Analysis on the Present Situation of Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Rural Areas under the Idea of "Party Building + County Sage or Worthy":A Case Study of Qianshan Village,Ganlu Town,Gongqingcheng City of Jiangxi Province

From the reform and opening-up policy until now,targeted poverty alleviation in rural areas has always been regarded as a major and arduous task in China,and it strives to achieve the goal of national poverty alleviation by 2020.To firmly win the strong war of overcoming poverty and realize new leap of targeted poverty alleviation in rural areas,Qianshan Village,Ganlu Town,Gongqingcheng City of Jiangxi Province establishes party building projects with rural characteristics by surrounding action of"overcoming poverty and attacking strong poverty"and taking"party building+county sage or worthy"as link.It uses county sage or worthy to drive development of rural industry,and establishes a complete poverty alleviation mechanism,thereby making poor households get rid of poverty,become rich,and embark on the road of well-off society.In this paper,opportunities and challenges in targeted poverty alleviation work of Qianshan Village are analyzed,and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are proposed.

Analysis of Problems and Policy Recommendations for the Third-party Evaluation in the Present Poverty Alleviation

The introduction of third-party evaluation system and the implementation of third-party evaluation system in poverty alleviation is a major innovation in the targeted poverty alleviation work in China.In order to improve the third-party evaluation mechanism,further improve the efficiency of third-party evaluation,and enhance the effectiveness of targeted poverty alleviation,this paper analyzes and summarizes the main problems existing in the current third-party evaluation practice.In view of the related problems,this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations,which are believed to play a positive role in further promoting the development and improvement of the third-party evaluation of getting rid of poverty.

The Model of "Party Branch +" in Promoting Industrial Poverty Alleviation in Poverty-stricken Mountainous Areas of China: A Case Study of Xundian in Yunnan Province

The integration and development of grass-roots Party organizations and accurate poverty alleviation is the focus in social development in the new period. This is also a new measure explored by the CPC Central Committee in the new historical period to solve rural reform and extricate the poor from poverty,and can effectively enhance the enthusiasm of the masses in poverty alleviation and development work. Xundian Hui and Yi Autonomous County is located in the mountainous area of northeast Yunnan Province. It is one of the 592 national key counties for poverty alleviation and development and one of the 38 continuous development counties in Wumeng Mountain area. Since the implementation of the accurate poverty alleviation strategy,Xundian County insists on getting rid of poverty to grasp the overall situation of county economic and social development,focus on the actual situation of the county people,and conscientiously grasp the key of industrial poverty alleviation. It regards industry as the fundamental driving force to realize poverty alleviation from " blood transfusion" to " blood creation",and innovates the model of " Party branch +" to help the poor out of poverty by industry. It has selected 187 agricultural enterprises( cooperatives,large households) to achieve full coverage of all registered poor households,and achieved remarkable results. It has realized that each poor village has one to two leading industries,and each poor household has one to two industrial income projects,having led 30 500 poor households to increase their average income by more than 1 850 yuan. The final incidence of poverty decreased from 26. 93% in 2014 to 0. 35% at the end of 2017,becoming one of the first counties in Yunnan Province to get rid of poverty. It is also the only county in Yunnan Province that has won the Antipoverty Organization Innovation Award of the State Council. Based on field research and interviews,this paper analyzes and summarizes the specific methods,main achievements,practical experience and popularization and application measures of Xundian County " Party Branch +" to promote industrial poverty alleviation,so as to provide necessary reference for accurate poverty reduction and poverty alleviation in similar mountainous areas of Yunnan Province and other provinces.

Significance,Path and Typical Cases of Integration of Grassroots Party Construction and Targeted Poverty Alleviation Team Construction in Colleges and Universities

The integration of party construction and poverty alleviation and development is an important form of achieving poverty alleviation in China. Based on the actual case of the integration of the party branch construction of the Institute of Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Development of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics and the construction of a third-party evaluation team for targeted poverty alleviation,this paper elaborated the practical significance and integration path design of the grassroots party construction and targeted poverty alleviation thirdparty evaluation team construction in colleges and universities. Besides,it analyzed the typical case of the party branch in the process of building the party branch of the ' double leader' teachers in the national colleges and universities,and vigorously implementing the development of the party branch construction and the third-party evaluation team for targeted poverty alleviation,and promoting double integration and double promotion. Finally,it came up with recommendations for further strengthening the development of the party branch construction and the thirdparty evaluation team for targeted poverty alleviation( including strengthening the party construction responsibility,promoting the solid foundation,promoting deep integration,strengthening mutual promotion,gathering poverty alleviation talents,and strengthen intellectual support),so as to form a new model of poverty alleviation through party construction and practicing the lofty purpose of serving the poor household wholeheartedly,and provide a useful reference for the grassroots party construction in China to promote poverty alleviation.

