A reliable,efficient anther culture system,the dominant technique for generating haploid plants in breeding programs,that can be used for generating transgenic poplar plants has been needed.In the present study,theref...A reliable,efficient anther culture system,the dominant technique for generating haploid plants in breeding programs,that can be used for generating transgenic poplar plants has been needed.In the present study,therefore,an anther culture system was developed using isolated mid-and late-uninucleate anthers of poplar(Populus simonii x P.nigra).From a combination of SSR and ploidy analyses,six double haploid and two haploid lines were characterized from 86 plants grown from 16 regenerated anther cultured lines.After 48 months of development,two plant lines from the regenerated plants maintained their haploid level in vitro for over 2 years.A number of haploid plants from the different lines weretransferred to soil.The leaves of these transplants were then used as explants for transformation with the APETALA1(AP1) gene using Agrobacterium tumefaciens.Overexpression of AP1 in haploid poplar induced early flowering with obvious petals when ectopically expressed.To our knowledge,this is the first report on changes in flowering time in AP1-trangenic poplar,which is important for elucidating the regulatory mechanism of tree flower development.展开更多
A 3 125 bp cellulose synthase gene, PtoCesA1, which has a 98% identity to PtrCesA1 from Populus tremuloides, was cloned from cDNA prepared from secondary xylem of P tomentosa. Four anti-expression vectors with differe...A 3 125 bp cellulose synthase gene, PtoCesA1, which has a 98% identity to PtrCesA1 from Populus tremuloides, was cloned from cDNA prepared from secondary xylem of P tomentosa. Four anti-expression vectors with different fragments of PtoCesAl, named as pBIPF, pBICC1, pBIPR and pBIBR, were constructed. Some traits of transformed tobacco of pBICC1, pBIPR and pBIBR differed from wild types, such as small leaves, ＂dwarf＂ phenotype and thinner xylem and fiber cell walls than wild plants consistent with a loss of cellulose. It indicated that the growth of transgenic tobacco was restrained by the expression of anti-PtoCesA1. Transgenic tobacco was obtained and the contents of cellulose and lignin were analyzed as well as the width and length of fiber cells, and xylem thickness for both transgenic and control plants. Transformed tobacco showed a different phenotype from control plants and it implied that PtoCesA1 was essential for the cellulose biosynthesis in poplar stems.展开更多
Both cDNA and DNA clones of PtDof1 （GenBank Accession No. FJ402844 and FJ402845） were isolated from plants grown in tissue culture ofPopulus tornentosa. The DNA sequence is 1597 bp including two exons and one intron...Both cDNA and DNA clones of PtDof1 （GenBank Accession No. FJ402844 and FJ402845） were isolated from plants grown in tissue culture ofPopulus tornentosa. The DNA sequence is 1597 bp including two exons and one intron. The cDNA is 969 bp in length with a 765 bp open reading frame which is capable of encoding 255 amino acids. The deduced amino acids sequence of the PtDofl protein shares 65%, 56% and 55% identity with Vitis vinifera （CAO48618）, Nicotiana tabacum （CAA08755） and Glycine max （ABI 16022） Dof protein by blast analysis in GenBank. Phylogenic analysis suggests PtDof1 gene could belong to the Dofgene family. PtDofl protein contains an unusual conserved single zinc finger with the pattern of C-X2-C-X21-C-X2-C, which may play a functional role in tissue-specific expression and possibly the auxin response of endogenous plant genes.展开更多
[ Objective ] This study aimed to analyze the functions of AP1 gene from Populus simonii × Populus nigra and to lay the theoretical foundation for shortening the breeding cycle of forest trees and investigating t...[ Objective ] This study aimed to analyze the functions of AP1 gene from Populus simonii × Populus nigra and to lay the theoretical foundation for shortening the breeding cycle of forest trees and investigating the flowering mechanism in poplar. [ Method] Plant expression vectors of AP1 genes were constructed and transformed into tobacco leaf disks with Agrobacterium-mediated method. Transgenic tobacco plants were identified by PCR. [ Result] AP1 genes were integrated into the genome of tobacco. Transgenic tobacco plants all presented an early flowering phenotype compared with wild-type tobacco. [ Conclusion] AP1 genes could promote early flowering in transgenic tobacco plants, which provided theoretical basis for molecular regulation of flowering in poplar.展开更多
