eAbstract We extend the T violating model of the paper on ＂Hidden symmetry of the CKM and neutrinomapping matrices＂ by assuming its T-violating phases X↑ and X↓ to be large and the same, with X = X↑ = X↓. In thi...eAbstract We extend the T violating model of the paper on ＂Hidden symmetry of the CKM and neutrinomapping matrices＂ by assuming its T-violating phases X↑ and X↓ to be large and the same, with X = X↑ = X↓. In this case, the model has 9 real parameters： aT, α↑,β↑,ξ↑,η↑T for the T-quark sector, α↓,β↓,ξ↓,η↓, for the sector and a common X- We examine whether these nine parameters are compatible with ten observables： the six quark masses and the four real parameters that characterize the CKM matrix （i.e., the Jarlskog invariant and three Eulerian angles）. We find that this is possible only if the T violating phase X is large, between -120^o to -135^o. In this strong T violating model, the smallness of theJarlskog invariant 3 × 10^-5 ismainly accounted for by the large heavy quark masses, with mc/mt〈ms/mb≈0.02, as well as the near completeoverlap of t and b quark, with （c｜b）=-0.04.展开更多
Background:The intestinal barrier integrity can be disrupted due to burn injury,which is responsible for local and systemic inflammatory responses.Anti-inflammation strategy is one of the proposed therapeutic approach...Background:The intestinal barrier integrity can be disrupted due to burn injury,which is responsible for local and systemic inflammatory responses.Anti-inflammation strategy is one of the proposed therapeutic approaches to control inflammatory cascade at an early stage.Interleukin-17A(IL-17A)plays a critical role in inflammatory diseases.However,the role of IL-17A in the progression of burn-induced intestinal inflammation is poorly understood.In this study,we aimed to investigate the effect of IL-17A and associated pro-inflammatory cytokines that were deeply involved in the pathogenesis of burn-induced intestinal inflammatory injury,and furthermore,we sought to determine the early source of IL-17A in the intestine.Methods:Mouse burn model was successfully established with infliction of 30%total body surface area scald burn.The histopathological manifestation,intestinal permeability,zonula occludens-1 expression,pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined with or without IL-17A-neutralization.Flow cytometry was used to detect the major source of IL-17A^(+)cells in the intestine.Results:Burn caused intestinal barrier damage,increase of intestinal permeability,alteration of zonula occludens-1 expressions,elevation of IL-17A,IL-6,IL-1βand tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),whereas IL-17A neutralization dramatically alleviated burn-induced intestinal barrier disruption,maintained zonula occludens-1 expression,and noticeably,inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines elevation.In addition,we observed that the proportion of intestinal IL-17A^(+)Vγ4^(+)T subtype cells(but not IL-17A^(+)Vγ1^(+)T subtype cells)were increased in burn group,and neutralization of IL-17A suppressed this increase.Conclusions:The main original findings of this study are intestinal mucosa barrier is disrupted after burn through affecting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,and a protective role of IL-17A neutralization for intestinal mucosa barrier is determined.Furthermore,Vγ4^(+)T cells are identified as the major early producers of IL-17A that orchestrate an inflammatory response in the burn model.These data suggest that IL-17A blockage may provide a unique target for therapeutic intervention to treat intestinal insult after burn.展开更多
基金Supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-92-ER40699)
文摘eAbstract We extend the T violating model of the paper on ＂Hidden symmetry of the CKM and neutrinomapping matrices＂ by assuming its T-violating phases X↑ and X↓ to be large and the same, with X = X↑ = X↓. In this case, the model has 9 real parameters： aT, α↑,β↑,ξ↑,η↑T for the T-quark sector, α↓,β↓,ξ↓,η↓, for the sector and a common X- We examine whether these nine parameters are compatible with ten observables： the six quark masses and the four real parameters that characterize the CKM matrix （i.e., the Jarlskog invariant and three Eulerian angles）. We find that this is possible only if the T violating phase X is large, between -120^o to -135^o. In this strong T violating model, the smallness of theJarlskog invariant 3 × 10^-5 ismainly accounted for by the large heavy quark masses, with mc/mt〈ms/mb≈0.02, as well as the near completeoverlap of t and b quark, with （c｜b）=-0.04.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.81570675,NO.31872742)Clinical Innovation Foundation of Southwest Hospital(SWH2017JCZD-06)Top Talent Training Programme Foundation of Southwest Hospital(SWH2018BJKJ-04).
文摘Background:The intestinal barrier integrity can be disrupted due to burn injury,which is responsible for local and systemic inflammatory responses.Anti-inflammation strategy is one of the proposed therapeutic approaches to control inflammatory cascade at an early stage.Interleukin-17A(IL-17A)plays a critical role in inflammatory diseases.However,the role of IL-17A in the progression of burn-induced intestinal inflammation is poorly understood.In this study,we aimed to investigate the effect of IL-17A and associated pro-inflammatory cytokines that were deeply involved in the pathogenesis of burn-induced intestinal inflammatory injury,and furthermore,we sought to determine the early source of IL-17A in the intestine.Methods:Mouse burn model was successfully established with infliction of 30%total body surface area scald burn.The histopathological manifestation,intestinal permeability,zonula occludens-1 expression,pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined with or without IL-17A-neutralization.Flow cytometry was used to detect the major source of IL-17A^(+)cells in the intestine.Results:Burn caused intestinal barrier damage,increase of intestinal permeability,alteration of zonula occludens-1 expressions,elevation of IL-17A,IL-6,IL-1βand tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),whereas IL-17A neutralization dramatically alleviated burn-induced intestinal barrier disruption,maintained zonula occludens-1 expression,and noticeably,inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines elevation.In addition,we observed that the proportion of intestinal IL-17A^(+)Vγ4^(+)T subtype cells(but not IL-17A^(+)Vγ1^(+)T subtype cells)were increased in burn group,and neutralization of IL-17A suppressed this increase.Conclusions:The main original findings of this study are intestinal mucosa barrier is disrupted after burn through affecting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,and a protective role of IL-17A neutralization for intestinal mucosa barrier is determined.Furthermore,Vγ4^(+)T cells are identified as the major early producers of IL-17A that orchestrate an inflammatory response in the burn model.These data suggest that IL-17A blockage may provide a unique target for therapeutic intervention to treat intestinal insult after burn.