Work Effectiveness,Problems and Countermeasures of Third-Party Assessment Teams from Colleges and Universities for Targeted Poverty Alleviation

Conducting a third-party assessment on targeted poverty alleviation can effectively avoid the disadvantage that local government plays as both athlete(i.e.performer of poverty alleviation work)and referee(i.e.referee for poverty alleviation effect)in poverty alleviation to ensure the truth of poverty alleviation,and therefore,it is an important part of the work to win the battle against poverty.Since 2016,the thirdparty assessment teams from colleges and universities for targeted poverty alleviation have achieved good results and performance in the assessment on both the effectiveness of targeted poverty alleviation work and the exit of poor counties in China,and they have made due contributions to the cause of poverty alleviation.However,as a new thing,third-party assessment obviously has some problems,mainly including the following:subjective understanding on the long-term nature of rural poverty alleviation is insufficient,and there is a lack of long-term considerations and related mechanism for third-party assessment;affected by policies and institutions,most of the existing third-party assessment teams from colleges and universities have not regarded third-party assessment of targeted poverty alleviation as a cause,and they lack the motivation to actively study the assessment business;and the third-party assessment staff from colleges and universities for targeted poverty alleviation have low stability and high mobility,not conducive to the long-term construction of assessment teams.In order to establish long-term poverty alleviation and prevention mechanisms,these issues must be addressed squarely and relevant countermeasures need to be taken actively to effectively build a long-term mechanism for building third-party assessment teams from colleges and universities for targeted poverty alleviation.

Follow-up Support Work for Poverty Alleviation Relocation in Ankang City

Poverty alleviation relocation is an important measure to realize the complete victory in the fight against poverty.This paper summarizes the achievements and experience of poverty alleviation relocation in Ankang City,Shaanxi Province.They mainly include three aspects:party building,employment,and people's livelihood.Then,it analyzes the problems faced in the follow-up support of poverty alleviation relocation in Ankang City.From three aspects:focusing on the construction of grassroots organizations,promoting the employment of the relocated households,and improving the management and services of the resettlement community,it comes up with measures and recommendations for follow-up support work of Ankang City's poverty alleviation relocation,to ensure that the relocated households live and work in peace and contentment,and provide reference for Shaanxi Province and the western region to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation and promote the rural revitalization strategy.

链接国家与农民:政党建设、行政嵌入与基层选举——基于脱贫攻坚的实证研究

脱贫攻坚是以政党建设推动乡村治理的战略举措,其中政党、政府、乡村社会三元互动,进而对基层选举产生深刻影响。根据政党-政府-乡村社会三元互动分析框架,资源输入、行政嵌入与政党建设是脱贫攻坚影响基层选举的三个作用机制。基于2018年中国劳动力动态调查数据,利用连续型双重差分设计进行效应评估发现,脱贫攻坚总体上提高基层选举投票率,发挥驱动村庄民主治理的政治效应。机制性分析显示,脱贫攻坚经由资源输入机制和行政嵌入机制一定程度上降低基层选举投票率,而经由政党建设机制显著提高投票率,且政党建设的中介效应大于前二者。总之,脱贫攻坚中政党建设发挥着链接国家与农民的桥梁作用,有效驱动基层民主治理。

湖北农居建筑现状调查及抗震性能分析——以黄梅县蔡山镇为例

提升农居建筑基本安全是防震减灾的重要举措之一。整理分析近几年湖北地震应急现场房屋调查报告中发现湖北农居震害的特点和变化。借助贫困户房屋改造工程实施,以实地调查的黄梅县蔡山镇贫困户的房屋为研究对象,采用统计分析方法,系统分析了湖北省农居建筑的特点和抗震设防措施的现状。分析结果表明:湖北省老旧房屋占比逐年减少,但震害程度严重;砖混结构房屋占比逐年加大,但仍有结构设计与建筑施工等方面的不规范,存在抗震能力不高的风险,需要提高当前农居建筑抗震设防的对策建议。

