Somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases(SERKs)are receptor-like proteins that contain leucine-rich repeats and are involved in various signaling pathways.This study identified SERK family members in the Paulownia ...Somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases(SERKs)are receptor-like proteins that contain leucine-rich repeats and are involved in various signaling pathways.This study identified SERK family members in the Paulownia fortunei genome and analyzed their characteristics and expression profiles using bioinformatics methods.We identified 12 SERK genes with relatively conserved gene structures and motifs that were distributed unevenly on eight Paulownia chromosomes.The gene promoters contained various cis-acting elements that regulated the expression of the PfSERK genes in response to hormones and abiotic stresses.Synteny analysis indicated that 10 segmental duplication events had occurred during evolution of the PfSERK family.The expression profile of PfSERKs in various tissues of Paulownia fortunei was detected by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR).Many PfSERK genes can respond to drought and salt stress.Combined with RNA-seq and protein interaction network,it is speculated that PfSERK3/11 may participate in the occurrence of Paulownia witches’broom(PaWB)by regulating the plant height of Paulownia.展开更多
Background:The use of industrial by-products rich in bioactive compounds as animal feeds can reduce greenhouse gas production.Paulownia leaves silage(PLS)was supplemented to dairy cows'diet and evaluated in vitro(...Background:The use of industrial by-products rich in bioactive compounds as animal feeds can reduce greenhouse gas production.Paulownia leaves silage(PLS)was supplemented to dairy cows'diet and evaluated in vitro(Exp.1;Rusitec)and in vivo(Exp.2,cannulated lactating dairy cows and Exp.3,non-cannulated lactating dairy cows).The study investigated the PLS effect on ruminal fermentation,microbial populations,methane production and concentration,dry matter intake(DMI),and fatty acid(FA)proportions in ruminal fluid and milk.Results:Several variables of the ruminal fluid were changed in response to the inclusion of PLS.In Exp.1,the p H increased linearly and quadratically,whereas ammonia and total volatile fatty acid(VFA)concentrations increased linearly and cubically.A linear,quadratic,and cubical decrease in methane concentration was observed with increasing dose of the PLS.Exp.2 revealed an increase in ruminal p H and ammonia concentrations,but no changes in total VFA concentration.Inclusion of PLS increased ruminal propionate(at 3 h and 6 h after feeding),isovalerate,and valerate concentrations.Addition of PLS also affected several populations of the analyzed microorganisms.The abundances of protozoa and bacteria were increased,whereas the abundance of archaea were decreased by PLS.Methane production decreased by 11%and 14%in PLS-fed cows compared to the control in Exp.2 and 3,respectively.Exp.3 revealed a reduction in the milk protein and lactose yield in the PLS-fed cows,but no effect on DMI and energy corrected milk yield.Also,the PLS diet affected the ruminal biohydrogenation process with an increased proportions of C18:3 cis-9 cis-12 cis-15,conjugated linoleic acid,C18:1 trans-11 FA,polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),and reduced n6/n3 ratio and saturated fatty acids(SFA)proportion in milk.The relative transcript abundances of the 5 of 6 analyzed genes regulating FA metabolism increased.Conclusions:The dietary PLS replacing the alfalfa silage at 60 g/kg diet can reduce the methane emission and improve milk quality with greater proportions of PUFA,including conjugated linoleic acid,and C18:1 trans-11 along with reduction of SFA.展开更多
探讨‘泡桐1201’幼苗对盐胁迫的应答机制,为选育耐盐碱性作物,大力推广该树种提供科学依据。以30 d ‘泡桐1201’幼苗为材料,设置5组不同浓度梯度的盐胁迫处理,分析幼苗生理状况,通过测定幼苗的株高和主根长,植株根、茎、叶的鲜质量和...探讨‘泡桐1201’幼苗对盐胁迫的应答机制,为选育耐盐碱性作物,大力推广该树种提供科学依据。以30 d ‘泡桐1201’幼苗为材料,设置5组不同浓度梯度的盐胁迫处理,分析幼苗生理状况,通过测定幼苗的株高和主根长,植株根、茎、叶的鲜质量和干质量,叶片的叶绿素质量分数,叶和根的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性以及根系Na^+、K^+、H^+和Ca^(2+)的流速等指标,分析其生理方面、抗氧化系统以及离子流方面对盐胁迫的响应。结果表明,随着盐胁迫浓度增加,‘泡桐1201’幼苗生长受到的抑制增强,根长、株高、鲜质量和干质量均逐渐下降,地上部和地下部生物量均呈下降趋势。SOD活性、POD活性和CAT活性均先升高后降低,SOD活性和CAT活性变化趋势一致,均在100 mmol·L^(-1)时达到最大值;叶绿素质量分数呈现逐渐减少趋势。随着盐胁迫浓度的增大,根系Na^+外排速率先增大后减小,在100 mmol·L^(-1)达到最大值,以此来维持植物细胞的离子平衡,降低盐胁迫对植物的危害。K^+流速均表现为外排,外排速率随着盐胁迫浓度增加而增大。H^+主要表现为内流,并且随着盐胁迫浓度的增加,内流速率先增加后减小。Ca^(2+)流速均表现为内流,并且随着盐胁迫浓度增大流速增大。盐胁迫导致‘泡桐1201’幼苗株高、主根长、根茎叶的干质量和鲜质量受到抑制;‘泡桐1201’幼苗在盐浓度为0～50 mmol·L^(-1)胁迫下能够正常生长,在200 mmol·L^(-1)甚至出现致死的情况。展开更多
基金the Academic Scientist Fund for Zhongyuan Scholars of Henan Province(Grant No.2018(185))Project of Central Plains Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talents of Henan Province(224200510010).
