A NOTE ON CONICAL KHLER-RICCI FLOW ON MINIMAL ELLIPTIC KHLER SURFACES

We prove that, under a semi-ampleness type assumption on the twisted canonical line bundle, the conical Kahler-Ricci flow on a minimal elliptic Kahler surface converges in the sense of currents to a generalized conical Kahler-Einstein on its canonical model. Moreover, the convergence takes place smoothly outside the singular fibers and the chosen divisor.

Evolution of the First Eigenvalue of a (<i>p</i>,<i>q</i>)-Laplacian Under a Harmonic Ricci Flow

The properties of the first eigenvalue of a class of (p,q) Laplacian are investigated. A variational formulation for the first eigenvalue of the Laplacian on a closed Riemannian manifold is obtained. This eigenvalue corresponds to a nonlinear, coupled system of p-Laplacian partial differential equations. The main idea is to investigate the evolution of the first eigenvalue of the system under the Ricci harmonic flow. It is also possible to construct monotonic quantities based on them and study their evolution which is done.

Ricci-Hamilton流上特征值的单调性

讨论Ricci-Hamilton流上双调和算子的特征值单调性,得到了特征值单调性的一个充分条件.

ε-Ricci流上一类几何算子特征值的单调性

运用几何分析的方法,文章对几何算子-Δ+cR(c≥1/4)的第一特征值沿ε-Ricci流的单调性进行了研究.证明了沿着闭黎曼流形上的ε-Ricci流,算子-Δ+cR(c≥1/4)的第一特征值具有单调非减的性质,并利用特征值的单调性研究了Ricci breather,排除了非平凡稳定Ricci breather的存在性.改进了相关文献的方法并推广了其结论.

规范ε-Ricci流下一类几何算子特征值的研究

考虑度量满足规范ε-Ricci流的闭的n维黎曼流形,给出一类几何算子-Δ+c R的特征值的发展方程,其中常数c≥1/4,R是流形上的数量曲率。作为应用,在闭曲面上证明了这类几何算子的特征值沿着规范ε-Ricci流保持单调性,从而推广了前人的相关研究结果。

DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow分离纯化刺芹侧耳木质素降解酶

[目的]为Pleurotus eryngii—Co60-7木质素降解酶的分离纯化和综合利用提供试验依据。[方法]采用DEAE—Sepharose^TM Fast Flow离子交换介质，分别考察缓冲液pH值、流速和洗脱方式等对刺芹侧耳木质素降解酶分离纯化的影响，确定了最佳分离纯化层析条件。[结果]DEAE-Sephalose^TM Fast Flow分离纯化Pleurotus eryngii-Co60-7木质素降解酶的最佳层析条件为：选择20mmol／L，pH值为5．0醋酸钠一醋酸缓冲体系，3ml／min的流速，进行分步洗脱（100、200～300和1000mmoL／L NaCl的三步洗脱），可较好地实现刺芹侧耳发酵液木质素降解酶初分，该纯化操作目标蛋白回收率达85％，纯化分离因素为2．71。[结论]该技术在分离纯化刺芹侧耳木质素降解酶上可行，具有潜在的工业应用价值。

一类具有迷向Ricci曲率的(α,β)-度量

研究了一类具有迷向Ricci曲率的(α,β)-度量F=(α+β)2/α,得到这类(α,β)-度量在n(n≥3)维流形上具有迷向Ricci曲率的充分必要条件.从而证明了在n(n≥3)维时,若这类(α,β)-度量具有常的Ricci曲率,则它的Ricci曲率为零.

ON THE KHLER-RICCI SOLITONS WITH VANISHING BOCHNER-WEYL TENSOR

In this article, we study the steady, shrinking, and expanding Kahler-Ricci solitons with vanishing Bochner-Weyl tensor and prove that, under this condition, the Ricci solitons must have constant holomorphic sectional curvature.

