Cladosporium cladosporioides is an emerging pathogenic fungus that causes Cladosporium rot in postharvest table grapes(Vitis vinifera). However,studies investigating the infection process of C. cladosporioides are lac...Cladosporium cladosporioides is an emerging pathogenic fungus that causes Cladosporium rot in postharvest table grapes(Vitis vinifera). However,studies investigating the infection process of C. cladosporioides are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the infection process by investigating the influence of microclimatic parameters(temperature, wetness and fungal age) in C. cladosporioides pathogenesis, activities of grape defense-related enzymes and grape quality during the infection. C. cladosporioides effectively infects grapes by developing distinct colonies on the artificial wounds and berry surfaces, completing its life cycle within 48 h. The C. cladosporioides disease incidence optimally occurred at 20 ℃ and 25 ℃. Wetness played an influential role in the infectivity of C. cladosporioides and 7-day-old C. cladosporioides resulted in the most serious disease incidence of table grapes. As a result of infection, the quality of grapes was affected, including berry weight, p H, titratable acidity(TA), total soluble solids(TSS), and ascorbic acid level. This infection also induced defense-related enzymes, including polyphenoloxidase(PPO), peroxidase(POD), phenylalanine ammonialyase(PAL), and catalase(CAT), at certain times. The findings of this study demonstrated that Cladosporium rot development depended on the microclimatic parameters of grapes, significantly affected the grape quality and induced grape's defense-related enzymes.展开更多
Aroma is an important quality trait of grapes and often the focus of consumers,viticulturists and grapevine breeders.Kyoho is a hybrid between Vitis vinifera and Vitis labrusca with a strawberry-like scent,while 87-1 ...Aroma is an important quality trait of grapes and often the focus of consumers,viticulturists and grapevine breeders.Kyoho is a hybrid between Vitis vinifera and Vitis labrusca with a strawberry-like scent,while 87-1 is an early-ripening mutant of Muscat hamburg,belonging to Vitis vinifera,with a rose scent.In this study,we compared their aroma compositions and concentrations during berry development by headspace-SPME combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and analyzed the expression differences of enzyme-encoding genes in the LOX-HPL,MEP and MVA metabolic pathways by qRT-PCR.Twelve esters were detected in Kyoho during the whole berry development and they were abundant after veraison,but no esters were detected in 87-1 berries.Linalool was the dominant terpene among the 14 terpenes detected in 87-1 berries,while limited amounts of terpenes were detected in Kyoho berries.qRT-PCR analysis indicated that the low expression of VvAAT might explain the low content of ester volatiles in 87-1 berries,and the low expression of coding genes in the MEP pathway,especially VvPNLin Ner1,might be the reason for the low content of volatile terpenes in Kyoho berries.The results from this work will promote our understanding of aroma metabolic mechanisms of grapes,and offer some suggestions for grape aromatic quality improvement.展开更多
With‘Kyoho’grapes as the experimental material,the effects of different concentrations of chlorine dioxide(5,10 and 15 mg/L)and ozone(30,60and 90 mg/m^(3))fumigation on the contents of total phenols,proanthocyanidin...With‘Kyoho’grapes as the experimental material,the effects of different concentrations of chlorine dioxide(5,10 and 15 mg/L)and ozone(30,60and 90 mg/m^(3))fumigation on the contents of total phenols,proanthocyanidins and malondialdehyde(MDA)and the activity of polyphenol oxidase(PPO),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the grapes during low temperature storage were compared and analyzed,hoping to provide reference for the storage and preservation of‘Kyoho’grapes after harvest.The results showed that compared with the control,certain concentrations of fumigant preservatives inhibited the degradation of total phenols and proanthocyanidins in‘Kyoho’grapes to varying degrees,maintained better cell membrane integrity,and inhibited the increase of MDA content and PPO activity,and in the later stage,more stable POD and higher activity of CAT and SOD were maintained.Comprehensive analysis showed that among the six fumigation treatments,10 mg/L ClO_(2)and 60 mg/m^(3)O_(3)could delay the aging process of grapes and maintain better antioxidant capacity and storage quality.展开更多
Through the investigation of the current production situation,regional distribution,variety structure,production organization and existing problems of table grapes in Henan Province,this paper conducted an in-depth an...Through the investigation of the current production situation,regional distribution,variety structure,production organization and existing problems of table grapes in Henan Province,this paper conducted an in-depth analysis on the advantages and disadvantages of the development of table grapes industry in Henan Province.In view of the current problems and development trend,it came up with some pertinent recommendations,including transforming the concept of cultivation,adhering to the principle of"high-quality varieties,standardized cultivation,mechanized management,large-scale operation,and diversified market",strengthening brand building,and promote the integrated development of the primary,secondary and tertiary industries,so as to promote the change of table grape industry in Henan Province from"quantitative scale model"to"quality benefit model",and promote its sustainable and high-quality development.展开更多
基金the financial support received from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31950410556, 31901743, and 31971795)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (Grant No. PAPD-2018-87)。
文摘Cladosporium cladosporioides is an emerging pathogenic fungus that causes Cladosporium rot in postharvest table grapes(Vitis vinifera). However,studies investigating the infection process of C. cladosporioides are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the infection process by investigating the influence of microclimatic parameters(temperature, wetness and fungal age) in C. cladosporioides pathogenesis, activities of grape defense-related enzymes and grape quality during the infection. C. cladosporioides effectively infects grapes by developing distinct colonies on the artificial wounds and berry surfaces, completing its life cycle within 48 h. The C. cladosporioides disease incidence optimally occurred at 20 ℃ and 25 ℃. Wetness played an influential role in the infectivity of C. cladosporioides and 7-day-old C. cladosporioides resulted in the most serious disease incidence of table grapes. As a result of infection, the quality of grapes was affected, including berry weight, p H, titratable acidity(TA), total soluble solids(TSS), and ascorbic acid level. This infection also induced defense-related enzymes, including polyphenoloxidase(PPO), peroxidase(POD), phenylalanine ammonialyase(PAL), and catalase(CAT), at certain times. The findings of this study demonstrated that Cladosporium rot development depended on the microclimatic parameters of grapes, significantly affected the grape quality and induced grape's defense-related enzymes.
