This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for adopting suitable cultivation measures to tackle calcium (Ca) deficiency in citrus leaves. The Newhall navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) canopy was sprayed w...This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for adopting suitable cultivation measures to tackle calcium (Ca) deficiency in citrus leaves. The Newhall navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) canopy was sprayed with 20.0 mmol L-1 of Ca(NO3)2 during physiological fruit drop period, fruit expanding period, and fruit maturing period on 30, 90, and 210 days after full bloom (DAFB), respectively, and its effects on leaf gas exchange parameters and leaf mineral nutrition and fruit quality were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The photosynthetic rate (ACO2) at 9:00 a.m. and 16:00 p.m. of fruit expanding period with 30 and 90 DAFB Ca(NO3)2treatments slightly or significantly improved mainly by decreasing stomatal limitation and nonstomatal limitation, respectively. (2) Compared with control (CK), the Ca concentration in leaves with 30, 90, and 240 DAFB Ca(NO3)2 treatments increased by 127.16; 97.53, and 33.33%, respectively, and the leaf magnesium concentra- tion also increased by more than 32.26%. However, Ca(NO3)2 canopy spraying on 30 DAFB significantly reduced the leaf potassium concentration, by 22.14% compared with CK. (3) Ca(NO3)2 canopy spraying on 30 DAFB decreased the second fruit drop rate by 30.55% and increased the weight per fruit by 25.04%, thus resulting in a significant increase in citrus yield. (4) Spraying Ca(NO3) on 30 DAFB mainly affected the metabolism of titratable acid (TA) to improve the maturity of citrus fruits. Whilst it improved the external quality and the coloring of citrus fruit significantly. Therefore, Ca(NO3)2 canopy spraying during physiological fruit drop period has a better influence on the tree character and fruit quality of Newhall navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck).展开更多
The present study investigates the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of juice from the Gannan navel orange, which is harvested at one-to two-week intervals during the ripening period. The total soluble sol...The present study investigates the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of juice from the Gannan navel orange, which is harvested at one-to two-week intervals during the ripening period. The total soluble solid(TSS), total polyphenol content(TPC), total flavonoid content(TFC), sucrose and hesperidin contents gradually increase with the ripening of the fruit, followed by slight declines at the late maturity stage. Contrary to these observations, the contents of titratable acid(TA), vitamin C(Vc), and limonin trend downward throughout the ripening period. However, the contents of fructose, glucose, and narirutin fluctuate throughout the harvest time. Three in vitro antioxidant assays consistently indicate that the harvest time exerts no significant influence(P>0.01) on the antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, principal component analysis(PCA) and Pearson’s correlation test are performed to provide an overview of the complete dataset.This study provides valuable information for evaluating the fruit quality and determining when to harvest the fruit in order to meet the preferences of consumers. Meanwhile, our observations suggest that the fruits subjected to juice processing should be harvested at the late maturity stage to alleviate the "delayed bitterness" problem without compromising the antioxidant capacity and the flavonoid content in the juice.展开更多
This study was to search for an approach for rapid measurement of orange vitamin C (Vc) content. By using different decomposing levels of Daubechies 3 wavelet transform, the near-infrared spectra signals obtained fr...This study was to search for an approach for rapid measurement of orange vitamin C (Vc) content. By using different decomposing levels of Daubechies 3 wavelet transform, the near-infrared spectra signals obtained from intact fruits of 100 navel orange samples were denoised, and the results of the predicted Vc contents for the corresponding samples determined by the reconstructed spectra after denoising were validated by means of PLS-CV (partial least squared-cross validation). It was shown that the prediction effects verified by PLS-CV analysis varied when different wavelet transform decomposing levels were employed. At the wavelet decomposing level 4, the best prediction effect was obtained, with the correlation coefficient R between the prediction and true values being 0.9574 and the expected variance RMSECV being as low as 3.9 mg 100 g^-1. Furthermore, the 11 different approaches for the pretreatment of the near-infrared spectrum were compared. It was found that the calibration model established by PLS using spectra pretreated by wavelet transform denoising provided the best prediction for Vc content, exhibiting the highest correlation between the prediction and true values by cross validation. In conclusion, the near infrared spectral model denoised by means of wavelet transform can be used for accurate, rapid, and nondestructive quantitative analysis on navel orange Vc content.展开更多
