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论主权的“不可分割”性——兼论西欧整合中的主权“让渡”问题 被引量:7
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作者 卢凌宇 《欧洲研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2003年第3期11-23,共13页
本文从历史唯物主义的立场出发,通过探讨主权与治权的关系、“主权可分——让渡论”的思想和政治本质以及欧盟的主权“让渡”案例,论证了主权的不可“分割”性。
关键词 主权 “不可分割”性 历史唯物主义 治权 欧盟 “主权可分-让渡论”
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Discriminant Models for Uncertainty Characterization in Area Class Change Categorization
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作者 Jingxiong Zhang Jiong You 《Geo-Spatial Information Science》 2011年第4期255-261,共7页
Discriminant space defining area classes is an important conceptual construct for uncertainty characterization in area-class maps.Discriminant models were promoted as they can enhance consistency in area-class mapping... Discriminant space defining area classes is an important conceptual construct for uncertainty characterization in area-class maps.Discriminant models were promoted as they can enhance consistency in area-class mapping and replicability in error modeling.As area classes are rarely completely separable in empirically realized discriminant space,where class inseparabil-ity becomes more complicated for change categorization,we seek to quantify uncertainty in area classes(and change classes)due to measurement errors and semantic discrepancy separately and hence assess their relative margins objectively.Experiments using real datasets were carried out,and a Bayesian method was used to obtain change maps.We found that there are large differences be-tween uncertainty statistics referring to data classes and information classes.Therefore,uncertainty characterization in change categorization should be based on discriminant modeling of measurement errors and semantic mismatch analysis,enabling quanti-fication of uncertainty due to partially random measurement errors,and systematic categorical discrepancies,respectively. 展开更多
关键词 UNCERTAINTY information classes data classes discriminant models conditional simulation land cover change
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