In terms of the exactly nonzero partition,the reducible projection-system and correlation matrices,two characterizations for a rank three operator in a CSL algebra can be completely decomposed are given.
A map φ on a Lie algebra g is called to be commuting if [φ(x), x] = 0 for all x ∈ g. Let L be a finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra over an algebraically closed field F of characteristic 0, P a parabolic subalgeb...A map φ on a Lie algebra g is called to be commuting if [φ(x), x] = 0 for all x ∈ g. Let L be a finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra over an algebraically closed field F of characteristic 0, P a parabolic subalgebra of L. In this paper, we prove that a linear mapφon P is commuting if and only if φ is a scalar multiplication map on P.展开更多
Using the finite determinacy relation with the regular sequence in the Ring Theory and the complete intersection in Analytic Geometry, the finite indeterminacy of homogeneous polynomial germs under some subgroups R1（...Using the finite determinacy relation with the regular sequence in the Ring Theory and the complete intersection in Analytic Geometry, the finite indeterminacy of homogeneous polynomial germs under some subgroups R1（r） of R in both real and complex case is proven by the homogeneity of the polynomial germs. It results in the finite determinacy of homogeneous polynomial germs needn＇t be discussed respectively.展开更多
One of the reasons for the great success of the finite element method is its versatility to deal with different types of geometries. This is particularly true of problems posed in curved domains. Nevertheless it is we...One of the reasons for the great success of the finite element method is its versatility to deal with different types of geometries. This is particularly true of problems posed in curved domains. Nevertheless it is well-known that, for standard variational formulations, the optimal approximation properties known to hold for polytopic domains are lost, if meshes consisting of ordinary elements are still used in the case of curved domains. That is why method’s isoparametric version for meshes consisting of curved triangles or tetrahedra has been widely employed, especially in case Dirichlet boundary conditions are prescribed all over a curved boundary. However, besides geometric inconveniences, the isoparametric technique helplessly requires the manipulation of rational functions and the use of numerical integration. In this work we consider a simple alternative that bypasses these drawbacks, without eroding qualitative approximation properties. More specifically we work with a variational formulation leading to high order finite element methods based only on polynomial algebra, since they do not require the use of curved elements. Application of the new approach to Lagrange methods of arbitrary order illustrates its potential to take the best advantage of finite-element discretizations in the solution of wide classes of problems posed in curved domains.展开更多
Finite fields form an important chapter in abstract algebra, and mathematics in general, yet the traditional expositions, part of Abstract Algebra courses, focus on the axiomatic presentation, while Ramification Theor...Finite fields form an important chapter in abstract algebra, and mathematics in general, yet the traditional expositions, part of Abstract Algebra courses, focus on the axiomatic presentation, while Ramification Theory in Algebraic Number Theory, making a suited topic for their applications, is usually a separated course. We aim to provide a geometric and intuitive model for finite fields, involving algebraic numbers, in order to make them accessible and interesting to a much larger audience, and bridging the above mentioned gap. Such lattice models of finite fields provide a good basis for later developing their study in a more concrete way, including decomposition of primes in number fields, Frobenius elements, and Frobenius lifts, allowing to approach more advanced topics, such as Artin reciprocity law and Weil Conjectures, while keeping the exposition to the concrete level of familiar number systems. Examples are provided, intended for an undergraduate audience in the first place.展开更多
We investigate decomposition of codes and finite languages. A prime decomposition is a decomposition of a code or languages into a concatenation of nontrivial prime codes or languages. A code is prime if it cannot be ...We investigate decomposition of codes and finite languages. A prime decomposition is a decomposition of a code or languages into a concatenation of nontrivial prime codes or languages. A code is prime if it cannot be decomposed into at least two nontrivial codes as the same for the languages. In the paper, a linear time algorithm is designed, which finds the prime decomposition. If codes or finite languages are presented as given by its minimal deterministic automaton, then from the point of view of abstract algebra and graph theory, this automaton has special properties. The study was conducted using system for computational Discrete Algebra GAP. .展开更多
In this article, the approximate amenability of semigroup algebra e1（S） is investigated, where S is a uniformly locally finite inverse semigroup. Indeed, we show that for a uniformly locally finite inverse semigroup...In this article, the approximate amenability of semigroup algebra e1（S） is investigated, where S is a uniformly locally finite inverse semigroup. Indeed, we show that for a uniformly locally finite inverse semigroup S, the notions of amenability, approximate amenability and bounded approximate amenability of e1（S） are equivalent. We use this to give a direct proof of the approximate amenability of e1 （S） for a Brandt semigroup S. Moreover, we characterize the approximate amenability of e1（S）, where S is a uniformly locally finite band semigroup.展开更多
We prove the reducibility of analytic multipliers M_(φ)with a class of finite Blaschke products symbolφon the Sobolev disk algebra R(D).We also describe their nontrivial minimal reducing subspaces.