In order to provide reference for the sustainable development of Gannan navel orange industry,this paper analyzed constraints of quality and marketing of Gannan navel orange. From developing the dominant area of the n...In order to provide reference for the sustainable development of Gannan navel orange industry,this paper analyzed constraints of quality and marketing of Gannan navel orange. From developing the dominant area of the navel orange and ensuring high quality healthy development of navel orange,it came up with sustainable development recommendations for Gannan navel orange industry,to realize high quality,efficient,and deep development of Gannan navel orange industry in both the area and quantity,and change from simple planting and sales to fresh fruit sales,deep processing,and tourism combined development.展开更多
Zinc (Zn) deficiency is widespread among citrus plants, but information about the mechanisms for Zn deficiency response in these plants is scarce. In the present study, different navel orange (Citrus sinensis (L....Zinc (Zn) deficiency is widespread among citrus plants, but information about the mechanisms for Zn deficiency response in these plants is scarce. In the present study, different navel orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) leaves with various yellowing levels were sampled in our experimental orchard, and upon estimation of nutrient contents, Zn deficiencies were diagnosed as mild, moderate, and severe. Further analysis of chlorophyll content, photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, and expression levels of Zn/Iron-regulated transporter-like protein (ZIP) family genes were conducted in the sampled Zn-deficient leaves. The results showed that chlorophyll contents and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) seemed to decrease with reduced Zn contents. In addition, comparison of severe Zn-deficient and normal leaves revealed that activities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) increased significantly, whereas that of Zn-containing enzymes such as Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) significantly reduced with decreasing Zn contents. As expected, expression of the ZIP family genes, ZIP1, ZIP3, and ZIP4, was induced by Zn deficiencies. These results deepen our understanding of Zn deficiency in citrus plants as well as provide useful preliminary information for further research.展开更多
Selection of rootstock is very important for citrus production. Besides its major role on resistance, the rootstock also can affect fruit production and quality. Currently, the main concerns on selection of rootstock ...Selection of rootstock is very important for citrus production. Besides its major role on resistance, the rootstock also can affect fruit production and quality. Currently, the main concerns on selection of rootstock for citrus production are compatibility and resistance, due to less information on the impacts of rootstock to the performance of scion varieties. This study aims to provide information on performances of navel orange varieties on different rootstocks. Three late-ripening navel orange varieties(Citrus sinensis var. Powell, Chislett and Banfield) grafted on seven rootstocks(Swingle citrumelo(C. paradisi× P. trifoliata), Carrizo citrange(C. sinensis×P. trifoliata), X639(C. reticulata×P. trifoliata), MXT(C. sinensis×P. trifoliata), Hongju(C. reticulata), Ziyang Xiangcheng(C. junos) and trifoliate orange(P. trifoliata)) were used as plant materials for comprehensive comparison of the performances on tree growth, fruit yield and quality in 21 scion–stock combinations. Investigation was carried out in these combinations in field nine years after planting. Vigorous growth of all the three late-ripening navel orange varieties was observed on Carrizo citrange with the largest canopy volume at 33.34 m3 and the highest yield at 29.43 kg per tree, but a low yield efficiency at 2.87 kg m–3. On the contrary, those on trifoliate orange had the smallest canopy volume at 10.79 m3 and the lowest fruit yield at 12.51 kg per tree, but the highest yield efficiency at 3.95 kg m–3. Rootstocks did not show significant effects on fruit size, fruit shape index, peel thickness and the edible rate of the fruits, but fruit quality was significantly affected by the rootstocks. Fruits from the trees grafted on trifoliate orange presented the best quality with significantly higher total soluble solids(TSS) content than those on Ziyang Xiangcheng and Hongju, and also the highest ratio of TSS/titratable acidity(TA). The TA content was observed from the fruits on X639 at 0.59 g 100 mL–1. Vitamin C(Vc) content of fruits on Hongju was the highest at 49.25 mg 100 mL–1. Growth vigor of the trees was positively correlated with fruit yield at an extremely significant level. The canopy volume was negatively correlated with yield efficiency, but positively correlated with compatibility index. Results of this study indicated that the rootstock has great impacts on the growth vigor of the tree, yield efficiency and quality of the fruit. In order to achieve good quality and yield efficiency for navel orange production, less growth vigor rootstock such as trifoliate orange is highly recommended.展开更多
