Large-for-size syndrome prophylaxis in infant liver recipients with low body mass

Transplantation of the left lateral section(LLS)of the liver is now an established practice for treating advanced diffuse and unresectable focal liver diseases in children,with variants of the LLS primarily used in infants.However,the surgical challenge of matching the size of an adult donor's graft to the volume of a child's abdomen remains significant.This review explores historical developments,various approaches to measuring the required functional liver mass,and techniques to prevent complications associated with large-for-size grafts in infants.

660 nm激光照射对肥胖小鼠代谢的影响实验研究

目的:探究660 nm激光照射对肥胖小鼠代谢水平的影响。方法:24只C57BL/6J小鼠随机分成对照组(8只)和高脂饮食组(16只)。高脂饮食组成功造成肥胖模型后,再次随机分为模型组和660 nm激光照射组(PBMT组),每组8只。PBMT组以每天照射1次的频率进行干预,在此期间对照组使用正常饲料喂养,模型组和PBMT组使用高脂肪饲料喂养。观察小鼠体重、耐寒能力、空腹血糖、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(CRE)、总胆固醇(CHO)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)等指标变化;测量腹股沟白色脂肪组织(iWAT)和附睾白色脂肪组织(eWAT)重量。结果:与对照组比较,模型组体重上升,耐寒能力降低,空腹血糖、ALT、AST水平升高,iWAT、eWAT重量上升(均P<0.05)。与模型组比较,PBMT组体重下降,耐寒能力提升,空腹血糖、ALT、AST水平下降,BUN水平升高,iWAT、eWAT重量下降(均P<0.05)。结论:660 nm激光照射能够降低肥胖小鼠体重,提高葡萄糖、脂质代谢水平,保护肝功能,降低血糖并减少腹部脂肪堆积。

小麦品种南麦660的遗传构成解析

为明确优质弱筋小麦品种南麦660的遗传构成,利用小麦55 K芯片对南麦660及其双亲3911和M49进行了全基因组SNP位点扫描分析。结果表明:母本3911和父本M49对南麦660的遗传贡献率在全基因组水平上差异较大,存在偏向单一亲本遗传。3911对南麦660的遗传贡献率为59.08%,高于M49的遗传贡献率(40.92%)。母本3911对A、B、D基因组的贡献率分别为36.56%、72.85%和57.93%,父本M49对A、B、D基因组的贡献率分别为63.44%、27.15%和42.07%。母本3911在7A、1B、2B、3B、4B、5B、7B、2D、3D、5D和7D染色体上的遗传贡献率高于M49,其中在2B和4B染色体上的遗传贡献率分别为93.53%、81.40%;父本M49在2A、4A、5A、6A、6B、1D和4D染色体上的遗传贡献率高于母本3911,其中在4A和1D染色体上的遗传贡献率分别为94.15%、82.11%。重要功能基因的竞争性等位基因特异性PCR(KASP)标记分析发现,南麦660不仅聚合了6个高千粒质量基因TaGS2A1、TaGS2B1、TaGS5、TaGW2-6B、TaTGW7和Tacwi等位类型,还携带有1-feh w3、Lr34抗逆抗病基因。本研究解析了优质弱筋小麦品种南麦660的遗传构成,在分子水平上为南麦660的遗传改良提供了理论参考。

Population size estimates based on GPS telemetry

DEAR EDITOR,Accurate estimation of population size is a crucial issue in wildlife population ecology and conservation.While Global Positioning System(GPS)collars are well recognized as an effective method for monitoring wildlife behavior,their application in direct wildlife population size estimation remains underutilized.In this study,GPS telemetry was employed to survey a rhesus macaque(Macaca mulatta)population on Neilingding Island in Guangdong,China.From May 2021 to April 2022,32 macaques across nine groups were fitted with GPS collars,producing a dataset of 109739 location fixes.Analyzing data from all tracked individuals revealed the annual home ranges of the nine groups.

