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乾隆年间清宫藏品中的福、禄、寿三星图样
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作者 栾晔 《中国美术》 2022年第3期78-82,共5页
在中国传统文化中,福、禄、寿三星承载着民间对美好生活的祈愿,是象征祥瑞的典型神话形象。自其在明清以后有了较为固定的人格化形象,便被广泛用作绘画和工艺制品的图样元素。纵观乾隆时期的清宫旧藏,福、禄、寿三星题材的作品极为丰富... 在中国传统文化中,福、禄、寿三星承载着民间对美好生活的祈愿,是象征祥瑞的典型神话形象。自其在明清以后有了较为固定的人格化形象,便被广泛用作绘画和工艺制品的图样元素。纵观乾隆时期的清宫旧藏,福、禄、寿三星题材的作品极为丰富。笔者将从清宫御制“三星图”的角度出发,阐述清宫造办处如何利用历代清宫藏福、禄、寿三星题材作品来制作有清宫特色的“三星图”图样。 展开更多
关键词 “三星图” 吉祥 清宫 造办处 乾隆
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A 3-D Polarization Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Method and Constellation Mapping 被引量:2
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作者 SUN Xuehong ZHANG Haiying +1 位作者 ZENG Zhimin GUO Caili 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2015年第10期16-26,共11页
As a new three-dimensional(3-D)modulation,Polarization Quadrature Amplitude Modulation(PQAM) can be regarded as the combination of Pulse amplitude modulation(PAM) and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation(QAM) Modulation.It... As a new three-dimensional(3-D)modulation,Polarization Quadrature Amplitude Modulation(PQAM) can be regarded as the combination of Pulse amplitude modulation(PAM) and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation(QAM) Modulation.It can better improve the digital communication efficiency and reduce the Symbol error rate(SER) of the system than one-dimensional or two-dimensional modulation scheme.How to design a feasible constellation is the most concerned problem of PQAM currently.This paper first studies the relationship between the SER theoretical value of PQAM and the distribution of M and N,proposes a new M,N allocation scheme.Secondly,a new and straightforward design method of constructing higher-level 3-D signal constellations,which can be matched with the PQAM,and the constellation can divided into three different structures according to the ary for PQAM.Finally,the simulation results show that:in PQAM system,the modulation scheme and the constellation mapping scheme are proposed in this paper which can effectively reduce the system SER and improve the anti-noise performance of the system. 展开更多
关键词 polarization quadrature amplitude modulation minimum euclidean distance symbol error probability 3-D constellation
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