心理学:研究人的另类科学——对心理学学科性质的再认识

科学心理学自诞生以来,学者们对其学科性质、科学类别一直存在争议,至今尚未形成共论。文章从心理学是一门研究人的“人学”出发,对心理学的学科性质进行了再考察,并对心理学的知识领域及其在科学体系中的另类特征进行了分析与描述,认为心理学本质是一门综合性的“人学”,其学科性质是一门另类科学,其知识形态既是科学,又是文化。

Role based access control design using Triadic concept analysis

Role based access control is one of the widely used access control models.There are investigations in the literature that use knowledge representation mechanisms such as formal concept analysis(FCA),description logics,and Ontology for representing access control mechanism.However,while using FCA,investigations reported in the literature so far work on the logic that transforms the three dimensional access control matrix into dyadic formal contexts.This transformation is mainly to derive the formal concepts,lattice structure and implications to represent role hierarchy and constraints of RBAC.In this work,we propose a methodology that models RBAC using triadic FCA without transforming the triadic access control matrix into dyadic formal contexts.Our discussion is on two lines of inquiry.We present how triadic FCA can provide a suitable representation of RBAC policy and we demonstrate how this representation follows role hierarchy and constraints of RBAC on sample healthcare network available in the literature.

Anselm and Derrida An Unlikely Connection

This essay suggests an unlikely encounter between the recent thinker of the deconstruction of speeches, Jacques Derrida, and the medieval constructor of theological speeches, Saint Anselm. The common motto is the idea of gift. The gift of the death of Christ in the economy of salvation is the target of Derrida＇s deconstruction. Anselm himself enables this. However, there is in Anselm＇s theology of Trinity a metaphysics of the gift of being and of being other, elaborated with regard to the procession of the Holy Spirit. And it is possible to submit the original gift of the Holy Spirit to the same kind of deconstruction, that is, of economic reduction, to which the gift of the death of Christ had been submitted. But both the construction and the deconstruction of the theology of gift resort to the same kind of analogy procedure. And economy does not enable us to think the gift as purely as does theology.

Three Is a Magic Number： The Trinity Archetype in Harry Potter

The significance of the trinity archetype and the number three is recurrent in religions and myths around the world Within the trinity archetype, each element is both distinct from and symbiotic with the other elements--that is to say, each stands apart from the others, but none can truly function alone. This can be seen throughout Greek mythology, for example, The Moirae and The Musai, and of eourse, through the Christian Trinity of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. While the archetype of the trinity appears numerous times throughout the Potter series, at its very heart, the series is centrally focused on a triad of trinities： the Trio （Harry, Ron, and Hermione）, the three Unforgivable Curses, and the three Deathly Hallows. It is the intersection of this triad of trinities--this ＂supertrinity＂--that not only drive the Potter narrative, but connect the work so readily to the psyche of readers and fans; it is how we are harmonically programmed, in terms of understanding stories.

Blasphemy and Islamic Sophism in Selected Poems by Emily Dickinson

In spite the fact that Emily Elizabeth Dickinson lived during the 19th century Amherst among conservative community that gave less chance to female voice to gain a share in social and political life, she paved the way for the coming female thinkers to obtain more freedom of thought and expression. In other words, since she was convient that ＂Abdiction of Belief makes the Behaviour Small＂, she undercut social conventions and moved under gradual shift from Orthodox Trinitarianism into new thoughts of liberalism. However, in good deal of her work, she still pertains to religious conservatism in wider sense than Amhest Church had been dectated.

The Tree of Death and Eternal Life

The ＂Tree of Death＂ is a metaphor I use to unlock my Christian assumptions on how the dead attain eternal existence in the afterlife state. The tree＇s unconcealedness, in this life and presumably the next, along with the moral habits an agent develops in this life explain the obstinacy of the dead, that is, how the agent＇s irrevocable decision to side with the God of Abraham, or not, is possible. For that to be the case, the existential relationships that generate personal identity in this life must accompany （individuate） the subject in the next life. In Christian philosophy, the person-making process mirrors the relationships of the Blessed Trinity. While Martin Heidegger is not a Christian philosopher, his view on truth and being＇s unconcealedness provides a useful piece of the argument to continue the Thomistic case for personal immortality. Heidegger is not a catholic philosopher, but the focus he places on being＇s unconcealedness is consonant with the focus Thomas Aquinas puts on the intelligibility of being. While Heidegger＇s discussion of being is rooted in Dasein＇s finitude, the Thomistic interpretation of being situates unconcealedness within the perspective of God＇s creative act. His vision resets the possibility of applying Heidegger＇s fundamental ontology beyond temporality. The paper develops through a discussion of the Tree＇s ＂branches, trunk, and roots＂ to conclude that the Christian perspective transforms Heidegger＇s view of death into ＂the ultimate possibility of possibility.＂