240 nm AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet micro-LEDs:size effect versus edge effect

240 nm AlGaN-based micro-LEDs with different sizes are designed and fabricated.Then,the external quantum efficiency(EQE)and light extraction efficiency(LEE)are systematically investigated by comparing size and edge effects.Here,it is revealed that the peak optical output power increases by 81.83%with the size shrinking from 50.0 to 25.0μm.Thereinto,the LEE increases by 26.21%and the LEE enhancement mainly comes from the sidewall light extraction.Most notably,transversemagnetic(TM)mode light intensifies faster as the size shrinks due to the tilted mesa side-wall and Al reflector design.However,when it turns to 12.5μm sized micro-LEDs,the output power is lower than 25.0μm sized ones.The underlying mechanism is that even though protected by SiO2 passivation,the edge effect which leads to current leakage and Shockley-Read-Hall(SRH)recombination deteriorates rapidly with the size further shrinking.Moreover,the ratio of the p-contact area to mesa area is much lower,which deteriorates the p-type current spreading at the mesa edge.These findings show a role of thumb for the design of high efficiency micro-LEDs with wavelength below 250 nm,which will pave the way for wide applications of deep ultraviolet(DUV)micro-LEDs.

Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Thermal Infrared Stealth in PVTMS@MWCNT Nano‑Aerogel via Abundant Nano‑Sized Cavities and Attenuation Interfaces

Pre-polymerized vinyl trimethoxy silane(PVTMS)@MWCNT nano-aerogel system was constructed via radical polymerization,sol-gel transition and supercritical CO_(2)drying.The fabricated organic-inorganic hybrid PVTMS@MWCNT aerogel structure shows nano-pore size(30-40 nm),high specific surface area(559 m^(2)g^(−1)),high void fraction(91.7%)and enhanced mechanical property:(1)the nano-pore size is beneficial for efficiently blocking thermal conduction and thermal convection via Knudsen effect(beneficial for infrared(IR)stealth);(2)the heterogeneous interface was beneficial for IR reflection(beneficial for IR stealth)and MWCNT polarization loss(beneficial for electromagnetic wave(EMW)attenuation);(3)the high void fraction was beneficial for enhancing thermal insulation(beneficial for IR stealth)and EMW impedance match(beneficial for EMW attenuation).Guided by the above theoretical design strategy,PVTMS@MWCNT nano-aerogel shows superior EMW absorption property(cover all Ku-band)and thermal IR stealth property(ΔT reached 60.7℃).Followed by a facial combination of the above nano-aerogel with graphene film of high electrical conductivity,an extremely high electromagnetic interference shielding material(66.5 dB,2.06 mm thickness)with superior absorption performance of an average absorption-to-reflection(A/R)coefficient ratio of 25.4 and a low reflection bandwidth of 4.1 GHz(A/R ratio more than 10)was experimentally obtained in this work.

A data-driven model of drop size prediction based on artificial neural networks using small-scale data sets

An artificial neural network(ANN)method is introduced to predict drop size in two kinds of pulsed columns with small-scale data sets.After training,the deviation between calculate and experimental results are 3.8%and 9.3%,respectively.Through ANN model,the influence of interfacial tension and pulsation intensity on the droplet diameter has been developed.Droplet size gradually increases with the increase of interfacial tension,and decreases with the increase of pulse intensity.It can be seen that the accuracy of ANN model in predicting droplet size outside the training set range is reach the same level as the accuracy of correlation obtained based on experiments within this range.For two kinds of columns,the drop size prediction deviations of ANN model are 9.6%and 18.5%and the deviations in correlations are 11%and 15%.

Effects of spot size on the operation mode of Ga As photoconductive semiconductor switch employing extrinsic photoconductivity

To guide the illuminating design to improve the on-state performances of gallium arsenide(GaAs)photoconductive semiconductor switch(PCSS),the effect of spot size on the operation mode of GaAsPCSS based on a semi-insulating wafer with a thickness of 1 mm,triggered by a 1064-nm extrinsic laser beam with the rectangular spot,has been investigated experimentally.It is found that the variation of the spot size in length and width can act on the different parts of the output waveform integrating the characteristics of the linear and nonlinear modes,and then significantly boosts the PCSS toward different operation modes.On this basis,a two-channel model containing the active and passive parts is introduced to interpret the relevant influencing mechanisms.Results indicate that the increased spot length can peak the amplitude of static domains in the active part to enhance the development of the nonlinear switching,while the extended spot width can change the distribution of photogenerated carriers on both parts to facilitate the linear switching and weaken the nonlinear switching,which have been proved by comparing the domain evolutions under different spot sizes.