FLOW800技术在STA-MCA分流术治疗烟雾病效果评估中的作用

目的探讨FLOW800技术在判断烟雾病颞浅动脉(STA)-大脑中动脉(MCA)分流术中血管吻合口通畅度及在手术治疗效果评估中的作用。方法回顾性分析2017年4月至2018年11月接STA-MCA分流术治疗的33例烟雾病的临床资料,手术前后应用FLOW800技术评估血管吻合口通畅情况及手术区域灌注改善情况。使用FLOW800软件对感兴趣区(ROI)进行分析,得到时间-荧光强度曲线,其中造影剂由动脉经循环后流至静脉的时间称为局部循环时间(MVTT),手术前后MVTT差值定义为ΔMVTT。结果33例均手术顺利,术中FLOW800分析均显示吻合口通畅。1因吻合口出现未行血管检查,其余32例吻合血管均通畅。术后11例发生并发症,其中低改善组6例(ΔMVTT<3 s),过改善组5例(ΔMVTT>3 s)。过改善组术前MVTT、ΔMVTT明显高于无并发症组和低改善组(P<0.05),而后两组均统计学差异(P>0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线分析结果显示ΔMVTT判断无并发症与低改善的最佳临界时间为1.635 s,敏感度和特异度分别为0.667和0.682;ΔMVTT判断无并发症与过改善的最佳临界时间为3.525 s,敏感度和特异度为别为1.000和0.727。结论FLOW800技术可准确评价烟雾病STA-MCA分流术中吻合口通畅程度,并在术后并发症的预测中起到一定的作用。

Comparison between FLO-2D and Debris-2D on the Application of Assessment of Granular Debris Flow Hazards with Case Study

Numerical simulation has been widely applied to the assessment of debris flow hazards. In East Asia and especially Taiwan, the most widely used numerical programs are FLO-2D and Debris-aD. Although these two programs are applied to the same engineering tasks, they are different in many aspects. These two programs were compared according to their fundamental theories, input and output data, computational algorithms and results. Using both programs, the simulations of a real debris flow with abundant granular material induced by landslides at Xinfa village in southern Taiwan are performed for comparison. The simulation results show that Debris- 2D gives better assessment in hazard area delineating and flow depth predicting. Therefore, Debris-2D is better for simulation of granular debris flows.

具有Ricci曲率平行空间中2-调和超曲面

以Nn+1表示其截面曲率KN满足条件a≤KN≤b的n+1维单连通完备Riem ann流形,且Ricci曲率平行,Mn是Nn+1中的2-调和超曲面,本文给出这类超曲面关于其第二基本形式模长平方S的积分不等式及刚性定理。

Pore-scale study of the pressure-sensitive effect of sandstone and its influence on multiphase flows

The pressure-sensitive effect on the pore structure of sandstone was investigated using X-ray computed micro-tomography and QEMSCAN quantitative mineral analysis. In a physical simulation study, we extracted the pore network model from digital cores at different confining pressures and evaluated the effect of pressure sensitivity on the multiphase displacement process. In both the pore network model and QEMSCAN scanning, the pore structure was observed to be damaged under a high confining pressure. Due to their different scales, the pores and throats exhibited inhomogeneous changes; further, the throats exhibited a significant variation compared to that exhibited by the pores. Meanwhile, the heterogeneity of the pore structure under the two aforementioned activities was aggravated by the elastic-plastic deformation of the pore structure.The pressure-sensitive effect increased the proportion of mineral particles, such as quartz(the main component of the core skeleton), and reduced the proportion of clay minerals. The clay minerals were originally attached to the pore walls or interspersed in the pores; however, as the pressure increased, the clay minerals accumulated in the pores resulting in blockage of the pores. While simulating the multiphase displacement process, increasing the confining pressure was observed to severely restrict the flowability of oil and water. This study promises to improve the efficiency of reservoir development in terms of oil and gas exploitation.