In this paper, through a meticulous description of finite root system,a concrete comultiplication with an explicit action on the basis elements of finitedimensional simple Lie algebras of type A; D; E is constructed. ...In this paper, through a meticulous description of finite root system,a concrete comultiplication with an explicit action on the basis elements of finitedimensional simple Lie algebras of type A; D; E is constructed. Then any finitedimensional simple Lie algebra of type A; D; E is endowed with a new generalizedLie coalgebra splitting. This construction verifies the known existence of a co-splitLie structure on any finite dimensional complex simple Lie algebra.展开更多
In this paper, the module coradical is introduced. From this, we show that any Hopf module coalgebra which is local finite can be uniquely decomposed into a direct sum of its indecomposable components. This result is ...In this paper, the module coradical is introduced. From this, we show that any Hopf module coalgebra which is local finite can be uniquely decomposed into a direct sum of its indecomposable components. This result is a generalization of the decompostion theorem of coalgebra.展开更多
We present and analyze a robust preconditioned conjugate gradient method for the higher order Lagrangian finite element systems of a class of elliptic problems. An auxiliary linear element stiffness matrix is chosen t...We present and analyze a robust preconditioned conjugate gradient method for the higher order Lagrangian finite element systems of a class of elliptic problems. An auxiliary linear element stiffness matrix is chosen to be the preconditioner for higher order finite elements. Then an algebraic multigrid method of linear finite element is applied for solving the preconditioner. The optimal condition number which is independent of the mesh size is obtained. Numerical experiments confirm the efficiency of the algorithm.展开更多
For finite rank operators in a commutative subspace lattice algebra alg(?)we introduce the concept of correlation matrices,basing on which we prove that a finite rank operator in alg(?)can be written as a finite sum o...For finite rank operators in a commutative subspace lattice algebra alg(?)we introduce the concept of correlation matrices,basing on which we prove that a finite rank operator in alg(?)can be written as a finite sum of rank-one operators in alg(?),if it has only finitely many different correlation matrices.Thus we can recapture the results of J.R.Ringrose,A.Hopenwasser and R.Moore as corollaries of our theorems.展开更多
Let R(D) be the algebra generated in Sobolev space W22(D) by the rational functions with poles outside the unit disk D. In this paper the multiplication operators Mg on R(D) is studied and it is proved that Mg ～ Mzn ...Let R(D) be the algebra generated in Sobolev space W22(D) by the rational functions with poles outside the unit disk D. In this paper the multiplication operators Mg on R(D) is studied and it is proved that Mg ～ Mzn if and only if g is an n-Blaschke product. Furthermore, if g is an n-Blaschke product, then Mg has uncountably many Banach reducing subspaces if and only if n > 1.展开更多
1 Introduction and main contributions Finite automata are dynamical systems with discrete inputs and outputs, which belong to the domain of logical systems and have a wide range of applications. In engineering, due to...1 Introduction and main contributions Finite automata are dynamical systems with discrete inputs and outputs, which belong to the domain of logical systems and have a wide range of applications. In engineering, due to the excellent hardware qualities of simple structure, low power consumption and low electromagnetic noise, etc., finite automata are used in avionics and nuclear engineering, where the environment is bad and require strict safety. In science, finite automata serve as one of the main molding tools for discrete event dynamic systems (DEDS)(others are Petri nets, Markov chains and queuing networks, etc.). Studying DEDS is one of the major ways to study the cyber physical systems (CPS) which is the core content of Industry 4.0.展开更多
In this paper, we study the structure theory of a class of not-finitely graded Lie alge- bras related to generalized Heisenberg-Virasoro algebras. In particular, the derivation algebras, the automorphism groups and th...In this paper, we study the structure theory of a class of not-finitely graded Lie alge- bras related to generalized Heisenberg-Virasoro algebras. In particular, the derivation algebras, the automorphism groups and the second cohomology groups of these Lie algebras are determined.展开更多
Let A be a finite dimensional, connected, basic algebra over an algebraically closed field. We prove that A is of finite representation type if and only if there is a natural number m such that rad^m（End（M）） = 0, ...Let A be a finite dimensional, connected, basic algebra over an algebraically closed field. We prove that A is of finite representation type if and only if there is a natural number m such that rad^m（End（M）） = 0, for any indecomposable A-modules M. This gives a partial answer to one of problems posed by Skowrofiski.展开更多