660MW锅炉燃烧与中速磨参数匹配控制技术研究及应用

在当前能源结构日益复杂和环保要求不断提高的背景下,660MW锅炉燃烧与中速磨参数匹配的研究显得尤为重要。660MW大型火力发电机组是电力系统中的重要组成部分,其燃烧效率直接影响到电力生产的经济性和环境影响。通过深入研究燃烧与磨煤的参数匹配,可以有效提高燃料的利用率,降低氮氧化物和颗粒物排放,实现绿色、高效发电。

Extended wet sieving method for determination of complete particle size distribution of general soils

The traditional standard wet sieving method uses steel sieves with aperture?0.063 mm and can only determine the particle size distribution(PSD)of gravel and sand in general soil.This paper extends the traditional method and presents an extended wet sieving method.The extended method uses both the steel sieves and the nylon filter cloth sieves.The apertures of the cloth sieves are smaller than 0.063 mm and equal 0.048 mm,0.038 mm,0.014 mm,0.012 mm,0.0063 mm,0.004 mm,0.003 mm,0.002 mm,and 0.001 mm,respectively.The extended method uses five steps to separate the general soil into many material sub-groups of gravel,sand,silt and clay with known particle size ranges.The complete PSD of the general soil is then calculated from the dry masses of the individual material sub-groups.The extended method is demonstrated with a general soil of completely decomposed granite(CDG)in Hong Kong,China.The silt and clay materials with different particle size ranges are further examined,checked and verified using stereomicroscopic observation,physical and chemical property tests.The results further confirm the correctness of the extended wet sieving method.

某电厂660MW超超临界锅炉过热器和再热器欠温原因分析

火力发电锅炉实际运行中,常常存在一次汽和二次汽欠温的问题,这两个问题都会对锅炉安全和经济运行带来较大影响。本文以某电厂660MW超超临界锅炉为例,重点分析造成锅炉一次汽和二次汽欠温的原因,为同类型机组改造提供参考和借鉴。

660MW超超临界循环流化床机组主厂房布置研究

作为一种先进的低碳发电技术,超超临界循环流化床机组具有广阔的市场前景。本文结合某660 MW超超临界循环流化床机组工程实际对主厂房布置进行研究。通过对方案1(三列式前煤仓)和方案2(四列式前煤仓)进行技术比较,推荐采用方案1作为主厂房布置方案。推荐的主厂房布置方案采取了除氧间、煤仓间合并布置的方式,降低了主厂房的占地面积和容积,减少了4大管道的投资,在工程设计上是经济可行的,为大容量超超临界循环流化床机组主厂房布置提供了参考。

