论中国风格流行音乐地域化创作技术与应用实践——以“东北风”流行歌曲为例

本文通过对中国风格流行音乐作品中“东北风”流行歌曲的歌词意境、旋律创作、节奏与结构、编曲配器及音色运用深入分析,揭示了这些技术在“东北风”流行歌曲创作中的具体运用。中国风格流行音乐的地域化创作技术与应用实践,在“东北风”流行歌曲中具有显著的独特性和创新性,为“东北风”音乐风格的发展提供了重要的理论支撑和实践指导。本文对于推动中国风格流行音乐的地域化创作技术与应用实践,以及“东北风”流行歌曲的发展具有重要的理论与实践意义。

荧屏“东北风”与区域文化电视传播

二人转表演艺术的"活性"应变能力,使它能够在对"原生"的保护传承中,释放出超越的潜能;二人转"活化"的兼容特点,使它可以在对未来的"再生"创新发展中,表现出洒脱的品性。"东北风"所以能够形成,是因为它的内涵适应了不确定性变化过程中的所有变化;东北区域文化之所以能够形成电视文化传播的热门景象,是因为二人转表演艺术契合了电视传播所营造的特殊语境。

Analysis on Status and Development Trend of Wind Erosion in Black Earth Region of Northeast China

In this paper,areas and main factors of wind erosion in black earth region of Northeast China were systematically analyzed,as well as the development trend of wind erosion in black earth region of Northeast China.In addition,development trend of wind erosion in black earth region of Northeast China was analyzed from the aspects of the geographic position,climatic change law in recent 40 years and effects of northeast sand land desertification on wind erosion in black earth region,which had provided references for the research and prevention of wind erosion in soil of black earth region of Northeast China.

Numerical simulation of wave fi eld in the South China Sea using WAVEWATCH III

Wave fields of the South China Sea （SCS） from 1976 to 2005 were simulated using WAVEWATCH III by inputting high-resolution reanalysis wind field datasets assimilated from several meteorological data sources. Comparisons of wave heights between WAVEWATCH III and TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter and buoy data show a good agreement. Our results show seasonal variation of wave direction as follows： 1. During the summer monsoon （April-September）, waves from south occur from April through September in the southern SCS region, which prevail taking about 40% of the time; 2. During the winter monsoon （December-March）, waves from northeast prevail throughout the SCS for 56% of the period; 3. The dominant wave direction in SCS is NE. The seasonal variation of wave height Hs in SCS shows that in spring, Hs〉l m in the central SCS region and is less than 1 m in other areas. In summer, Hs is higher than in spring. During September- November, influenced by tropical cyclones, Hs is mostly higher than 1 m. East of Hainan Island, Hs〉2 m. In winter, Hs reaches its maximum value influenced by the north-east monsoon, and heights over 2 m are found over a large part of SCS. Finally, we calculated the extreme wave parameters in SCS and found that the extreme wind speed and wave height for the 100-year return period for SCS peaked at 45 m/s and 19 m, respectively, SE of Hainan Island and decreased from north to south.

Simulation of Precipitation in Monsoon Regions of China by CMIP3 Models

The output of 25 models used in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3) were evaluated,with a focus on summer precipitation in eastern China for the last 40 years of the 20th century.Most mod-els failed to reproduce rainfall associated with the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM),and hence the seasonal cycle in eastern China,but provided reasonable results in Southwest (SW) and Northeast China (NE).The simula-tions produced reasonable results for the Yangtze-Huai (YH) Basin area,although the Meiyu phenomenon was underestimated in general.One typical regional phe-nomenon,a seasonal northward shift in the rain belt from early to late summer,was completely missed by most models.The long-term climate trends in rainfall over eastern China were largely underestimated,and the ob-served geographical pattern of rainfall changes was not reproduced by most models.Precipitation extremes were evaluated via parameters of fitted GEV (Generalized Ex-treme Values) distributions.The annual extremes were grossly underestimated in the monsoon-dominated YH and SW regions,but reasonable values were calculated for the North China (NC) and NE regions.These results suggest a general failure to capture the dynamics of the EASM in current coupled climate models.Nonetheless,models with higher resolution tend to reproduce larger decadal trends and annual extremes of precipitation in the regions studied.