In order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the afforestation and artificial water supply of P.szechuanica in arid areas,the characteristics of water consumption of P.szechuanica were explored,and ...In order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the afforestation and artificial water supply of P.szechuanica in arid areas,the characteristics of water consumption of P.szechuanica were explored,and the law of water demand of P.szechuanica was grasped.In this paper,potted seedlings of 1-0 rooted cuttings of P.szechuanica were taken as research objects,and change situation of water consumption under different water control gradients was measured regularly by using weighing method,further analyzing dynamic change of water consumption of P.szechuanica and revealing water demand law of 1-0 rooted cuttings of P.szechuanica.The results showed that total change of water consumption of 1-0 rooted cuttings of P.szechuanica had"slow-fast-slow-fast"double-peak trend in the growth period of the current year,and corresponded with univariate linear relation(R^(2)=0.7137),with significant difference.In whole growth period,water consumption in August was the highest,which was 2.7 times of that in June and July and 1.5 times of that after September.In different water control treatments,the dynamic changes of daily and monthly water consumption were significantly different.In seven water control treatments,monthly water consumption was between(6315.95±1690.70)and(10105.28±3065.30)g/month,and mean was(8211.07±2308.23)g/month.With intensification of water control treatment,water consumption increased,but there was no seedling death due to water shortage.P.szechuanica has great plasticity in water demand,and can survive in both arid and humid environments.Meanwhile,it is revealed that P.szechuanica is the most widely distributed tree species in the region.展开更多
【目的】分析镉胁迫下中辽1号杨的转录水平,筛选差异表达基因,挖掘与镉胁迫相关的功能基因,为深入探索中辽1号杨对镉胁迫响应的分子机制提供理论依据。【方法】以中辽1号杨为试验材料,采用盆栽试验的方法将其扦插于土壤Cd含量为20 mg/kg...【目的】分析镉胁迫下中辽1号杨的转录水平,筛选差异表达基因,挖掘与镉胁迫相关的功能基因,为深入探索中辽1号杨对镉胁迫响应的分子机制提供理论依据。【方法】以中辽1号杨为试验材料,采用盆栽试验的方法将其扦插于土壤Cd含量为20 mg/kg(M20)的花盆中,以不加Cd为对照(CK),80 d后采集不同处理中辽1号杨叶片进行转录组测序,使用DESeq2软件筛选CK与M20处理中辽1号杨的差异表达基因,将得到的差异基因在基因本体数据库(gene ontology,GO)、京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)、蛋白相邻类聚簇数据库(clusters of orthologous groups of proteins,COG)中进行注释,分析差异表达基因在不同数据库中的注释信息。随机挑选6个差异表达基因(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶(STK)、脱落酸(ABA)、T复合蛋白1(TCP1)、MYB基因(MYB)、丝裂原活蛋白激酶12(MAPK12)),利用Primer 5软件设计特异性引物进行实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)试验,检测这6个基因表达水平的变化,验证转录组结果的准确性。【结果】在CK和M20处理的中辽1号杨中,共发现3812个差异表达基因,其中上调表达的有2209个,下调表达的有1603个。GO分析发现,差异表达基因注释到3大类49个功能组中,其中与代谢过程有关基因最多。转录组KEGG代谢通路分析发现,差异表达基因主要在信号转导途径、代谢途径和生物合成途径富集。COG分析发现,1455个差异基因被注释到22种分类中,其中一般功能预测基因注释最多,其次是信号转导机制基因。结合各数据库分析结果发现,Cd胁迫下中辽1号杨转录组的注释结果中代谢过程和信号转导过程相关基因较多。镉胁迫下差异表达基因最多的家族是ABC、MYB、WRKY、bHLH和NAC基因家族,挖掘出与镉胁迫相关基因WRKY家族基因47(WRKY47)、硝酸盐转运蛋白基因(NRT)、ABC家族转运蛋白基因2(ABC2)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因(GSTs)、NAC家族基因2(NAC2)的表达量显著上调,MYB家族基因44(MYB44)、重金属相关异戊二烯化植物蛋白基因39(HIPP39)的表达量显著下调。RT-qPCR结果显示,随机挑选6个差异表达基因表达量的变化趋势与转录组测序结果一致。【结论】镉胁迫后中辽1号杨转录组的差异表达基因主要富集在代谢过程和信号转导过程,挖掘出与镉胁迫相关基因,分别是WRKY47、NRT、ABC2、MDH、GSTs、NAC2、MYB44、HIPP39,为深入探索杨树对镉胁迫响应的分子机制提供了理论依据。展开更多
基金supported by The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2572015EA01)the Innovation Project of State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding(Northeast Forestry University+1 种基金grant number 2013A04)Natural Science Fund of Heilongjiang Province(No.QC2015035)