Impact of time lags on diurnal estimates of canopy transpiration and canopy conductance from sap-flow measurements of Populus cathayana in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Recently, canopy transpiration （Ec） has been often estimated by xylem sap-flow measurements. However, there is a significant time lag between sap flow measured at the base of the stem and canopy transpiration due to the capacitive exchange between the transpiration stream and stem water storage. Significant errors will be introduced in canopy conductance （gc） and canopy transpiration estimation if the time lag is neglected. In this study, a cross-correlation analysis was used to quantify the time lag, and the sap flowbased transpiration was measured to pararneterize Jarvistype models of gc and thus to simulate Ec of Populus cathayana using the Penman-Monteith equation. The results indicate that solar radiation （Rs） and vapor pressure deficit （VPD） are not fully coincident with sap flow and have an obvious lag effect; the sap flow lags behind Rs and precedes VPD, and there is a 1-h time shift between Eo and sap flow in the 30-min interval data set. A parameterized Jarvis-type gc model is suitable to predict P. cathayana transpiration and explains more than 80% of the variation observed in go, and the relative error was less than 25%, which shows a preferable simulation effect. The root mean square error （RMSEs） between the predicted and measured Ec were 1.91×10^-3 （with the time lag） and 3.12×10^-3cm h^-1 （without the time lag）. More importantly, Ec simulation precision that incorporates time lag is improved by 6% compared to the results without the time lag, with the mean relative error （MRE） of only 8.32% and the mean absolute error （MAE） of 1.48 × 10^-3 cm h^-1.

A Derivation of the Ricci Flow

In this work, we show that by restricting to the subgroup of time-independent coordinate transformations, then it is possible to derive the Ricci flow from the Bianchi identities. To achieve this, we first show that the field equations of the gravitational field, the Newton’s second law of classical dynamics, and the Maxwell field equations of the electromagnetic field all share the same mathematical structure. Consequently, the Ricci flow itself may be regarded as dynamical equations used to describe physical processes associated with the gravitational field, such as the process of smoothing out irregularities of distribution of matter in space.

From molecular dynamics to lattice Boltzmann:a new approach for pore-scale modeling of multi-phase flow

Most current lattice Boltzmann （LBM） models suffer from the deficiency that their parameters have to be obtained by fitting experimental results. In this paper, we propose a new method that integrates the molecular dynamics （MD） simulation and LBM to avoid such defect. The basic idea is to first construct a molecular model based on the actual components of the rock-fluid system, then to compute the interaction force between the rock and the fluid of different densities through the MD simulation. This calculated rock-fluid interaction force, combined with the fluid-fluid force determined from the equation of state, is then used in LBM modeling. Without parameter fitting, this study presents a new systematic approach for pore-scale modeling of multi-phase flow. We have validated this ap- proach by simulating a two-phase separation process and gas-liquid-solid three-phase contact angle. Based on an actual X-ray CT image of a reservoir core, we applied our workflow to calculate the absolute permeability of the core, vapor-liquid H20 relative permeability, and capillary pressure curves.

Large Eddy Simulations of Flow Instabilities in a Stirred Tank Gen-erated by a Rushton Turbine

The aim of this work is to investigate the flow instabilities in a baffled, stirred tank generated by a single Rushton turbine by means of large eddy simulation （LES）. The sliding mesh method was used for the coupling between the rotating and the stationary frame of references. The calculations were carried out on the ＂Shengcao-21C＂ supercomputer using a computational fluid dynamics （CFD） code CFX5. The flow fields predicted by the LES simulation and the simulation using standard κ-ε model were compared to the results from particle image velocimetry （PIV） measurements. It is shown that the CFD simulations using the LES approach and the standard κ-ε model agree well with the PIV measurements. Fluctuations of the radial and axial velocity are predicted at different frequencies by the LES simulation. Velocity fluctuations of high frequencies are seen in the impeller region, while low frequencies velocity fluctuations are observed in the bulk flow. A low frequency velocity fluctuation with a nondimensional frequency of 0.027Hz is predicted by the LES simulation, which agrees with experimental investigations in the literature. Flow circulation patterns predicted by the LES simulation are asymmetric, stochastic and complex, spanning a large portion of the tanks and varying with time, while circulation patterns calculated by the simulation using the standard κ-ε model are symmetric. The results of the present work give better understanding to the flow instabilities in the mechanically agitated tank. However, further analysis of the LES calculated velocity series by means of fast Fourier transform （FFT） and/or spectra analysis are recommended in future work in order to gain more knowledge of the complicated flow phenomena.