The Trinity Triangle and the Homonymy of the Word ＂Is＂ in Natural Language

There are philosophers and logicians who do think that the Trinity-triangle makes up an evident formal-logic inconsistency demonstrating convincingly that Christian faith is illogical and hence irrational one. The present paper submits a systematic counter-argumentation against such thinking. According to the submitted counter-arguments, there is no formal-logic inconsistency in the Holy-Trinity-triangle： There is only a logic-linguistic illusion of such inconsistency which illusion is naturally produced by the ambiguity of the word ＂is＂ in natural language. The author has invented an effective remedy for that illusion, namely, a precise formulation of the generalized and thus modernized Guillotine of Hume by means of an artificial language of two-valued algebraic system of formal ethics of moral rigor. Systematical using the mathematized formulation of the generalized Hume＇s Guillotine cuts down the mentioned linguistic illusion of logical inconsistency. Thus, the paper essentially interconnects discrete mathematical representations of formal iogic of thinking and formal ethics of acting. In relation to contemporary symbolic logic, the author submits not a technical result solving some important particular problem concerning some specific system of symbolic logic but a significantly new result of conceptual work concerning logic in general and its interconnection with mathematical ethics. The old idea of logic as a moral science is transformed into a novel idea of symbolic logic as a brunch of mathematical ethics. In particular, two-valued algebra of classical formal logic is considered as a particular case of two-valued algebra of formal ethics of moral rigor. The submitted conception of logic is instantiated by applying it to the knotty logic-problem of Holy-Trinity-triangle.

A Study of ESP Teaching In the Era of MOOCs

This paper makes a detailed analysis of Course Schedules （2013-2014） of College English in four universities of C9 League, which reveals that ESP courses are much less than EGP courses, even in the top universities in our country, and that the implementation of ESP teaching is hindered for many reasons. Therefore, based on the rapid development of MOOC and the one-size-fits-one guideline of college English teaching, the preferences of ESPMOOC have been illustrated, and the framework to practice trinity ESP teaching mode has been explicitly depicted. The mode refers to the combination of traditional classroom teaching, flipped teaching on aid of MOOC, and autonomous MOOC learning under the condition that ESP teaching group is elaborately set up and 2-band ESP teaching is preferably promoted.

The Creation of Public Nature in Community Public Space Design

The rational design of urban public space has more and more attention of the community; in the end, people need public spaces of an active exploration and attempt. Through human experience of urban public space, the design of public space in the city questioned the rationality, emphasized the human behavior activities on public space design requirements, and emphasized the place of people, human behavior activities, and the activities of the Trinity design ideas. By comparing the two public spaces Analysis of Chongqing, it further emphasized the left of human activity, human stories and spirit; public space has lost its significance.

Comparative analysis of de novo transcriptome assembly

The fast development of next-generation sequencing technology presents a major computational challenge for data processing and analysis.A fast algorithm,de Bruijn graph has been successfully used for genome DNA de novo assembly;nevertheless,its performance for transcriptome assembly is unclear.In this study,we used both simulated and real RNA-Seq data,from either artificial RNA templates or human transcripts,to evaluate five de novo assemblers,ABySS,Mira,Trinity,Velvet and Oases.Of these assemblers,ABySS,Trinity,Velvet and Oases are all based on de Bruijn graph,and Mira uses an overlap graph algorithm.Various numbers of RNA short reads were selected from the External RNA Control Consortium(ERCC) data and human chromosome 22.A number of statistics were then calculated for the resulting contigs from each assembler.Each experiment was repeated multiple times to obtain the mean statistics and standard error estimate.Trinity had relative good performance for both ERCC and human data,but it may not consistently generate full length transcripts.ABySS was the fastest method but its assembly quality was low.Mira gave a good rate for mapping its contigs onto human chromosome 22,but its computational speed is not satisfactory.Our results suggest that transcript assembly remains a challenge problem for bioinformatics society.Therefore,a novel assembler is in need for assembling transcriptome data generated by next generation sequencing technique.