文摘Somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases(SERKs)are receptor-like proteins that contain leucine-rich repeats and are involved in various signaling pathways.This study identified SERK family members in the Paulownia fortunei genome and analyzed their characteristics and expression profiles using bioinformatics methods.We identified 12 SERK genes with relatively conserved gene structures and motifs that were distributed unevenly on eight Paulownia chromosomes.The gene promoters contained various cis-acting elements that regulated the expression of the PfSERK genes in response to hormones and abiotic stresses.Synteny analysis indicated that 10 segmental duplication events had occurred during evolution of the PfSERK family.The expression profile of PfSERKs in various tissues of Paulownia fortunei was detected by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR).Many PfSERK genes can respond to drought and salt stress.Combined with RNA-seq and protein interaction network,it is speculated that PfSERK3/11 may participate in the occurrence of Paulownia witches’broom(PaWB)by regulating the plant height of Paulownia.
基金a grant from the National Science Center,Poland(Grant No.2016/23/B/NZ9/03427)co-financed within the framework of the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education’s program:“Regional Initiative Excellence”in the years 2019–2022(No.005/RID/2018/19)“financing amount 12000000,00 PLN”。
文摘Background:The use of industrial by-products rich in bioactive compounds as animal feeds can reduce greenhouse gas production.Paulownia leaves silage(PLS)was supplemented to dairy cows'diet and evaluated in vitro(Exp.1;Rusitec)and in vivo(Exp.2,cannulated lactating dairy cows and Exp.3,non-cannulated lactating dairy cows).The study investigated the PLS effect on ruminal fermentation,microbial populations,methane production and concentration,dry matter intake(DMI),and fatty acid(FA)proportions in ruminal fluid and milk.Results:Several variables of the ruminal fluid were changed in response to the inclusion of PLS.In Exp.1,the p H increased linearly and quadratically,whereas ammonia and total volatile fatty acid(VFA)concentrations increased linearly and cubically.A linear,quadratic,and cubical decrease in methane concentration was observed with increasing dose of the PLS.Exp.2 revealed an increase in ruminal p H and ammonia concentrations,but no changes in total VFA concentration.Inclusion of PLS increased ruminal propionate(at 3 h and 6 h after feeding),isovalerate,and valerate concentrations.Addition of PLS also affected several populations of the analyzed microorganisms.The abundances of protozoa and bacteria were increased,whereas the abundance of archaea were decreased by PLS.Methane production decreased by 11%and 14%in PLS-fed cows compared to the control in Exp.2 and 3,respectively.Exp.3 revealed a reduction in the milk protein and lactose yield in the PLS-fed cows,but no effect on DMI and energy corrected milk yield.Also,the PLS diet affected the ruminal biohydrogenation process with an increased proportions of C18:3 cis-9 cis-12 cis-15,conjugated linoleic acid,C18:1 trans-11 FA,polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),and reduced n6/n3 ratio and saturated fatty acids(SFA)proportion in milk.The relative transcript abundances of the 5 of 6 analyzed genes regulating FA metabolism increased.Conclusions:The dietary PLS replacing the alfalfa silage at 60 g/kg diet can reduce the methane emission and improve milk quality with greater proportions of PUFA,including conjugated linoleic acid,and C18:1 trans-11 along with reduction of SFA.