A Noetherian(Artinian)Lie algebra satisfies the maximal(minimal)condition for ideals.Generalisations include quasi-Noetherian and quasi-Artinian Lie algebras.We study conditions on prime ideals relating these properti...A Noetherian(Artinian)Lie algebra satisfies the maximal(minimal)condition for ideals.Generalisations include quasi-Noetherian and quasi-Artinian Lie algebras.We study conditions on prime ideals relating these properties.We prove that the radical of any ideal of a quasi-Artinian Lie algebra is the intersection of finitely many prime ideals,and an ideally finite Lie algebra is quasi-Noetherian if and only if it is quasi-Artinian.Both properties are equivalent to soluble-by-finite.We also prove a structure theorem for serially finite Artinian Lie algebras.展开更多
文摘In terms of the exactly nonzero partition,the reducible projection-system and correlation matrices,two characterizations for a rank three operator in a CSL algebra can be completely decomposed are given.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（Ill01084） Supported by the Fujian Province Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A map φ on a Lie algebra g is called to be commuting if [φ(x), x] = 0 for all x ∈ g. Let L be a finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra over an algebraically closed field F of characteristic 0, P a parabolic subalgebra of L. In this paper, we prove that a linear mapφon P is commuting if and only if φ is a scalar multiplication map on P.
文摘Using the finite determinacy relation with the regular sequence in the Ring Theory and the complete intersection in Analytic Geometry, the finite indeterminacy of homogeneous polynomial germs under some subgroups R1（r） of R in both real and complex case is proven by the homogeneity of the polynomial germs. It results in the finite determinacy of homogeneous polynomial germs needn＇t be discussed respectively.
文摘One of the reasons for the great success of the finite element method is its versatility to deal with different types of geometries. This is particularly true of problems posed in curved domains. Nevertheless it is well-known that, for standard variational formulations, the optimal approximation properties known to hold for polytopic domains are lost, if meshes consisting of ordinary elements are still used in the case of curved domains. That is why method’s isoparametric version for meshes consisting of curved triangles or tetrahedra has been widely employed, especially in case Dirichlet boundary conditions are prescribed all over a curved boundary. However, besides geometric inconveniences, the isoparametric technique helplessly requires the manipulation of rational functions and the use of numerical integration. In this work we consider a simple alternative that bypasses these drawbacks, without eroding qualitative approximation properties. More specifically we work with a variational formulation leading to high order finite element methods based only on polynomial algebra, since they do not require the use of curved elements. Application of the new approach to Lagrange methods of arbitrary order illustrates its potential to take the best advantage of finite-element discretizations in the solution of wide classes of problems posed in curved domains.
文摘Finite fields form an important chapter in abstract algebra, and mathematics in general, yet the traditional expositions, part of Abstract Algebra courses, focus on the axiomatic presentation, while Ramification Theory in Algebraic Number Theory, making a suited topic for their applications, is usually a separated course. We aim to provide a geometric and intuitive model for finite fields, involving algebraic numbers, in order to make them accessible and interesting to a much larger audience, and bridging the above mentioned gap. Such lattice models of finite fields provide a good basis for later developing their study in a more concrete way, including decomposition of primes in number fields, Frobenius elements, and Frobenius lifts, allowing to approach more advanced topics, such as Artin reciprocity law and Weil Conjectures, while keeping the exposition to the concrete level of familiar number systems. Examples are provided, intended for an undergraduate audience in the first place.
文摘We investigate decomposition of codes and finite languages. A prime decomposition is a decomposition of a code or languages into a concatenation of nontrivial prime codes or languages. A code is prime if it cannot be decomposed into at least two nontrivial codes as the same for the languages. In the paper, a linear time algorithm is designed, which finds the prime decomposition. If codes or finite languages are presented as given by its minimal deterministic automaton, then from the point of view of abstract algebra and graph theory, this automaton has special properties. The study was conducted using system for computational Discrete Algebra GAP. .