文摘A reliable,efficient anther culture system,the dominant technique for generating haploid plants in breeding programs,that can be used for generating transgenic poplar plants has been needed.In the present study,therefore,an anther culture system was developed using isolated mid-and late-uninucleate anthers of poplar(Populus simonii x P.nigra).From a combination of SSR and ploidy analyses,six double haploid and two haploid lines were characterized from 86 plants grown from 16 regenerated anther cultured lines.After 48 months of development,two plant lines from the regenerated plants maintained their haploid level in vitro for over 2 years.A number of haploid plants from the different lines weretransferred to soil.The leaves of these transplants were then used as explants for transformation with the APETALA1(AP1) gene using Agrobacterium tumefaciens.Overexpression of AP1 in haploid poplar induced early flowering with obvious petals when ectopically expressed.To our knowledge,this is the first report on changes in flowering time in AP1-trangenic poplar,which is important for elucidating the regulatory mechanism of tree flower development.
基金Supported by the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (863) (2001AA244060 and 2003AA244020) and National Basic Research Program of China (973) (J1999016003)
文摘A 3 125 bp cellulose synthase gene, PtoCesA1, which has a 98% identity to PtrCesA1 from Populus tremuloides, was cloned from cDNA prepared from secondary xylem of P tomentosa. Four anti-expression vectors with different fragments of PtoCesAl, named as pBIPF, pBICC1, pBIPR and pBIBR, were constructed. Some traits of transformed tobacco of pBICC1, pBIPR and pBIBR differed from wild types, such as small leaves, ＂dwarf＂ phenotype and thinner xylem and fiber cell walls than wild plants consistent with a loss of cellulose. It indicated that the growth of transgenic tobacco was restrained by the expression of anti-PtoCesA1. Transgenic tobacco was obtained and the contents of cellulose and lignin were analyzed as well as the width and length of fiber cells, and xylem thickness for both transgenic and control plants. Transformed tobacco showed a different phenotype from control plants and it implied that PtoCesA1 was essential for the cellulose biosynthesis in poplar stems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30271097)
文摘Both cDNA and DNA clones of PtDof1 （GenBank Accession No. FJ402844 and FJ402845） were isolated from plants grown in tissue culture ofPopulus tornentosa. The DNA sequence is 1597 bp including two exons and one intron. The cDNA is 969 bp in length with a 765 bp open reading frame which is capable of encoding 255 amino acids. The deduced amino acids sequence of the PtDofl protein shares 65%, 56% and 55% identity with Vitis vinifera （CAO48618）, Nicotiana tabacum （CAA08755） and Glycine max （ABI 16022） Dof protein by blast analysis in GenBank. Phylogenic analysis suggests PtDof1 gene could belong to the Dofgene family. PtDofl protein contains an unusual conserved single zinc finger with the pattern of C-X2-C-X21-C-X2-C, which may play a functional role in tissue-specific expression and possibly the auxin response of endogenous plant genes.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370661)
文摘[ Objective ] This study aimed to analyze the functions of AP1 gene from Populus simonii × Populus nigra and to lay the theoretical foundation for shortening the breeding cycle of forest trees and investigating the flowering mechanism in poplar. [ Method] Plant expression vectors of AP1 genes were constructed and transformed into tobacco leaf disks with Agrobacterium-mediated method. Transgenic tobacco plants were identified by PCR. [ Result] AP1 genes were integrated into the genome of tobacco. Transgenic tobacco plants all presented an early flowering phenotype compared with wild-type tobacco. [ Conclusion] AP1 genes could promote early flowering in transgenic tobacco plants, which provided theoretical basis for molecular regulation of flowering in poplar.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Tibet Autonomous Region(XZ2019ZRG-58)Forestry Discipline Innovation Team Construction Project of Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University(Tibet Financial Forecast:2020-001).