The total content of light rare earth elements( LREEs) in the soil of navel orange orchards of Gannan area is greater than that of heavy rare earth elements( HREEs). Appropriate content of LREE can not only promote th...The total content of light rare earth elements( LREEs) in the soil of navel orange orchards of Gannan area is greater than that of heavy rare earth elements( HREEs). Appropriate content of LREE can not only promote the growth of navel oranges,and it is also conducive to human health. On the basis of exploring the correlations between the content of LREE in the soil of navel orange orchards of Gannan area and the contents of LREE in navel orange leaves and fruit,the influence mechanism of LREEs on the quality of navel oranges was revealed. In this study,with two Newhall navel orange orchards with different soil LREEs background levels in Xinfeng County as the research object,the changes in the content of LREE( lanthanum,La; cerium,Ce; praseodymium,Pr; neodymium,Nd) in leaves and fruit of navel orange at different growth stages were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry( ICP-MS),and the correlations between the content of LREE in the soil,navel orange leaves and navel orange fruit were studied. The results showed that the contents of the four kinds of LREEs in the soil ranked as Ce > La > Nd > Pr,and there were significant differences among them( P < 0. 01). Navel orange leaves and fruit have selective and heterogenic absorption for LREEs. At different growth stages,La showed the highest accumulation amount in the leaves and fruit of navel orange; and the content of LREE in the leaves of navel orange increased first and then decreased,while that in the fruit of navel orange showed continuous decrease. During the migration of LREEs from soil to leaves to fruit,the content of LREE decreased rapidly as the migration distance increased. The accumulation amount of LREE in navel orange was positively correlated with the content of LREE in the soil. The correlation between the content of LREE in the leaves and fruit of navel orange was greatest. Among the four kinds of LREEs,the correlation of La was greatest,followed by Ce,indicating that the accumulation amount of LREE in the navel orange body was affected by the element types.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to analyze the differences of genes and genome methylation between‘lane late’navel orange and it’s bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange,and to reveal the causes of bud sport.[Methods]Amplif...[Objectives]The paper was to analyze the differences of genes and genome methylation between‘lane late’navel orange and it’s bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange,and to reveal the causes of bud sport.[Methods]Amplification fragment length polymorphism(AFLP)and methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism(MSAP)were used to analyze the differences in genes and genome methylation of‘lane late’navel orange and its bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange.[Results]Gene mutation occurred between the‘lane late’navel orange and its bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange.A total of 15 differential bands were obtained by AFLP markers,and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 6.0000%.Meantime,10 differential bands were obtained by MSAP markers,and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 5.4645%.The semimethylation rate and permethylation rate of‘lane late’navel orange were higher than that of pumpkin-like navel orange,that is,pumpkin-like navel orange had demethylation(demethylation ratio was 1.6393%).[Conclusions]It is proved at the DNA level that the emergence of bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange is due to gene mutation,and the DNA methylation level of the bud sport material has also changed.This study lays a foundation for further exploring the mechanism of bud sport.展开更多
Ridge cultivation can effectively enhance soil permeability,promote root development and improve fruit quality. Based on the characteristics of Lane Late navel orange,this paper summarizes the technical points related...Ridge cultivation can effectively enhance soil permeability,promote root development and improve fruit quality. Based on the characteristics of Lane Late navel orange,this paper summarizes the technical points related to ridge cultivation and compares the effects of ridge cultivation and conventional cultivation on the growth,so as to provide guidance for better production practices.展开更多
The rapid development of Gannan navel orange industry has made it become a regional superior industry in China. However,with the rapid expansion of the planting scale,the market dilemma of " vast planting but low...The rapid development of Gannan navel orange industry has made it become a regional superior industry in China. However,with the rapid expansion of the planting scale,the market dilemma of " vast planting but low income" of navel orange growers is increasingly deteriorating,and Gannan navel orange industrial system is to be further transformed and upgraded. Taking the quality and marketing as the bottleneck of industrial development,this paper analyzed factors influencing these two aspects. It came up with recommendations,including building superior regions,improving industrial quality and safety,and stressing multi-dimensional marketing,relying on government,enterprises,scientific research institutions,colleges and universities,non-governmental organizations,and navel orange growers,to promote high efficient and sustainable development of Gannan navel orange industry.展开更多