miR-660-3p靶向NFAM1对RSV诱导支气管上皮细胞凋亡及炎症因子分泌的影响

目的探讨微小RNA-660-3p(miR-660-3p)靶向具有ITAM基序1的NFAT活化蛋白(NFAM1)对呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)诱导支气管上皮细胞凋亡和炎症因子分泌的影响。方法体外传代培养人支气管上皮细胞16HBE。取对数生长期16HBE细胞,随机分为对照组、RSV组、miR-660-3p+RSV组、miR-NC+RSV组、pcDNA-NC+RSV组、pcDNA-NFAM1+RSV组、miR-660-3p+pcDNA-NC+RSV组、miR-660-3p+pcDNA-NFAM1+RSV组,miR-NC+RSV组转染NC mimics,miR-660-3p+RSV组转染miR-660-3p mimics,pcDNA-NFAM1+RSV组转染pcDNA-NFAM1,pcDNA-NC+RSV组转染pcDNA-NC,miR-660-3p+pcDNA-NC+RSV组共转染pcDNA-NC和miR-660-3p mimics,miR-660-3p+pcDNA-NFAM1+RSV组共转染pcDNA-NFAM1和miR-660-3p mimics,对照组和RSV组不予转染;除对照组外,其余各组均予RSV感染,MOI设定为0.0001。收集各组细胞,采用RT-qPCR法检测miR-660-3p、NFAM1 mRNA表达,采用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,采用Western blotting法检测Cleaved-Caspase-3、NFAM1蛋白表达;收集各组培养上清液,采用ELISA法检测TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β。通过starBase数据库预测NFAM1与miR-660-3p的靶向结合位点,并采用双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证miR-660-3p与NFAM1的靶向调控关系。结果与对照组比较,RSV组miR-660-3p表达降低,NFAM1 mRNA与蛋白及Cleaved-Caspase-3蛋白表达升高,细胞凋亡率及培养上清液TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平升高(P均<0.05)。与miR-NC+RSV组比较,miR-660-3p+RSV组miR-660-3p表达升高,Cleaved-Caspase-3蛋白表达以及细胞凋亡率和培养上清液TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平降低(P均<0.05)。与pcDNA-NC+RSV组比较,pcDNA-NFAM1+RSV组NFAM1 mRNA、Cleaved-Caspase-3蛋白表达以及细胞凋亡率和培养上清液TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平升高(P均<0.05)。经starBase数据库预测,NFAM1的3′非翻译区存在与miR-660-3p的结合位点。双荧光素酶报告基因实验结果显示,相较于共转染NC mimics与NFAM1-WT的16HBE细胞,共转染miR-660-3p mimics与NFAM1-WT的16HBE细胞荧光素酶活性下降(P<0.05);相较于共转染NC mimics与NFAM1-MUT的16HBE细胞,共转染miR-660-3p mimics与NFAM1-MUT的16HBE细胞荧光素酶活性变化不明显(P>0.05)。与miR-660-3p+pcDNA-NC+RSV组比较,miR-660-3p+pcDNA-NFAM1+RSV组Cleaved-Caspase-3蛋白表达以及细胞凋亡率和培养上清液TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平升高(P均<0.05)。结论miR-660-3p可通过靶向负调控NFAM1抑制RSV诱导支气管上皮细胞凋亡及炎症因子分泌。

660 MW机组给水泵汽轮机出力不足问题分析及解决

某660 MW机组高负荷工况下存在加负荷能力不足的问题,严重影响了机组的AGC性能。综合现场运行条件及影响因素进行分析发现,是由于给水泵小汽轮机流量计的节流作用会直接影响到蒸汽管道内流场特性,导致给水泵汽轮机进口压力低、出力不足,进而引发的该问题,并给出了用A+K平衡流量计替代现有流量计的问题解决方法。实验结果表明:相对于现有流量计的边缘节流方式,A+K平衡流量计的平衡节流方式可实现对蒸汽管道内的流场优化,有效减少蒸汽管路因测量而产生的压降,不仅可以提高机组高负荷工况下的加载能力,而且还具有良好的经济性。这对改善大功率调峰调频机组给水泵轮机出力性能具有重要的工程参考价值。

THE MECHANISM FOR NANOMETER-SIZED TiC SYNTHESIZING BY MECHANICAL & THERMAL ACTIVATION PROCESSING

A novel process for synthesizing nano-ceramics powders, named mechanical & therm al activation processing, is discussed in the present paper. It is a processing based on thermal activation in liquid phase (molten salt) after mechanical activ ation. The nanometer-sized TiC particles (15-20nm) have been synthesized by the method, and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscop e (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion X-ray (EDX) sp ectroscopy. An interface interaction between liquid (molten salt) and solid (fin al product particles) phases plays a dominating role for the control of product particles size. The mechanism for the formation of nanometer-sized TiC particles has been discussed.