Winter Meso-Scale Shear Front in the Yellow Sea and Its Sedimentary Effects

In this paper,the authors explored the presence of shear fronts between the Yellow Sea Coastal Current(YSCC) and the monsoon-strengthened Yellow Sea Warm Current(YSWC) in winter and their sedimentary effects within the shear zone based on a fully validated numerical model.This work added the wind force to a tidal model during simulating the winter baroclinic circulation in the Yellow Sea.The results indicate that the YSWC is significantly strengthened by wind-driven compensation due to a northeast monsoon during winter time.When this warm current encounters the North Shandong-South Yellow Sea coastal current,there is a strong reverse shear action between the two current systems,forming a reverse-S-shaped shear front that begins near 34?N in the south and extends to approximately 38?N,with an overall length of over 600 km.The main driving force for the formation of this shear front derives from the circulation system with the reverse flow.In the shear zone,temperature and salinity gradients increase,flow velocities are relatively small and the flow direction on one side of the shear zone is opposite to that on the other side.The vertical circulation structure is complicated,consisting of a series of meso-and small-scale anti-clockwise eddies.Particularly,this shear effect significantly hinders the horizontal exchange of coastal sediments carried by warm currents,resulting in fine sediments deposition due to the weak hydrodynamic regime.

Evaluation of High-Resolution WRF Model Simulations of Surface Wind over the West Coast of India

This paper presents results from a statistical validation of the hindcasts of surface wind by a high-reso-ution-mesoscale atmospheric numerical model Advanced Research WRF （ARW3.3）, which is set up to force the operational coastal ocean forecast system at Indian Na- tional Centre for Ocean Information Services （INCOIS）. Evaluation is carried out based on comparisons of day-3 forecasts of surface wind with in situ and remote-sensing data. The results show that the model predicts the surface wind fields fairly accurately over the west coast of India, with high skill in predicting the surface wind during the pre-monsoon season. The model predicts the diurnal variability of the surface wind with reasonable accuracy. The model simulates the land-sea breeze cycle in the coastal region realistically, which is very clearly observed during the northeast monsoon and pre-monsoon season and is less prominent during the southwest monsoon season.

Reversal process of the South China Sea western boundary current in autumn 2011

Using merged sea level anomaly and absolute geostrophic velocity products from satellite altimetry and Argos drifter data, we analyzed the reversal process of the South China Sea （SCS） westem boundary current （SCSwbc） from a summer to winter pattern in 2011 and important oceanic phenomena during this process. Results show that the outbreak time of the northeast monsoon over the southern SCS lagged that over the northern SCS by about 1 month. During the SCS monsoon reversal period, the SCSwbc reversed rapidly into the winter pattern at the Guangdong continental slope in late September. Subsequently, the southward Vietnam coastal boundary current strengthened. However, the northward Natuna Current maintained a summer state until mid-October. Thus, the balance between the southward and northward currents was lost when they met, their junction moved gradually southward. However, a loop current formed southeast of Vietnam because the main stream of the Vietnam Offshore Current （VOC） remained near its original latitude, Meanwhile, the VOC and associated dipole circulation system strengthened. After mid- October, the northward Natuna Current began to weaken, the loop current finally shed, becoming a cool ring. The VOC and its associated dipole sub-basin circulation system also weakened gradually until it disappeared.