党建引领下的基层医疗帮扶与学科建设

党建工作是党领导推动医疗帮扶与学科建设的指挥棒和压舱石,公立医院基层党组织是党指导医疗工作的重要战斗堡垒。大型公立医院如何强化党建在基层医疗帮扶中的核心地位,推进党建工作与学科建设的深度融合,是大型公立医院必须面对和解决的课题。广东省人民医院外科第二党支部以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,积极贯彻落实中共中央办公厅《关于加强公立医院党的建设工作的意见》,就公立医院党建工作与帮扶基层医院胃肠道肿瘤学科建设进行了探索实践,并取得了明显成效。

易地扶贫搬迁安置区从脱贫攻坚到乡村振兴有效衔接的政策创新

党的二十大明确提出未来五年是全面建成社会主义现代化国家开局起步的关键时期。实现易地扶贫搬迁安置区从脱贫攻坚到乡村振兴的有效衔接是其中重要一环。从脱贫攻坚到乡村振兴有效衔接,国家关于易地扶贫搬迁安置区的政策关注重点从搬迁逐步转到安置,政策内容由抽象到具体不断深化,政策目标沿着“愿意搬—搬得出—稳得住—能致富—好融入—有保障—协同化”不断延续升华。经对我们蹲点基地的长期跟踪研究发现,安置区在各方面都比较精准地落实了相关政策,但还存在基础设施提升和维护管理费用政策落实不到位、举办集体经济与形成自营资产政策落实不到位和不明细、住宅专项维修资金政策缺失、安置房出租管理政策缺失、搬迁过渡期政策不完善等问题。针对这些问题,本文提出“继续沿用—调整完善—新增补充”三维一体的政策创新建议。

党建引领民族地区易地扶贫搬迁安置的社区治理——基于云南省兰坪县永福社区的个案研究

实现安置居民可持续发展和易地扶贫搬迁安置社区有效治理是巩固、拓展脱贫攻坚成果的应有之义。基于嵌入理论,运用扎根理论的研究方法,从云南省兰坪县永福社区党建引领社区治理的实践经验中提炼出结构、功能、关系以及认知四个维度的嵌入路径,并通过其归纳出党建引领嵌入安置社区的现实经验:实现基层党组织的有效覆盖以建设党建引领的社区治理体系,充分发挥基层党组织的优势功能以整合社区治理的要素资源,联结社区多元治理主体的情感以构建友好信任的场域关系和培育社区居民共同体意识以激活社区治理的内生性动力。

巩固脱贫攻坚成果和推进乡村振兴的难点和对策——基于中西部20省136名村党组织书记的调查

通过对中西部20省136名农村党组织书记开展调查,发现中西部农村在巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果和全面推进乡村振兴中普遍面临着乡村发展动力不强、乡村建设基础薄弱、乡村治理短板突出等诸多难点问题。应不断优化巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果的政策供给,持续推动脱贫攻坚同乡村振兴战略的有机衔接,通过数字赋能、人才建设、乡村治理和党建引领不断巩固脱贫攻坚成果,推进乡村全面振兴。

“国家在场”视域下加强民族交往交流交融的实践与启示——基于G乡反贫困治理的田野调查

利用“国家在场”的人类学分析框架,对乡村地区民族交往交流交融的表征、动力机制做出全景立体描述,总结其发展经验,以推动我国民族团结进步和铸牢中华民族共同体意识的发展。基于G乡的田野调查,发现反贫困治理中的“国家在场”促进了各民族之间的全面交往、广泛交流与深度交融。新时期,必须坚持党和国家的民族政策,必须坚持在发展中解决民族问题,必须坚持以铸牢中华民族共同体意识为主线,全面推动各民族之间的交往交流交融。

精准扶贫视角下高职贫困生资助的问题及对策

目前高校还存在脱贫不稳定户、边缘易致贫户、突发严重困难户贫困学生。围绕贫困高职生精准建档、精准指导、精准扶志扶智等方面的内容,实施全员、全过程、全方位、全周期“扶贫扶志扶智”措施,精准帮扶贫困高职生,以达成将贫困学生培养成为国家栋梁之才的目的。