文摘In order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the afforestation and artificial water supply of P.szechuanica in arid areas,the characteristics of water consumption of P.szechuanica were explored,and the law of water demand of P.szechuanica was grasped.In this paper,potted seedlings of 1-0 rooted cuttings of P.szechuanica were taken as research objects,and change situation of water consumption under different water control gradients was measured regularly by using weighing method,further analyzing dynamic change of water consumption of P.szechuanica and revealing water demand law of 1-0 rooted cuttings of P.szechuanica.The results showed that total change of water consumption of 1-0 rooted cuttings of P.szechuanica had"slow-fast-slow-fast"double-peak trend in the growth period of the current year,and corresponded with univariate linear relation(R^(2)=0.7137),with significant difference.In whole growth period,water consumption in August was the highest,which was 2.7 times of that in June and July and 1.5 times of that after September.In different water control treatments,the dynamic changes of daily and monthly water consumption were significantly different.In seven water control treatments,monthly water consumption was between(6315.95±1690.70)and(10105.28±3065.30)g/month,and mean was(8211.07±2308.23)g/month.With intensification of water control treatment,water consumption increased,but there was no seedling death due to water shortage.P.szechuanica has great plasticity in water demand,and can survive in both arid and humid environments.Meanwhile,it is revealed that P.szechuanica is the most widely distributed tree species in the region.
文摘【目的】分析镉胁迫下中辽1号杨的转录水平,筛选差异表达基因,挖掘与镉胁迫相关的功能基因,为深入探索中辽1号杨对镉胁迫响应的分子机制提供理论依据。【方法】以中辽1号杨为试验材料,采用盆栽试验的方法将其扦插于土壤Cd含量为20 mg/kg(M20)的花盆中,以不加Cd为对照(CK),80 d后采集不同处理中辽1号杨叶片进行转录组测序,使用DESeq2软件筛选CK与M20处理中辽1号杨的差异表达基因,将得到的差异基因在基因本体数据库(gene ontology,GO)、京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)、蛋白相邻类聚簇数据库(clusters of orthologous groups of proteins,COG)中进行注释,分析差异表达基因在不同数据库中的注释信息。随机挑选6个差异表达基因(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶(STK)、脱落酸(ABA)、T复合蛋白1(TCP1)、MYB基因(MYB)、丝裂原活蛋白激酶12(MAPK12)),利用Primer 5软件设计特异性引物进行实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)试验,检测这6个基因表达水平的变化,验证转录组结果的准确性。【结果】在CK和M20处理的中辽1号杨中,共发现3812个差异表达基因,其中上调表达的有2209个,下调表达的有1603个。GO分析发现,差异表达基因注释到3大类49个功能组中,其中与代谢过程有关基因最多。转录组KEGG代谢通路分析发现,差异表达基因主要在信号转导途径、代谢途径和生物合成途径富集。COG分析发现,1455个差异基因被注释到22种分类中,其中一般功能预测基因注释最多,其次是信号转导机制基因。结合各数据库分析结果发现,Cd胁迫下中辽1号杨转录组的注释结果中代谢过程和信号转导过程相关基因较多。镉胁迫下差异表达基因最多的家族是ABC、MYB、WRKY、bHLH和NAC基因家族,挖掘出与镉胁迫相关基因WRKY家族基因47(WRKY47)、硝酸盐转运蛋白基因(NRT)、ABC家族转运蛋白基因2(ABC2)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因(GSTs)、NAC家族基因2(NAC2)的表达量显著上调,MYB家族基因44(MYB44)、重金属相关异戊二烯化植物蛋白基因39(HIPP39)的表达量显著下调。RT-qPCR结果显示,随机挑选6个差异表达基因表达量的变化趋势与转录组测序结果一致。【结论】镉胁迫后中辽1号杨转录组的差异表达基因主要富集在代谢过程和信号转导过程,挖掘出与镉胁迫相关基因,分别是WRKY47、NRT、ABC2、MDH、GSTs、NAC2、MYB44、HIPP39,为深入探索杨树对镉胁迫响应的分子机制提供了理论依据。