China's orange export was mainly concentrated in Jiangxi,Guangxi,Guangdong,Yunnan,and Fujian.The annual output of Jiangxi Gannan navel orange ranks first in the whole China,but the export competitiveness is not ve...China's orange export was mainly concentrated in Jiangxi,Guangxi,Guangdong,Yunnan,and Fujian.The annual output of Jiangxi Gannan navel orange ranks first in the whole China,but the export competitiveness is not very prominent.In view of this,this paper compared the regional market advantages,export performance,export growth rate and export price of Gannan navel orange between Yunnan,Guangxi,Guangdong and Fujian.Through comparative analysis,it discussed the main problems in the development of Gannan navel orange.On the basis of learning development experience of orange industry of Guangxi,Guangdong,Fujian,and Yunnan,it came up with recommendations for improving export competitiveness of Gannan navel orange.展开更多
In Egypt, oranges are the most important citrus crops for local consumption or export. It represents approximately 72.2% of the total Egyptian citrus production in 2019/2020. The main cultivated variety of orange is t...In Egypt, oranges are the most important citrus crops for local consumption or export. It represents approximately 72.2% of the total Egyptian citrus production in 2019/2020. The main cultivated variety of orange is the Washington navel orange and it is more popular because of its delicious taste, nutrition, and its seedless besides being rich in vitamin C. Washington navel orange is susceptible to fruit cracking, and it is a common physiological disorder that takes place during fruit development. This work aims to investigate the negative effect of fruit cracking in reducing the yield and quality of Washington navel orange produced in Egypt by studying major economic indicators and estimating an economical evaluation of using treatment of Washington navel orange during the period time of 2007/2008 until 2019/2020. Results showed that fruit areas and production of Washington navel orange represented about 52.9% and 53.2% of fruit areas and production of orange during the study period. However, the yield was unstable with a significant annual growth rate of about 1.1%. Also, the last mentioned treatment achieved a high price for farmers by about 5.1% and total revenue of about 3.2% during the study period. Nowadays, Egypt has become the largest exporter of oranges in the world within the last year and the achieved earnings reached $661 million in 2019/2020. In addition, results showed that evaluation of using a treatment to reduce the rate of Washington navel orange cracking was economical to be applied.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,31470408)the Science and Technology Support Project of Chongqing,China(cstc2014fazktjcsf 80031)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(XDJK2016 A012XDJK2013 A002)
文摘This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for adopting suitable cultivation measures to tackle calcium (Ca) deficiency in citrus leaves. The Newhall navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) canopy was sprayed with 20.0 mmol L-1 of Ca(NO3)2 during physiological fruit drop period, fruit expanding period, and fruit maturing period on 30, 90, and 210 days after full bloom (DAFB), respectively, and its effects on leaf gas exchange parameters and leaf mineral nutrition and fruit quality were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The photosynthetic rate (ACO2) at 9:00 a.m. and 16:00 p.m. of fruit expanding period with 30 and 90 DAFB Ca(NO3)2treatments slightly or significantly improved mainly by decreasing stomatal limitation and nonstomatal limitation, respectively. (2) Compared with control (CK), the Ca concentration in leaves with 30, 90, and 240 DAFB Ca(NO3)2 treatments increased by 127.16; 97.53, and 33.33%, respectively, and the leaf magnesium concentra- tion also increased by more than 32.26%. However, Ca(NO3)2 canopy spraying on 30 DAFB significantly reduced the leaf potassium concentration, by 22.14% compared with CK. (3) Ca(NO3)2 canopy spraying on 30 DAFB decreased the second fruit drop rate by 30.55% and increased the weight per fruit by 25.04%, thus resulting in a significant increase in citrus yield. (4) Spraying Ca(NO3) on 30 DAFB mainly affected the metabolism of titratable acid (TA) to improve the maturity of citrus fruits. Whilst it improved the external quality and the coloring of citrus fruit significantly. Therefore, Ca(NO3)2 canopy spraying during physiological fruit drop period has a better influence on the tree character and fruit quality of Newhall navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck).