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Oncaeidae in Chabahar Bay, Gulf of Oman

The spatial and temporal distribution patterns of the zooplankton of Chabahar Bay, Gulf of Oman were investigated. Zooplankton sampling was collected twice a season at five stations in Chabahar Bay. Sampling was done during July-August 2007 （SW-monsoon）, October-November 2007 （post-monsoon）, January-February 2008 （NE-monsoon）, and March-May 2008 （pre-monsoon）. Five stations were investigated throughout Chabahar Bay. Four species of Oncaeidae （Oncaea media, Oncaea minuta, Oncaea venusta and Oncaea clevei） were identified. The abundance of Oncaea media was maximum in the post-monsoon （〉 700 ind..m3） and disappeared in pre-monsoon while Oncaea minuta was maximum in post-monsoon （〉 130 ind..m3） and disappeared in NE-monsoon and pre-monsoon. Oncaea venusta showed the highest abundance in post-monsoon （〉 370 ind..m3） and the lowest in pre-monsoon （〈 55 ind..m-3）. The highest abundance of Oncaea clevei was in post-monsoon （〈 240 ind..m-3） and lowest in NE-monsoon. Overall, the highest abundance of Oncaeidae was observed in post-monsoon. The results showed that depth was the most important factor controlling abundance of the Oncaeidae. Spatially, the highest abundance of Oncaeidae species was found in off shore stations. Four species of this family showed positive correlation with depth. Also, O. venusta showed negative correlation with salinity that showed this species prefers low saline water.

Projection of the summer northern East Asian low under global warming in CMIP5 models

The East Asian summer climate is modulated by a low-pressure system over northern East Asia（NEAL） and a subtropical high over the western North Pacific. Many studies have focused on the subtropical high, but little is known about NEAL, especially its change in the future under global warming scenarios. This study investigates the projected change in NEAL in the late twenty-first century, using the outputs of 20 models from Phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project — specifically, their historical climate simulations（HIST） and future climate projections under the Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5（RCP4.5） and 8.5（RCP8.5） scenarios. The results show that the models capture the NEAL well in HIST. The NEAL is weakened in the late twenty-first century under the two RCP scenarios, with a stronger weakening under RCP8.5 than under RCP4.5.The weakened NEAL increases the geopotential height zonal gradient in the west and causes a southerly anomaly, which may bring more moisture and rainfall to northern East Asia.

Changes in Climatic Factors and Extreme Climate Events in Northeast China during 1961-2010

This study focuses on examining the characteristics of climate factors and extreme climate events in Northeast China during 1961- 2010 by using daily data from 104 stations, including surface air temperature, precipitation, wind speed, sunshine duration, and snow depth. Results show that annual mean temperature increased at a significant rate of 0.35℃ per decade, most notably in the Lesser Khingan Mountains and in winter. Annual rainfall had no obvious linear trend, while rainy days had a significant decreasing trend. So, the rain intensity increased. High-temperature days had a weak increasing trend, and low-temperature days and cold wave showed significant decreasing trends with rates of 3.9 d per decade and -0.64 times per decade, respectively. Frequency and spatial scope of low-temperature hazard reduced significantly. Warm days and warm nights significantly increased at 1.0 and 2.4 d per decade, while cold days and cold nights decreased significantly at -1.8 and -4.1 d per decade, respectively. The nighttime warming rate was much higher than that for daytime, indicating that nighttime warming had a greater contribution to the overall warming trend than daytime warming. The annual mean wind speed, gale days, and sunshine duration had significant decreasing trends at rates of-0.21 m s-1 per decade, -4.0 d per decade and -43.3 h per decade, respectively. The snow cover onset dates postponed at a rate of 1.2 d per decade, and the snow cover end date advanced at 1.5 d per decade, which leads to shorter snow cover duration by -2.7 d per decade. Meanwhile, the maximum snow depth decreased at -0.52 cm per decade. In addition, the snow cover duration shows a higher correlation with precipitation than with temperature, which suggests that precipitation plays a more important role in maintaining snow cover duration than temperature.

