儒家“一德”论的言说路径及其道统意义——以《咸有一德》之诠释为中心

汉唐儒学与两宋儒学分别通过政治哲学与德性伦理的路径来诠释《咸有一德》,进而阐发各自的“一德”论。汉唐儒学的“一德”论以伪孔《传》与《尚书正义》为代表,二者从天命与德性的关系入手,强调君王的德性与自制。两宋儒学的“一德”论以苏轼与朱熹为代表,苏轼批评汉唐儒学忽视动机的善恶以及规范的正当性,主张以中主于仁而外应乎情来诠释“一德”。朱熹则对苏轼的观点有所扬弃,并结合“理一分殊”来理清“一德”中天理与人情的关系。朱熹将“一德”论视为“十六字心传”的变体,其理论内核是中庸之道,并将“一德”论纳入儒家道统之中。

西周农耕文化与“德”观念的生成

周民族是一个重农也重德的民族。西周社会极力营造"德"的氛围,使"德"的观念深入人心,人人都想成德,为此开辟了一条修德的路径,即农耕。对周人来说,农耕不仅仅是一种维持生存所需的产业,更是修身养性、完成自身道德建设的重要方式。周人认识到"皇天无亲,惟德是辅",于是不再盲目地向上天祈求恩德,而是将目光转向了自身,期望通过自我不断的修德行为得到上天的眷佑,从而形成了"以德配天"的观念意识,塑造了周民族所特有的人本精神和价值取向。

Molecular Genetic Diagnostics of Prader-Willi Syndrome:a Validation of Linkage Analysis for the Chinese Population

Prader-Willi Syndrome （PWS） is a genetic disorder that is difficult to detect, particularly at an early age. PWS is caused by disruption of normal, epigenetically controlled gene function in the chromosome 15q11-q13 region. Clinical symptoms are difficult to diagnose in infants and only become clearer at later ages as the patients develop hyperphagia and morbid obesity. Molecular genetic tests are able to definitively diagnose PWS and allow early diagnosis of the syndrome. High resolution cytogenetic testing, methylation-specific PCR （MS-PCR）, and linkage analysis are routinely used to diagnose PWS. To establish a linkage analysis method for Chinese patients, this study identified a useful set of STR markers in the typical PWS deletion and adjacent area, for linkage analysis in two Chinese families with PWS offspring. Using this method, the authors confn＇rned that one patient had a paternal deletion in chromosome 15q 11-q 13 and the other patient had maternal uniparental heterodisomy of chromosome 15. MS -PCR and high resolution chromosome G-banding also confirmed this diagnosis. This linkage analysis method can detect both deletion and uniparental disomy, thus providing valuable information for genetic counseling and the opportunity to analyze the relationship between the genotype and phenotype of PWS.

清华简《尹诰》七题

清华简《尹诰》系楚国史官抄录的商代原始档案,其作者是伊尹,记载了汤灭夏后伊尹对汤的建言,包括建议汤将夏桀搜刮来的财宝及夏都“日邑”的房舍土地分还给夏民,颁布善政以安抚天下等。清华简应依据《礼记•缁衣》的记载,将该篇的篇名拟定为《尹吉》。《尹诰》中的“惟尹既及汤,咸(感)有一德”与古文尚书《咸有一德》中的“惟尹躬暨汤,咸有一德”的句义完全不同,不能因两者文字组合相似而断言古文尚书《咸有一德》为“伪作”。《礼记•缁衣》中的引文“惟尹躬天见于西邑夏,自周有终,相亦惟终”出现在《尚书•太甲(上)》中,是当时成书的一种正常现象。

Insights into Elastic and Thermodynamics Properties of Binary Intermetallics in Ni-AI Alloys under Extreme Condition： Full-Electronic Quasi-Harmonic Study

Atomistic modeling based on the accurate first-principles method is used to investigate the lattice parameter, elastic constant, elastic modulus including bulk modulus （B） and shear modulus （G）, Poisson＇s ratio, and elastic anisotropy of Al, NiAl and NiaAl under extreme condition. The elastic constants obtained from calculations meet their mechanical stability criteria. Both NiAl and Ni3Al exhibit ductile behavior due to their high bulk mudulus to shear modulus ratios of B/G ratios. Through the full-electronic quasi-harmonic approximation, in which the mobile electrons are considered, we successfully obtain the thermo-physical properties including the thermal expansion coefficient, bulk modulus, heat capacity and entropy at simultaneously high temperatures and high pressures. The calculated quantities agree well with the available results. Some silent results are also interpreted. Several interesting features in the thermodynamic properties can also be observed.

Fermion Coherent State Studies of One-Dimensional Hubbard Model

We present a comparative study of the ground state of the one-dimensional Hubbard model. We first use a new fermion coherent state method in the framework of Fermi liquid theory by introducing a hole operator and considering the interactions of two pairs electrons and holes. We construct the ground state of the Hubbard model as ｜〉=[f＋∑^tφk1σ1hk2σ2ck3σ3hk4σ4 ∏exp（ρck1σ1 hk2σ2）]｜〉0,where φ and ρ are the coupling constants. Our results are then compared to those of varlational methods, density functional theory based on the exact solvable Bethe ansatz solutions, variational Monto-Carlo method （VMC） as well as to the exact result of the infinite system. We find satisfactory agreement between the fermion coherent state scheme and the VMC data, and provide a new picture to deal with the strongly correlated system.