文摘In this article, the approximate amenability of semigroup algebra e1（S） is investigated, where S is a uniformly locally finite inverse semigroup. Indeed, we show that for a uniformly locally finite inverse semigroup S, the notions of amenability, approximate amenability and bounded approximate amenability of e1（S） are equivalent. We use this to give a direct proof of the approximate amenability of e1 （S） for a Brandt semigroup S. Moreover, we characterize the approximate amenability of e1（S）, where S is a uniformly locally finite band semigroup.
文摘We prove the reducibility of analytic multipliers M_(φ)with a class of finite Blaschke products symbolφon the Sobolev disk algebra R(D).We also describe their nontrivial minimal reducing subspaces.
基金The Anhui Province College Excellent Young Talents Fund(2013SQRL071ZD)
文摘In this paper, through a meticulous description of finite root system,a concrete comultiplication with an explicit action on the basis elements of finitedimensional simple Lie algebras of type A; D; E is constructed. Then any finitedimensional simple Lie algebra of type A; D; E is endowed with a new generalizedLie coalgebra splitting. This construction verifies the known existence of a co-splitLie structure on any finite dimensional complex simple Lie algebra.
文摘In this paper, the module coradical is introduced. From this, we show that any Hopf module coalgebra which is local finite can be uniquely decomposed into a direct sum of its indecomposable components. This result is a generalization of the decompostion theorem of coalgebra.
文摘We present and analyze a robust preconditioned conjugate gradient method for the higher order Lagrangian finite element systems of a class of elliptic problems. An auxiliary linear element stiffness matrix is chosen to be the preconditioner for higher order finite elements. Then an algebraic multigrid method of linear finite element is applied for solving the preconditioner. The optimal condition number which is independent of the mesh size is obtained. Numerical experiments confirm the efficiency of the algorithm.
文摘For finite rank operators in a commutative subspace lattice algebra alg(?)we introduce the concept of correlation matrices,basing on which we prove that a finite rank operator in alg(?)can be written as a finite sum of rank-one operators in alg(?),if it has only finitely many different correlation matrices.Thus we can recapture the results of J.R.Ringrose,A.Hopenwasser and R.Moore as corollaries of our theorems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10471041)
文摘Let R(D) be the algebra generated in Sobolev space W22(D) by the rational functions with poles outside the unit disk D. In this paper the multiplication operators Mg on R(D) is studied and it is proved that Mg ～ Mzn if and only if g is an n-Blaschke product. Furthermore, if g is an n-Blaschke product, then Mg has uncountably many Banach reducing subspaces if and only if n > 1.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U 1804150, 61573199)the 2018 Henan Province Science and Technique Foundation (182102210045).
文摘1 Introduction and main contributions Finite automata are dynamical systems with discrete inputs and outputs, which belong to the domain of logical systems and have a wide range of applications. In engineering, due to the excellent hardware qualities of simple structure, low power consumption and low electromagnetic noise, etc., finite automata are used in avionics and nuclear engineering, where the environment is bad and require strict safety. In science, finite automata serve as one of the main molding tools for discrete event dynamic systems (DEDS)(others are Petri nets, Markov chains and queuing networks, etc.). Studying DEDS is one of the major ways to study the cyber physical systems (CPS) which is the core content of Industry 4.0.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11431010,11371278 and 11271284)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Grant No.12XD1405000)
文摘In this paper, we study the structure theory of a class of not-finitely graded Lie alge- bras related to generalized Heisenberg-Virasoro algebras. In particular, the derivation algebras, the automorphism groups and the second cohomology groups of these Lie algebras are determined.
基金Supported by the Education Department Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant No04C469)
文摘Let A be a finite dimensional, connected, basic algebra over an algebraically closed field. We prove that A is of finite representation type if and only if there is a natural number m such that rad^m（End（M）） = 0, for any indecomposable A-modules M. This gives a partial answer to one of problems posed by Skowrofiski.
文摘A Noetherian(Artinian)Lie algebra satisfies the maximal(minimal)condition for ideals.Generalisations include quasi-Noetherian and quasi-Artinian Lie algebras.We study conditions on prime ideals relating these properties.We prove that the radical of any ideal of a quasi-Artinian Lie algebra is the intersection of finitely many prime ideals,and an ideally finite Lie algebra is quasi-Noetherian if and only if it is quasi-Artinian.Both properties are equivalent to soluble-by-finite.We also prove a structure theorem for serially finite Artinian Lie algebras.