Analysis of China's Haze Days in the Winter Half-Year and the Climatic Background during 1961–2012

The characteristics of haze days and the climatic background are analyzed by using daily observations of haze,precipitation,mean and maximum wind speed of 664 meteorological stations for the period of 1961–2012.The results show that haze days occur significantly more often in eastern China than in western China.The annual number of haze days is 5–30 d in most parts of central-eastern China,with some areas experiencing more than 30 d,while less than 5 d are averagely occurring in western China.Haze days are mainly concentrated in the winter half-year,with most in winter,followed by autumn,spring,and then summer.Nearly 20%of annual haze days are experienced in December.The haze days in central-eastern China in the winter half-year have a significant increasing trend of 1.7 d per decade during 1961–2012.There were great increases in haze days in the 1960s,1970s and the beginning of the 21st century.There was also significant abrupt changes of haze days in the early 1970s and 2000s.From 1961 to 2012,haze days in the winter half-year increased in South China,the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River,and North China,but decreased in Northeast China,eastern Northwest China and eastern Southwest China.The number of persistent haze is rising.The Longer the haze,the greater the proportion to the number persistent haze.Certain climatic conditions exacerbated the occurrence of haze.The correlation coefficient between haze days and precipitation days in the winter half-year is mainly negative in central-eastern China.The precipitation days show a decreasing trend in most parts of China,with a rate of around–4.0 d per decade in central-eastern China,which reduces the sedimentation capacity of atmospheric pollutants.During the period of 1961–2012,the correlation coefficients between haze days and mean wind speed and strong wind days are mainly negative in central-eastern China,while there exists positive correlation between haze days and breeze days in the winter half-year.The mean wind speed and strong wind days are decreasing,while breeze days are increasing in most parts of China,which is benefitial to the reduction of the pollutants diffusion capacity.As a result,haze occurs more easily.

The Impacts of the Imperfect Storm on Northeast lapan

On March 11, 2011, a simply unprecedented set of circumstances occurred in Northeast ]apan. Three disasters struck nearly simultaneously： a 9.0 earthquake, huge tsunami, and nuclear catastrophe. People and places were forever changed. Using a series of vignettes, this paper personalized these numbers through a review of rebuilding efforts, voluntarism, consumer food impacts, and consumer behavior associated with the imperfect storm that destroyed more than 46,000 buildings, killed more than 12,000, and resulted in damages from the tsunami and earthquake alone of between 16 and 25 trillion yen. Possible implications of these results are advanced.

Interdecadal variability of summer precipitation in the Three River Source Region: Influences of SST and zonal shifts of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet

Summer precipitation in the Three Rivers Source Region(TRSR)of China is vital for the headwaters of the Yellow,Yangtze,and Lancang rivers and exhibits significant interdecadal variability.This study investigates the influence of the East Asian westerly jet(EAWJ)on TRSR rainfall.A strong correlation is found between TRSR summer precipitation and the Jet Zonal Position Index(JZPI)of the EAWJ from 1961 to 2019(R=0.619,p<0.01).During periods when a positive JZPI indicates a westward shift in the EAWJ,enhanced water vapor anomalies,warmer air,and low-level convergence anomalies contribute to increased TRSR summer precipitation.Using empirical orthogonal function and regression analyses,this research identifies the influence of large-scale circulation anomalies associated with the Atlantic–Eurasian teleconnection(AEA)from the North Atlantic(NA).The interdecadal variability between the NA and central tropical Pacific(CTP)significantly affects TRSR precipitation.This influence is mediated through the AEA via a Rossby wave train extending eastward along the EAWJ,and another south of 45°N.Moreover,the NA–CTP Opposite Phase Index(OPI),which quantifies the difference between the summer mean sea surface temperatures of the NA and the CTP,is identified as a critical factor in modulating the strength of this teleconnection and influencing the zonal position of the EAWJ.

纯真生命与世界的鲜活对话——论满族女诗人王立春的儿童诗创作与探索

当代满族女诗人王立春,以儿童为本位,用生命与世界进行对话。独特的童年生命体验,对儿童泛灵思维的推崇,满族文化的深层影响,使她构建了一个万物有灵的鲜活世界。她关注当下儿童的童年生态,捍卫儿童的梦想与心灵。她用自己恣意的想象,简单的语言,独特的艺术表达方式,构建了当代儿童诗难能可贵的开阔大气又与众不同的审美空间。

Central Asian aridification during the late Eocene to early Miocene inferred from preliminary study of shallow marine-eolian sedimentary rocks from northeastern Tajik Basin