基金by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD1000200)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-profit Scientific Institution+1 种基金the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP2015-RIP-04)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-29-zp)。
文摘Aroma is an important quality trait of grapes and often the focus of consumers,viticulturists and grapevine breeders.Kyoho is a hybrid between Vitis vinifera and Vitis labrusca with a strawberry-like scent,while 87-1 is an early-ripening mutant of Muscat hamburg,belonging to Vitis vinifera,with a rose scent.In this study,we compared their aroma compositions and concentrations during berry development by headspace-SPME combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and analyzed the expression differences of enzyme-encoding genes in the LOX-HPL,MEP and MVA metabolic pathways by qRT-PCR.Twelve esters were detected in Kyoho during the whole berry development and they were abundant after veraison,but no esters were detected in 87-1 berries.Linalool was the dominant terpene among the 14 terpenes detected in 87-1 berries,while limited amounts of terpenes were detected in Kyoho berries.qRT-PCR analysis indicated that the low expression of VvAAT might explain the low content of ester volatiles in 87-1 berries,and the low expression of coding genes in the MEP pathway,especially VvPNLin Ner1,might be the reason for the low content of volatile terpenes in Kyoho berries.The results from this work will promote our understanding of aroma metabolic mechanisms of grapes,and offer some suggestions for grape aromatic quality improvement.
基金Supported by Fund of Shanghai Agricultural Products Preservation Processing Engineering Technology Research Center(19DZ2251600)Fund of Shanghai Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Professional Technical Service Platform(18DZ2291300)。
文摘With‘Kyoho’grapes as the experimental material,the effects of different concentrations of chlorine dioxide(5,10 and 15 mg/L)and ozone(30,60and 90 mg/m^(3))fumigation on the contents of total phenols,proanthocyanidins and malondialdehyde(MDA)and the activity of polyphenol oxidase(PPO),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the grapes during low temperature storage were compared and analyzed,hoping to provide reference for the storage and preservation of‘Kyoho’grapes after harvest.The results showed that compared with the control,certain concentrations of fumigant preservatives inhibited the degradation of total phenols and proanthocyanidins in‘Kyoho’grapes to varying degrees,maintained better cell membrane integrity,and inhibited the increase of MDA content and PPO activity,and in the later stage,more stable POD and higher activity of CAT and SOD were maintained.Comprehensive analysis showed that among the six fumigation treatments,10 mg/L ClO_(2)and 60 mg/m^(3)O_(3)could delay the aging process of grapes and maintain better antioxidant capacity and storage quality.
基金Characteristic Forest and Fruit Special Project of Science and Technology Support Action Plan for"Regional Distribution,Large-scale Operation,Standardized Production,and Industrialized Development of High-quality Wheat,Peanuts,Grass and Livestock,Fruits and Vegetable Industries in Henan Province(202004)Project for Co-construction of Modern Agriculture Comprehensive Demonstration County between Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Counties(Yu Nong Ke[2021]No.30).
文摘Through the investigation of the current production situation,regional distribution,variety structure,production organization and existing problems of table grapes in Henan Province,this paper conducted an in-depth analysis on the advantages and disadvantages of the development of table grapes industry in Henan Province.In view of the current problems and development trend,it came up with some pertinent recommendations,including transforming the concept of cultivation,adhering to the principle of"high-quality varieties,standardized cultivation,mechanized management,large-scale operation,and diversified market",strengthening brand building,and promote the integrated development of the primary,secondary and tertiary industries,so as to promote the change of table grape industry in Henan Province from"quantitative scale model"to"quality benefit model",and promote its sustainable and high-quality development.