Prediction of flow stress of Ti-15-3 alloy with artificial neural network

Hot compression experiments were conducted on Ti 15 3 alloy specimens using Gleeble 1500 Thermal Simulator.These tests were focused to obtain the flow stress data under various conditions of strain,strain rate and temperature. On the basis of these data, the predicting model for the nonlinear relation between flow stress and deformation strain,strain rate and temperature for Ti 15 3 alloy was developed with a back propagation artificial neural network method. Results show that the neural network can reproduce the flow stress in the sampled data and predict the nonsampled data well. Thus the neural network method has been verified to be used to tackle hot deformation problems of Ti 15 3 alloy. [

Experimental Study on Momentum Transfer of Surface Texture in Taylor-Couette Flow

The behavior of Taylor-Couette （TC） flow has been extensively studied. However, no suitable torque prediction models exist for high-capacity fluid machinery. The Eckhardt-Grossmann-Lohse （EGL） theory, derived based on the Navier-Stokes equations, is proposed to model torque behavior. This are the significant energy theory suggests that surfaces transfer interfaces between cylinders and annular flow. This study mainly focuses on the effects of surface texture on momentum transfer behavior through global torque measurement. First, a power-law torque behavior model is built to reveal the relationship between dimensionless torque and the Taylor number based on the EGL theory. Second, TC flow appa- ratus is designed and built based on the CNC machine tool to verify the torque behavior model. Third, four surface texture films are tested to check the effects of surface texture on momentum transfer. A stereo microscope and three-dimensional topography instrument are employed to analyze surface morphology. Global torque behavior is measured by rotating a multi component dynamometer, and the effects of surface texture on the annular flow behavior are observed via images obtained using a high-speed camera. Finally, torque behaviors under four differentsurface conditions are fitted and compared. The experi- mental results indicate that surface textures have a remarkable influence on torque behavior, and that the peak roughness of surface texture enhances the momentum transfer by strengthening the fluctuation in the TC flow.

Numerical study on three-dimensional flow field of continuously rotating detonation in a toroidal chamber

Gaseous detonation propagating in a toroidal chamber was numerically studied for hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures. The numerical method used is based on the three-dimensional Euler equations with detailed finiterate chemistry. The results show that the calculated streak picture is in qualitative agreement with the picture recorded by a high speed streak camera from published literature. The three-dimensional flow field induced by a continuously rotating detonation was visualized and distinctive features of the rotating detonations were clearly depicted. Owing to the unconfined character of detonation wavelet, a deficit of detonation parameters was observed. Due to the effects of wall geometries, the strength of the outside detonation front is stronger than that of the inside portion. The detonation thus propagates with a constant circular velocity. Numerical simulation also shows three-dimensional rotating detonation structures, which display specific feature of the detonation- shock combined wave. Discrete burning gas pockets are formed due to instability of the discontinuity. It is believed that the present study could give an insight into the interest- ing properties of the continuously rotating detonation, and is thus beneficial to the design of continuous detonation propulsion systems.

Numerical simulation of blood flow and interstitial fluid pressure in solid tumor microcirculation based on tumor-induced angiogenesis

A coupled intravascular-transvascular-interstitial fluid flow model is developed to study the distributions of blood flow and interstitial fluid pressure in solid tumor microcirculation based on a tumor-induced microvascular network. This is generated from a 2D nine-point discrete mathematical model of tumor angiogenesis and contains two parent vessels. Blood flow through the microvascular network and interstitial fluid flow in tumor tissues are performed by the extended Poiseuille＇s law and Darcy＇s law, respectively, transvascular flow is described by Starling＇s law; effects of the vascular permeability and the interstitial hydraulic conductivity are also considered. The simulation results predict the heterogeneous blood supply, interstitial hypertension and low convection on the inside of the tumor, which are consistent with physiological observed facts. These results may provide beneficial information for anti-angiogenesis treatment of tumor and further clinical research.