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860091)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China(20171BCB24011)+1 种基金the Open Foundation of National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orangethe Research Foundation of Ganzhou,Jiangxi,China(2017179 and 201960)。
文摘The present study investigates the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of juice from the Gannan navel orange, which is harvested at one-to two-week intervals during the ripening period. The total soluble solid(TSS), total polyphenol content(TPC), total flavonoid content(TFC), sucrose and hesperidin contents gradually increase with the ripening of the fruit, followed by slight declines at the late maturity stage. Contrary to these observations, the contents of titratable acid(TA), vitamin C(Vc), and limonin trend downward throughout the ripening period. However, the contents of fructose, glucose, and narirutin fluctuate throughout the harvest time. Three in vitro antioxidant assays consistently indicate that the harvest time exerts no significant influence(P>0.01) on the antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, principal component analysis(PCA) and Pearson’s correlation test are performed to provide an overview of the complete dataset.This study provides valuable information for evaluating the fruit quality and determining when to harvest the fruit in order to meet the preferences of consumers. Meanwhile, our observations suggest that the fruits subjected to juice processing should be harvested at the late maturity stage to alleviate the "delayed bitterness" problem without compromising the antioxidant capacity and the flavonoid content in the juice.
文摘This study was to search for an approach for rapid measurement of orange vitamin C (Vc) content. By using different decomposing levels of Daubechies 3 wavelet transform, the near-infrared spectra signals obtained from intact fruits of 100 navel orange samples were denoised, and the results of the predicted Vc contents for the corresponding samples determined by the reconstructed spectra after denoising were validated by means of PLS-CV (partial least squared-cross validation). It was shown that the prediction effects verified by PLS-CV analysis varied when different wavelet transform decomposing levels were employed. At the wavelet decomposing level 4, the best prediction effect was obtained, with the correlation coefficient R between the prediction and true values being 0.9574 and the expected variance RMSECV being as low as 3.9 mg 100 g^-1. Furthermore, the 11 different approaches for the pretreatment of the near-infrared spectrum were compared. It was found that the calibration model established by PLS using spectra pretreated by wavelet transform denoising provided the best prediction for Vc content, exhibiting the highest correlation between the prediction and true values by cross validation. In conclusion, the near infrared spectral model denoised by means of wavelet transform can be used for accurate, rapid, and nondestructive quantitative analysis on navel orange Vc content.
基金Supported by Project of Gannan Normal University "Interprovincial Comparison of Export Competitiveness of Gannan Navel Orange"(15kyw09)Student Innovation Project of Gannan Normal University in 2016(84)
文摘In order to provide reference for the sustainable development of Gannan navel orange industry,this paper analyzed constraints of quality and marketing of Gannan navel orange. From developing the dominant area of the navel orange and ensuring high quality healthy development of navel orange,it came up with sustainable development recommendations for Gannan navel orange industry,to realize high quality,efficient,and deep development of Gannan navel orange industry in both the area and quantity,and change from simple planting and sales to fresh fruit sales,deep processing,and tourism combined development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301742, 31201587)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing of China (CSTC2013JCYJA80018)+1 种基金the Special Fund of Chongqing Key Laboratory (CSTC)China and the Earmarked Fund of China Agricultural Research System (CARS-27-02A), China
文摘Zinc (Zn) deficiency is widespread among citrus plants, but information about the mechanisms for Zn deficiency response in these plants is scarce. In the present study, different navel orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) leaves with various yellowing levels were sampled in our experimental orchard, and upon estimation of nutrient contents, Zn deficiencies were diagnosed as mild, moderate, and severe. Further analysis of chlorophyll content, photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, and expression levels of Zn/Iron-regulated transporter-like protein (ZIP) family genes were conducted in the sampled Zn-deficient leaves. The results showed that chlorophyll contents and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) seemed to decrease with reduced Zn contents. In addition, comparison of severe Zn-deficient and normal leaves revealed that activities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) increased significantly, whereas that of Zn-containing enzymes such as Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) significantly reduced with decreasing Zn contents. As expected, expression of the ZIP family genes, ZIP1, ZIP3, and ZIP4, was induced by Zn deficiencies. These results deepen our understanding of Zn deficiency in citrus plants as well as provide useful preliminary information for further research.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD1000101 and2018YFD0201503)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-26)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(XDJK2016B024)the National Citrus Engineering Research Center,China (NCERC)the earmarked fund for Chongqing Special&Economic Agriculture Research System on Late Maturation Citrus,Chinathe Basic Research and Frontier Exploration Projects in Chongqing,China(cstc2018jcyjAX0400)。