The tempo-spatial development of the Cenozoic Asian aridification across the Eocene-Oligocene and its controlling factors are important scientific topics in Earth Sciences, which are pertinent to regional and global tectonic and climatic events. However, sedimentary rocks preserving the record of aridification during this time from central Asia(ACA) are rare. Here we present a preliminary analysis of sedimentary facies of the lower Paleogene in the northeastern Tajik Basin, which reveals that: the lower part of the studied section is dominated by shallow marine deposits of the Paratethys, the middle part is typical of alternations of eolian dune and fluvial deposits, the upper part is represented by eolian loess-sandy loess(L&SL) like facies, and the top exhibits alternations of fluvial-lacustrine and loess like facies. Based on a chronological framework derived from preliminary magnetostratigraphy, published U-Pb dating of a volcanic ash, and regional litho-stratigraphic correlations, we determine that eolian and L&SL facies accumulated in the northeastern Tajik Basin during the Late Eocene and through most of the Oligocene. These sedimentary units indicate that semi-arid to arid environments of ACA had developed at least since the late Eocene. This initial aridification is closely linked to the westward retreat of the Paratethys that was likely driven by a combination of tectonic activity and sea level changes.

A climatological northern boundary index for the East Asian summer monsoon and its interannual variability

A long-term perspective on the spatial variation of the northern boundary of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) and the related physical mechanisms is important for understanding past climate change in Asia and for predicting future changes. However, most of the meteorological definitions of the EASM northern boundary do not correspond well to the actual geographical environment, which is problematic for paleoclimatic research. Here, we use monthly CMAP and GPCP precipitation data to define a new EASM northern boundary index by using the concept of the global monsoon, which is readily applicable to paleoclimatic research. The results show that the distribution of the 2 mm day^(-1) precipitation isoline(i.e., 300 mm precipitation)has a good relationship with the spatial distribution of modern land cover types, the transitional climate zone and the potential natural vegetation types, in China. The locations of the precipitation isolines also correspond well to the locations of major shifts in wind direction. These results suggest that the 2 mm day^(-1) isoline has a clear physical significance since the climatic, ecological,and geographical boundary can be used as the northern boundary index of the EASM(which we call the climatological northern boundary index). The index depicts the northeast-southwest orientation of the climatological(1981-2010) EASM northern boundary, along the eastern part of the Qilian Mountains-southern foothills of the Helan Mountains-Daqing Mountains-western margin of the Greater Khingan Range, from west to east across Northwest and Northeast China. The interannual change of the EASM northern boundary from 1980 to 2015 covers the central part of Gansu, the northern part of Ningxia, the eastern part of Inner Mongolia and the northeastern region in China. It can extend northward to the border between China and Mongolia and retreat southward to Shangdong-central Henan. There is a 200-700 km fluctuation range of the interannual EASM northern boundaries around the locations of the climatological northern boundary. In addition, the spatial variation of the interannual EASM northern boundaries gradually increases from west to east, whereas the trend of north-south fluctuations maintains a roughly consistent location in different regions.

East Asian-North Indian Ocean thermal contrast and variation in the East Asian summer monsoon for the past 2650 years

Using observational data, the East Asian-North Indian Ocean index （]EANI）, which reflects a tropospheric thermal contrast, is found to correlate well with the East Asian summer monsoon （EASM） and associated rainfall over eastern China. Corresponding to a higher （lower） IEANI, the EASM at mid-latitudes is stronger （weaker）, and there is more （less） rainfall in North China and less （more） rainfall near the Yangtze River valley. To investigate long-term variation in the EASM, we reconstructed the BC 665AD 1985 IEANI based on reconstructed temperatures in Beijing and Tasmania, Australia. Over the past 2000 years, the reconstructed/EANI generally represents centennial-scale variations in the EASM and rainfall over eastem China. The correlation pattern between the reconstructed IEANI and rainfall over eastern China is similar to modem observations, implying that the correlation feature at centennial scales also occurred over the past 2000 years. With respect to longer-scale （several hundreds to one thousand years） IEANI variations and their correlations with rainfall, further verifications should be performed using various paleoclimatic proxy data.