儿体重降低,血压恢复正常的时间增长,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。子痫前期组孕妇血清中Salusin-β、FABP-4水平与分娩孕周及新生儿出生体重均呈负相关,与血压恢复正常时间呈正相关(P<0.05)。正常血压组血清中Salusin-β、FABP4水平与分娩孕周、新生儿出生体重、血压恢复正常时间无相关性(P>0.05)。结论子痫前期孕妇血清中Salusin-β、FABP-4水平与疾病严重程度及不良预后有相关性。展开更多
蛋白-多糖乳液凝胶作为活性物的包载体系,具有载量高、生物相容性高、稳定性好等优点。该文以螺旋藻分离蛋白(Spirulina protein isolate,SPI)和透明质酸(hyaluronic acid,HA)为乳化剂和凝胶基质,制备了不同油相体积分数的SPI乳液、SPI...蛋白-多糖乳液凝胶作为活性物的包载体系,具有载量高、生物相容性高、稳定性好等优点。该文以螺旋藻分离蛋白(Spirulina protein isolate,SPI)和透明质酸(hyaluronic acid,HA)为乳化剂和凝胶基质,制备了不同油相体积分数的SPI乳液、SPI-HA乳液和乳液凝胶,表征了乳液的微观结构和粒径,分析了不同油相体积分数对乳液凝胶形成的影响,并探究了乳液凝胶对β-胡萝卜素的高温保护效果。结果表明,SPI乳液随着HA的引入,乳液粒径明显降低;乳液凝胶结构则随着油相体积分数的增加越来越致密;当油相体积分数为60%时,乳液凝胶的屈服应力、储能模量以及表观黏度均高于SPI乳液和SPI-HA乳液;乳液凝胶对70℃,8 h下β-胡萝卜素的保留率高达(78.83±2.75)%。综上所述,SPI-HA乳液凝胶在食品领域中具有良好的应用前景。展开更多
文摘[Objectives] Columbus and Tsingtao Flower were selected to brew Ale beer, thereby studying the brewing characteristics of high α-acid and high β-acid content hops. [Methods] The content of diacetyl and bitterness in beer were determined by a spectrophotometer at 335 and 275 nm, respectively. With pH=8.2 as the end point of potentiometric titration, the total acid content in beer was calculated by acid-base titration method, and sensory evaluation for beer was conducted. [Results] The results show that α-acid is an important factor affecting the production and reduction rate of diacetyl in beer. The production and reduction rate of diacetyl in high α-acid hops were lower than those in high β-acid hops; iso-α-acid was the main source of bitterness in beer, and high α-acid hops had more significant bitter value than high β-acid hops; and malt acid compounds and fermentation production were the main source of total acid in beer, and high α-acid and high β-acid hops had a little effect on total acid in beer. In sensory evaluation, high α-acid hops were more effective than high β-acid hops in terms of zest of the mouthfeel, foaming retention and alcohol fragrance, while in clarity, high α-acid hops were lower than high β-acid hops. [Conclusions] Therefore, we can draw a conclusion that the brewing characteristics of high α-acid hops are better than those of high β-acid hops.
文摘目的分析研究血清心血管调节肽(Salusin-β)、脂肪酸结合蛋白4(Fatty acid binding protein 4,FABP4)与子痫前期孕妇疾病严重程度和预后的关联。方法以2021年3月-2022年3月武汉市汉阳医院妇产科收治的112例子痫前期孕妇为子痫前期组,根据患者疾病严重程度分为轻度子痫前期组和重度子痫前期组,选取同时期124例健康体检孕妇作正常血压组,测定各组孕妇的血清Salusin-β、FABP-4水平。记录各组孕妇分娩孕周、新生儿出生体重、血压恢复正常的时间。采用Pearson相关系数分析各组孕妇血清Salusin-β、FABP-4水平与预后指标的相关性。结果子痫前期组和正常血压组孕妇平均年龄、平均孕次、平均产次、孕前平均体重指数、入院时平均孕周差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与正常血压组相比,子痫前期组孕妇血清Salusin-β、FABP-4水平升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与轻度子痫组前期比较,重度子痫前期组血清Salusin-β、FABP-4水平均升高,孕妇分娩孕周缩短,新生儿体重降低,血压恢复正常的时间增长,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。子痫前期组孕妇血清中Salusin-β、FABP-4水平与分娩孕周及新生儿出生体重均呈负相关,与血压恢复正常时间呈正相关(P<0.05)。正常血压组血清中Salusin-β、FABP4水平与分娩孕周、新生儿出生体重、血压恢复正常时间无相关性(P>0.05)。结论子痫前期孕妇血清中Salusin-β、FABP-4水平与疾病严重程度及不良预后有相关性。
文摘蛋白-多糖乳液凝胶作为活性物的包载体系,具有载量高、生物相容性高、稳定性好等优点。该文以螺旋藻分离蛋白(Spirulina protein isolate,SPI)和透明质酸(hyaluronic acid,HA)为乳化剂和凝胶基质,制备了不同油相体积分数的SPI乳液、SPI-HA乳液和乳液凝胶,表征了乳液的微观结构和粒径,分析了不同油相体积分数对乳液凝胶形成的影响,并探究了乳液凝胶对β-胡萝卜素的高温保护效果。结果表明,SPI乳液随着HA的引入,乳液粒径明显降低;乳液凝胶结构则随着油相体积分数的增加越来越致密;当油相体积分数为60%时,乳液凝胶的屈服应力、储能模量以及表观黏度均高于SPI乳液和SPI-HA乳液;乳液凝胶对70℃,8 h下β-胡萝卜素的保留率高达(78.83±2.75)%。综上所述,SPI-HA乳液凝胶在食品领域中具有良好的应用前景。