文摘Selection of rootstock is very important for citrus production. Besides its major role on resistance, the rootstock also can affect fruit production and quality. Currently, the main concerns on selection of rootstock for citrus production are compatibility and resistance, due to less information on the impacts of rootstock to the performance of scion varieties. This study aims to provide information on performances of navel orange varieties on different rootstocks. Three late-ripening navel orange varieties(Citrus sinensis var. Powell, Chislett and Banfield) grafted on seven rootstocks(Swingle citrumelo(C. paradisi× P. trifoliata), Carrizo citrange(C. sinensis×P. trifoliata), X639(C. reticulata×P. trifoliata), MXT(C. sinensis×P. trifoliata), Hongju(C. reticulata), Ziyang Xiangcheng(C. junos) and trifoliate orange(P. trifoliata)) were used as plant materials for comprehensive comparison of the performances on tree growth, fruit yield and quality in 21 scion–stock combinations. Investigation was carried out in these combinations in field nine years after planting. Vigorous growth of all the three late-ripening navel orange varieties was observed on Carrizo citrange with the largest canopy volume at 33.34 m3 and the highest yield at 29.43 kg per tree, but a low yield efficiency at 2.87 kg m–3. On the contrary, those on trifoliate orange had the smallest canopy volume at 10.79 m3 and the lowest fruit yield at 12.51 kg per tree, but the highest yield efficiency at 3.95 kg m–3. Rootstocks did not show significant effects on fruit size, fruit shape index, peel thickness and the edible rate of the fruits, but fruit quality was significantly affected by the rootstocks. Fruits from the trees grafted on trifoliate orange presented the best quality with significantly higher total soluble solids(TSS) content than those on Ziyang Xiangcheng and Hongju, and also the highest ratio of TSS/titratable acidity(TA). The TA content was observed from the fruits on X639 at 0.59 g 100 mL–1. Vitamin C(Vc) content of fruits on Hongju was the highest at 49.25 mg 100 mL–1. Growth vigor of the trees was positively correlated with fruit yield at an extremely significant level. The canopy volume was negatively correlated with yield efficiency, but positively correlated with compatibility index. Results of this study indicated that the rootstock has great impacts on the growth vigor of the tree, yield efficiency and quality of the fruit. In order to achieve good quality and yield efficiency for navel orange production, less growth vigor rootstock such as trifoliate orange is highly recommended.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31760551)Jiangxi Natural Science Foundation(20152ACB21002)Collaborative Innovation Special Funds of Jiangxi Academy of Sciences(2013-XTPH1-05)
文摘The total content of light rare earth elements( LREEs) in the soil of navel orange orchards of Gannan area is greater than that of heavy rare earth elements( HREEs). Appropriate content of LREE can not only promote the growth of navel oranges,and it is also conducive to human health. On the basis of exploring the correlations between the content of LREE in the soil of navel orange orchards of Gannan area and the contents of LREE in navel orange leaves and fruit,the influence mechanism of LREEs on the quality of navel oranges was revealed. In this study,with two Newhall navel orange orchards with different soil LREEs background levels in Xinfeng County as the research object,the changes in the content of LREE( lanthanum,La; cerium,Ce; praseodymium,Pr; neodymium,Nd) in leaves and fruit of navel orange at different growth stages were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry( ICP-MS),and the correlations between the content of LREE in the soil,navel orange leaves and navel orange fruit were studied. The results showed that the contents of the four kinds of LREEs in the soil ranked as Ce > La > Nd > Pr,and there were significant differences among them( P < 0. 01). Navel orange leaves and fruit have selective and heterogenic absorption for LREEs. At different growth stages,La showed the highest accumulation amount in the leaves and fruit of navel orange; and the content of LREE in the leaves of navel orange increased first and then decreased,while that in the fruit of navel orange showed continuous decrease. During the migration of LREEs from soil to leaves to fruit,the content of LREE decreased rapidly as the migration distance increased. The accumulation amount of LREE in navel orange was positively correlated with the content of LREE in the soil. The correlation between the content of LREE in the leaves and fruit of navel orange was greatest. Among the four kinds of LREEs,the correlation of La was greatest,followed by Ce,indicating that the accumulation amount of LREE in the navel orange body was affected by the element types.