No basalt accumulation and segregation atop the 660-km discontinuity beneath the Sea of Okhotsk

Recent seismic evidence shows that basalt accumulation is widespread in the mantle transition zone(MTZ),yet its ubiquity or sporadic nature remains uncertain.To investigate this phenomenon further,we characterized the velocity structure across the 660-km discontinuity that separates the upper mantle from the lower mantle beneath the Sea of Okhotsk by modeling the waveform of the S660P phase,a downgoing S wave converting into a P wave at the 660-km interface.These waves were excited by two regional>410-km-deep events and were recorded by stations in central Asia.Our findings showed no need to introduce velocity anomalies at the base of the MTZ to explain the S660P waveforms because the IASP91 model adequately reproduced the waveforms.This finding indicates that the basalt accumulation has not affected the bottom of the MTZ in the study area.Instead,this discontinuity is primarily controlled by temperature or water content variations,or both.Thus,we argue that the basalt accumulation at the base of the MTZ is sporadic,not ubiquitous,reflecting its heterogeneous distribution.

Determination method of mesh size for numerical simulation of blast load in near-ground detonation

In order to improve the overall resilience of the urban infrastructures, it is required to conduct blast resistant design for important building structures in the city. For complex terrain in the city, it is recommended to determine the blast load on the structures via numerical simulation. Since the mesh size of the numerical model highly depends on the explosion scenario, there is no generally applicable approach for the mesh size selection. An efficient method to determine the mesh size of the numerical model of near-ground detonation based on explosion scenarios is proposed in this study. The effect of mesh size on the propagation of blast wave under different explosive weights was studied, and the correlations between the mesh size effect and the charge weight or the scaled distance was described. Based on the principle of the finite element method and Hopkinson-Cranz scaling law, a mesh size measurement unit related to the explosive weight was proposed as the criterion for determining the mesh size in the numerical simulation. Finally, the applicability of the method proposed in this paper was verified by comparing the results from numerical simulation and the explosion tests and was verified in AUTODYN.

miR-660-5p调控P53对高糖诱导的肾小球系膜细胞损伤的影响

目的探索miR-660-5p调控P53对高糖诱导的肾小球系膜细胞损伤的影响。方法首先将肾小球系膜细胞SV40-MES-13细胞分为2组:对照组和高糖组,用于分析高糖对SV40-MES-13细胞活性及miR-660-5p/P53表达的影响。然后将高糖处理过后的SV40-MES-13细胞分为4组:miR NC组、miR-660-5p mimic组、si NC组与si P53组。实时荧光定量PCR实验检测SV40-MES-13细胞中miR-660-5p和P53的表达水平;噻唑蓝试剂法(MTT)分析SV40-MES-13细胞的生长能力;原位末端标记法(TUNEL)以及流式细胞术分析SV40-MES-13细胞的凋亡率;Targetscan检索以及荧光素酶报告基因实验分析SV40-MES-13细胞中miR-660-5p与P53的靶向作用关系;蛋白质印迹分析P53蛋白的表达。结果与对照组比较,高糖处理后导致SV40-MES-13细胞增殖活性降低,凋亡率增加,miR-660-5p表达降低而P53表达增加。与miR-660-5p NC组比较,miR-660-5p mimic处理后的SV40-MES-13细胞增殖活性增加,凋亡率降低。与si NC组比较,si P53处理后的SV40-MES-13细胞增殖活性增加,凋亡率降低。miR-660-5p与P53存在结合域,且能抑制P53表达。结论高糖处理肾小球系膜细胞后,miR-660-5p表达水平降低,P53表达水平增加,上调肾小球系膜细胞的miR-660-5p的表达后,高糖处理后的肾小球系膜细胞增殖活性增加,凋亡率下降,并且miR-660-5p的这一作用与抑制P53的表达相关。

某660MW超超临界工程深度调峰改造技术方案

近些年国家大力发展新能源发电,传统火力发电机组已不可避免的承担起深度调峰的任务。为顺应国家电力发展大趋势,以某电厂660MW超超临界机组深度调峰改造为例,介绍相关改造方案。通过技术改造,达到了锅炉20%额定负荷的深度调峰的目标,为后续同类型机组深度调峰改造提供参考和借鉴方案。

New complex physiological findings evolve hypothesized mechanisms of Dravet syndrome

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies(DEEs)are neurological disorders generally involving medically intractable seizures and a diverse array of comorbid neuropsychiatric delays and deficits that may severely affect cognition,mood,sleep,social behavior,movement control,learning,and/or memory.Dravet syndrome(DS),also known as Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy of Infancy.