Ion-Pair Photodissociation of Trichloromonofluoromethane

fragments, F- and Cl- including two isotope species 35Cl- and 37Cl-, are observed in the photoexcitations of CFC13. The ion-pair anion efficiency spectra of 35Cl- and 37Cl- are recorded in the photon energy range of 7.75-22.00 eV. The threshold of ion-pair dissociation CFCl3-CFC12＋＋Cl- is experimentally determined to be 7.944-0.04 eV. With the references of the high-resolution photoabsorption spectra reported in the literatures, we make tentative assignments of the electron valence-to-Rydberg transitions. Furthermore, the multibody ion-pair fragmentation processes to Cl- are discussed by comparison between the calculated thermochemical thresholds and the experimental efficiency spectrum.

The Crisis of Historicism and the Correlation Between Nationalism and Neo-Kantian Philosophy of History in the Interwar Period

Recent historiographic studies of cultural exchanges between Germany and Greece in the 19th and 20th centuries have tended to neglect the mutual influence of the two countries＇ intellectuals; as a result, there is insufficient appreciation of the extent to which historiography and philosophy were appropriated by the politics of the Interwar period. This article focuses on attempts by neo-Kantian philosophers to overcome the crisis of historicism, and on the impact of this crisis on Greek intellectuals＇ perceptions of historicism. The study shows that at the time historicism invoked the past to solve the problems of the present. My purpose is to show that in a time of crisis, Germany＇s pursuit of its Greekness in conformity with the Bildung tradition, and Greece＇s cultural dependence on Germany in the meaning-making of its own Greekness, shared common ground in the ideological uses of philosophy and history in the service of politics and the politics of culture. In the aftermath of WWI, German scholars raised the issue of the crisis of historicism. Neo-Kantian philosophers such as Heinrich Rickert, whose theory had a major impact on Greek intellectuals, became involved in this debate, posing the question of historical objectivity. Yet Rickert＇s philosophy of history soon fell into an impasse, leading to the rise of an idealist philosophy of history in the 1930s that committed itself anew to the dominant politics. In the 1930s, under the guise of idealism, Greek neo-Kantian intellectuals were claiming an objective historical narrative of the traumatic experience from 1922 onwards, which fit into the structure of an idealized ahistorical and mythic past, and which, as a hegemonic discourse, excluded its political enemies and propagandized the political struggle towards the fulfillment of the nation＇s historical and spiritual mission.

Phosphorene-Based van der Waals Heterojunction for Solar Water Splitting

As a clean and renewable future energy source, hydrogen fuel can be produced via solar water splitting. Two-dimensional (2D) black phosphorene (black-P) can harvest visible light due to the desirable band gap, which promises it as a metal-free photocatalyst. However, black-P can be only used to produce hydrogen since the oxidation potential of water locates lower than the position of the valence band maximum. To improve the photocatalytic performance of black-P, here, using black-P and blue phosphorene (blue-P) monolayers, we propose a 2D van der Waals (vdW) heterojunction. Theoretical results, including the band structures, density of states, Bader charge population, charge density di erence, and optical absorption spectra, clearly reveal that the visible light absorption ability is obviously improved, and the band edge alignment of the proposed vdW heterojunction displays a typical type-II feature to effectively separate the photogenerated carriers. At the same time, the built-in interfacial electric field prevents the electron-hole recombination. These predictions suggest that the examined phosphorene-based vdW heterojunction is an efficient photocatalyst for solar water splitting.

Parametrization of Transfer Matrix:for One-Dimensional Anderson Model with Diagonal Disorder

In this paper, we developed a new parametrization method to calculate the localization length in one-dimensionalAnderson model with diagonal disorder.This method can avoid the divergence difficulty encountered in theconventional methods, and significantly save computing time as well.

Motifs of Revulsion in George Eliot＇s Middlemarch and Induction of Moral Conflicts

This paper selects revulsion and its networking emotion： resentment and disgust as a generic form of novel studies and the subject of moral investigation. Motifs of revulsion create complex bedding texture of the plot, which introduces personality and inner visions of characters in the novel. It unifies the binding power of narrative history and informs readers various aspects of morality in the Victorian era, in addition, to present a lyrical tone of social ethics. The following analysis takes Eliot＇s Middlemarch as the base text. I shall explain the lexical meaning and textual discussion of revulsion, resentment and disgust spirally within its context, then illustrate with paranthetical examples and different idioms. Later arguments turn to what Eliot defines as faction of human duty in life, which is the nuanced requirement of a subject stands against himself or herself through the disposition of conscience as verdict. This disposition provides unlimited parallels for instinctive presence of internal feelings and thresholds that are constantly affecting moral understandings.

The Estimation of the Number of Zeros of the Abelian Integrals for a Class of Hamiltonian Systems

In this paper, we discuss the estimation of the number of zeros of the Abelian integral for the quadratic system which has a periodic region with a parabola and a straight line as its boundary when we perturb the system inside the class of all polynomial systems of degree n. The main result is that the upper bound for the number of zeros of the Abelian integral associated to this system is 3n-1.

R-mode Instability of Neutron Star with Non-Newtonian Gravity

The Chandrasekhar-Friedmann-Schutz （CFS） instabilities of r-modes for canonical neutron stars （1.4 Me） with rigid crusts are investigated by using an equation of state of asymmetric nuclear matter with super-soft symmetry energy, where the non-Newtonian gravity proposed in the grand unification theories is also considered. Constrained by the observations of the masses and the spin frequencies for neutron stars, the boundary of the r-mode instability window for a canonical neutron star is obtained, and the results show that the observed neutron stars are all outside the instability window, which is consistent with the theoretical expectation. In addition, an upper limit of the non-Newtonian gravity parameters is also given.