构建精准岗位帮扶高校贫困生新模式

精准扶贫方略是习近平总书记运用马克思主义立场、观点和方法解决中国贫困问题的理论之大成。依靠党的全面领导,依托中国特色社会主义制度,借助市场机制,政府统筹,“政银校企”相互协同,完成精准岗位帮扶高校贫困生的历史使命,同时实现了参与多方互利共赢,也为今后解决相对贫困问题提供了有益的思路。

政党引领与乡村治理再造

新时代政党引领是在我国工业化和城市化顶峰时期以党员干部援助乡村为背景展开的。党员干部援助乡村是政治力量由上向下、由城市向乡村的运动,是与城市化、工业化和科层化背向而行的运动。它通过政党组织网络的引领作用来撬动乡村治理体系变革,用以改变城市化、工业化和科层化对政治基础的侵蚀和冲击,在客观上重塑了当前的乡村治理。以大规模党员援助乡村为起点的政党引领通过政治强制支援来反哺乡村治理,改变了乡村治理资源向城市单向流动的趋势,对乡村治理资源实现再造。作为城市党员干部援助乡村的结果,政党引领在乡村形成了新双头治理结构,以政党治理主导了乡村治理过程。它通过乡村组织建设和技术创新增强了基层治理共同体的领导力和治理效能。

以党建促扶贫:党组织嵌入与非国有企业精准扶贫

脱贫攻坚是我国重大政治任务和第一民生工程,党的领导是脱贫攻坚的根本保障和根本优势。基于2016—2021年中国A股非国有企业样本,实证检验党组织嵌入对企业精准扶贫行为的影响及机理。研究发现,党组织嵌入显著促进了非国有企业的精准扶贫行为,且这一关系受到高管特征的影响。渠道分析表明,党组织嵌入主要通过提升企业的扶贫意识和扶贫能力来促进精准扶贫。进一步分析发现,相对于“输血”式扶贫,党组织对“造血”式扶贫的促进作用更明显,同时党组织嵌入还显著提升了扶贫成效。

党组织建设对企业社会责任承担的影响机理研究

推动企业履行社会责任对促进高质量发展、开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程具有重要意义。在国家脱贫攻坚战略背景下,参与精准扶贫是企业履行社会责任的重要方式。坚持党的领导是实现精准扶贫的根本保证,党组织建设是企业参与精准扶贫的重要引领。本文以2013—2018年A股民营上市公司数据为样本,研究了党组织建设对企业参与精准扶贫的影响。本文发现:党组织建设有效促进了企业精准扶贫,相应地也促进了企业效益提升。进一步地,在扶贫重要性高的地区、政治信任程度高的地区和员工人数多的企业中,党组织建设对企业精准扶贫的促进作用更大。本研究是对精准扶贫、社会责任和企业党组织建设研究的重要补充,也为巩固脱贫成果、推动经济高质量发展提供了实践启示。

嵌入理论视域下易地扶贫搬迁安置社区“党建+”治理的实践探索与现实启示--以凉山州Y县C社区为例

易地扶贫搬迁安置社区的有效治理直接关乎脱贫攻坚成果的巩固和社会民生福祉的增进。从嵌入理论出发,发现党组织通过“党建+联动治理”“党建+综合服务”“党建+智能服务”“党建+特色文化”,从结构、关系、技术及认知四个维度深深嵌入安置社区中,不断推进社区治理提质增效。凉山州Y县C社区“党建+”治理实践的有效探索,为安置社区治理创新带来了现实启示,即要坚持以基层党组织的有效覆盖发挥党的领导力,以重塑场域关系以增强社区社会资本,以现代信息技术推进社区治理智能化,以及营造共同体验以培育居民社区公共精神等举措来实现社区治理工作机制、治理体系、治理方式及内生动力的优化整合。

资产为本:乡村振兴背景下社会工作助力农村社区营造的实践路径研究

2023年是全面贯彻落实党的二十大精神的开局之年,是巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的关键之年。为在农村社区满足人民美好生活需要,推进宜居和美乡村建设,该文希望以资产为本视角出发,充分发挥社会工作专业作用探索乡村振兴背景下社区营造的实践路径,以激活社区经济发展,凝聚村民社区共同体意识,实现建设“美人之美,美美与共”和谐乡村的目标。