基金Supported by Open Project Foundation of National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center(2019-03)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20212ACB205001)。
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to analyze the differences of genes and genome methylation between‘lane late’navel orange and it’s bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange,and to reveal the causes of bud sport.[Methods]Amplification fragment length polymorphism(AFLP)and methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism(MSAP)were used to analyze the differences in genes and genome methylation of‘lane late’navel orange and its bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange.[Results]Gene mutation occurred between the‘lane late’navel orange and its bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange.A total of 15 differential bands were obtained by AFLP markers,and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 6.0000%.Meantime,10 differential bands were obtained by MSAP markers,and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 5.4645%.The semimethylation rate and permethylation rate of‘lane late’navel orange were higher than that of pumpkin-like navel orange,that is,pumpkin-like navel orange had demethylation(demethylation ratio was 1.6393%).[Conclusions]It is proved at the DNA level that the emergence of bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange is due to gene mutation,and the DNA methylation level of the bud sport material has also changed.This study lays a foundation for further exploring the mechanism of bud sport.
文摘Ridge cultivation can effectively enhance soil permeability,promote root development and improve fruit quality. Based on the characteristics of Lane Late navel orange,this paper summarizes the technical points related to ridge cultivation and compares the effects of ridge cultivation and conventional cultivation on the growth,so as to provide guidance for better production practices.
基金Supported by Project of Gannan Normal University"Interprovincial Comparison of Export Competitiveness of Gannan Navel Orange"(15kyw09)2016 Youth Program of Social Science Planning Project of Jiangxi Province"Study on Crossing over the Middle Income Trap and Development Path of Higher Education"(16JY38)
文摘The rapid development of Gannan navel orange industry has made it become a regional superior industry in China. However,with the rapid expansion of the planting scale,the market dilemma of " vast planting but low income" of navel orange growers is increasingly deteriorating,and Gannan navel orange industrial system is to be further transformed and upgraded. Taking the quality and marketing as the bottleneck of industrial development,this paper analyzed factors influencing these two aspects. It came up with recommendations,including building superior regions,improving industrial quality and safety,and stressing multi-dimensional marketing,relying on government,enterprises,scientific research institutions,colleges and universities,non-governmental organizations,and navel orange growers,to promote high efficient and sustainable development of Gannan navel orange industry.
文摘China's orange export was mainly concentrated in Jiangxi,Guangxi,Guangdong,Yunnan,and Fujian.The annual output of Jiangxi Gannan navel orange ranks first in the whole China,but the export competitiveness is not very prominent.In view of this,this paper compared the regional market advantages,export performance,export growth rate and export price of Gannan navel orange between Yunnan,Guangxi,Guangdong and Fujian.Through comparative analysis,it discussed the main problems in the development of Gannan navel orange.On the basis of learning development experience of orange industry of Guangxi,Guangdong,Fujian,and Yunnan,it came up with recommendations for improving export competitiveness of Gannan navel orange.
文摘In Egypt, oranges are the most important citrus crops for local consumption or export. It represents approximately 72.2% of the total Egyptian citrus production in 2019/2020. The main cultivated variety of orange is the Washington navel orange and it is more popular because of its delicious taste, nutrition, and its seedless besides being rich in vitamin C. Washington navel orange is susceptible to fruit cracking, and it is a common physiological disorder that takes place during fruit development. This work aims to investigate the negative effect of fruit cracking in reducing the yield and quality of Washington navel orange produced in Egypt by studying major economic indicators and estimating an economical evaluation of using treatment of Washington navel orange during the period time of 2007/2008 until 2019/2020. Results showed that fruit areas and production of Washington navel orange represented about 52.9% and 53.2% of fruit areas and production of orange during the study period. However, the yield was unstable with a significant annual growth rate of about 1.1%. Also, the last mentioned treatment achieved a high price for farmers by about 5.1% and total revenue of about 3.2% during the study period. Nowadays, Egypt has become the largest exporter of oranges in the world within the last year and the achieved earnings reached $661 million in 2019/2020. In addition, results showed that evaluation of using a treatment to reduce the rate of Washington navel orange cracking was economical to be applied.