不同温度对紫色不结球白菜生理生化指标的影响

以紫色不结球白菜品种‘紫艺’为试验材料,利用人工气候箱,采用盆栽法研究不同温度(5℃、25℃和35℃)处理对其脯氨酸含量、活性氧含量、抗氧化酶活性和抗坏血酸循环系统的影响。结果表明:在5℃低温条件下,随着处理时间的延长,‘紫艺’的脯氨酸和H2 O2含量、SOD、CAT、APX和GR活性呈逐渐升高的趋势,O2·-产生速率、AsA和GSSG含量先增后减,而POD活性和GSH含量则持续下降;在35℃高温条件下,H2 O2和GSSG含量、POD和APX活性呈上升趋势,脯氨酸含量、O2·-产生速率、SOD、CAT和GR活性先增后减,而AsA和GSH含量持续降低;在适宜的25℃条件下,植株的各个指标均比较平稳,变化不大。试验表明:高温和低温均会诱导紫色不结球白菜体内活性氧的增加,抗氧化酶系统和谷胱甘肽循环系统发生响应,促使植物提高响应温度变化胁迫的能力。

Development of Tuckahoe (Poria cocos) Purple Potato Steamed Sponge Cake

This study was conducted to find the optimum process conditions for tuck- ahoe （Poria cocos） purple potato steamed sponge cake. The results showed that the best production process conditions of tuckahoe purple potato steamed sponge cake were as follows： ratio of wheat flour to tuckahoe power at 8：2, 10% purple potato starch, 25% white granulated sugar, and 1.5% yeast powder.

Optimization of Extraction Technology of Pigments from Petals of Matthiola incana(L.)R.Br.of Different Colors

[ Objective] The paper aimed to study the optimum extraction technology of pigments from petals of Matthiola incana（ L. ） R. Br. of differ- ent colors. [Method] Petal pigments of Aida variety （white violet）, Francesco variety （ red violet） and Arabella variety （ purple violet） were ana- lyzed by colorimetric reaction method and ultraviolet-visible spectrum method, and the optimum extraction technology of flavonoid compounds from petals of them was determined by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. [ Result] The optimum extraction conditions of white violet were as follows： with 95% ethanol ＋ 5% HCI as solvent, solid-liquid ratio （ 1 ： 40）, extraction time （3 h）, extraction temperature （65 ℃ ）. The opti- mum extraction conditions of red violet and purple violet were as follows： with acetone as solvent, solid-liquid ratio （1：40）, extraction time （3 h）, extraction temperature （65 ℃）. [ Conclusion] The study provided theoretical foundation for further development and exploitation of pigments from M. incana（ L. ） R. Br.

Effects of Plant Density on the Economic Yield and Agronomic Characters of Perilla frutescens L.

Perilla frutescens L. is a traditional medicinal plant in china. In recent years, with more and more attention is paid to the nutritional and health values of Perilla frutescens L, it has become a potential medicinal and edible crop. Two Per- ilia frutescens cultivars, Qisu No.1 （oil type） and Qisu No.3 （leaf and seed-using type）, bred by Rapeseed Research Institute of Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, were used as test material for studying the effects of different planting density on the economic yield and agronomic characters of Perilla frutescens L. under moderate fertility level. The results showed the variation tendency of agro- nomic characters with the change of planting density was similar for the two Perilla frutescens cultivars. Among them, the plant height, main-stem nods, first effective branch length, first effective branch height, spikes per plant, and yield per plant were negatively related to the planting density; and main spike length and main- spike grains were positively related to the planting density. The effects of planting density on kilo-grain weight were not significant. The yield of the two cuitivars all increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting density. The re- gression analysis of planting density versus yield of Perilla frutescens L. was per- formed for obtaining the regression equations （Qisu No.l： y=54.046 5＋96.777 lx- 45.719 8x2, r=0.999 4; Qisu No.3：y=38.717 6＋42.111 3x-16.757 7x2, r=0.999 8）. Based on the regression equations, the optimal planting density for Qisu No.1 was 158 745 plants/hm2 with peak yield of 1 578.90 kg/hm2, and for Qisu No.3 was 188 745 plants/hm2 with peak yield of 977.55 kg/hm2. Under the optimal planting density, Qisu No.3 could also harvest 3 000 kg/hm2 of Perilla frutescens dry leaves and 2 400 kg/hm2 of Perilla frutescens stems. This research would provide an important reference for the promotion, high-yield cultivation and comprehensive utilization of Perilla frutescens L.

Effect of Process Parameters on Co-precipitation of Paclitaxel and Poly(L-lactic Acid) by Supercritical Antisolvent Process

Paclitaxel(PTX) is an effective anticancer drug with poor solubility in water.Recently,much effort has been devoted into alternative formulations of PTX for improving its aqueous solubility.In this study,PTX and poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA) were co-precipitated by a supercritical antisolvent(SAS) process using dichloromethane(DCM) and the mixtures of DCM/ethanol(EtOH) or DCM/dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) as the solvent,with super-critical carbon dioxide as the antisolvent.The effects of solvent,solvent ratio,temperature,pressure,polymer con-centration and solution flow rate on particle morphology,mass median diameter(Dp50) and PTX loading were in-vestigated using single-factor method.The particle samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),laser diffraction particle size analyzer and high pressure liquid chromatogra-phy(HPLC).XRD results indicate that the micronized PTX is dispersed into the PLLA matrix in an amorphous form.SEM indicates that the solvent and the solvent ratio have great effect on the particle morphologies,and particle morphology is good at the volume ratio of DCM/EtOH of 50/50.For the mixed DCM/EtOH solvent,Dp50 increases with the increase of the temperature,pressure,PLLA concentration and solution flow rate,and PTX loading in-creases with pressure.Suitable operating conditions for the experimental system are as follows:DCM/EtOH 50/50(by volume),35 ℃,10-12 MPa,PLLA concentration of 5 g·L-1 and solution flow rate of 0.5 ml·min-1.

Study on Microwave Preparation of Conjugated Linoleic Acid from Corn Germ Oil

[Objective] The optimal craft of preparing conjugated linoleic acid from corn germ oil by dint of microwave method was studied. [Meth- od] Microwave power, microwave mode of action, the amount of catalyst and solvent were selected for single-factor-experiment. Then, based on the single-factor-experiment, the catalyst and solvent amount, and microwave function time were chosen for orthogonal experiment so as to deter- mine the optimal craft of preparing CLA from corn germ oil. UV absorption spectra and infrared absorption spectrum were used to analyse the struc- tural features of natural corn germ oil and CLA. [Resalt] The optimal preparation condition was as follow： the catalyst was 0.6 times heavier than oil, solvent was 3 times heavier than oil weight, microwave worked for ten minutes. Under the optimal condition, CLA was 56.3% and conversion rate was 99.47 %. The results indicated that non-conjugated double bonds of linoleic acid can be isomerized and changed into conjugated double bonds under the conditions of microwave irradiation,[ Conduslon] The study provided a new way for the preparation of CLA.

An Effective Method for Total RNA Isolation from Bamboo

Trizol reagent was used for RNA isolation from fresh leaves of Dendrocalamopsis oldhami, Bambusa ventricosa and Phyllostachys aureosulcata cv. Pekinensis. The extracted RNA from leaves had the normal ultraviolet absorption, the value of OD260/OD280 varied between 1.8-2.0. The 28s rRNA was more than two times brighter than 18s rRNA in electrophoresis. These results indicated thal the total RNA was complete and not degraded. According to our experiments, RNA could be obtained simply with this method, and can be used for molecular manipulation such as cDNA synthesis and gene cloning.