“法兰克福学派”的“中国形式”与问题

中国美学界从20世纪70年代末开始引介"法兰克福学派"的理论,经过40多年的理论旅行,"法兰克福学派"在中国美学界经历了一个从"批判/质疑/反对"到"认可/接受/赞同"的过程,也实质性地完成了与中国美学界的"理论对接"。作为一种西学话语,"法兰克福学派"理论和其他理论一样面临着中国语境的考量,"法兰克福学派"的中国接受客观上起到了促进中国当代美学话语转变的作用,使当代美学研究的问题性更加明显,增强了美学理论的现实批判性。但"法兰克福学派"在进入中国美学理论叙事的过程中也经历了美学意义上的理论重塑,客观上已经成为一种"法兰克福学派"的"中国形式"。

Climate Change in China Congruent with the Linear Trends of the Annular Modes

The authors exploit the remarkable connection between the Chinese climate trends and the annular modes by partitioning the trends into components linearly congruent with and linearly independent of the annular modes. Results show that the winter hemisphere annular mode has closer connection to Chinese climate than the summer one, e.g., the wetting JJA (June-July-August) rainfall trend along the Yangtze River valley and the associated temperature trends are significantly linearly congruent with the trend of the southern annular mode, while the JFM (January-February-March) climate trends are closely linked to the northern annular mode. The seasonal differences of a meridional wave-train-like chain across the equatorial Pacific associated with the annular modes are responsible for the seasonal-dependent connections to Chinese climate.

Spatial patterns in natural Picea crassifolia forests of northwestern China,as basis for close-to-nature forestry

Close-to-nature forest management has been proposed as an effective method for improving the quality of plantation forests. Knowledge of spatial distribution patterns, structure, and succession trajectories in natural forests can provide guidelines for the establishment of close-to-nature forest plantations. Such knowledge is lacking in natural spruce(Picea crassifolia) forests in the Qilian Mountains of China, impeding the establishment of production forests. We conducted a case study in the Qilian Mountains to analyze the relationships between the naturally-formed forest patches and terrain factors, spatial heterogeneity of stand characteristics, and stand structure following harvesting disturbance. Our results suggested that spruce plantations will be effective on the N, NE, and NW slopes, at elevations between 2700 and 3300 m, and on slopes ranging from 15° to 45°. Further, planted forest patches should occupy 64% of the slope area on semi-shady slopes(NE, NW). Spatial patterns in the studied forest exhibited a strong scale-effect, and an area of 0.25 ha could be used as the most efficient plot scale for the management of spruce plantations. Partial logging is an effective method for the conversion of spruce planted forests into nearnatural forests, and the intensity of partial logging can be determined from the negative exponential function relationship between stand density and DBH. Our results provided critical information for the development of spruce plantations and conversion of existing plantations.

The Research on Historical Evolution and Inheritance Development of Ansai waist drum in China

This article from the perspective of sports science and sociology to explain the origin and development ofansai waist drum, analyzes the historical evolution of ansai waist drum, analysis of ansai waist drum in problems existing in the process of development, and according to the analysis and the reality put forward the countermeasures of development of ansai waist drum inheritance： transmission of ansai waist drum based on school, and innovation of art form, ＂waist drum troupe＂ building, the establishment of various rules and regulations and the drummer cultivation mechanism and strengthening network, books, magazines and other publicity and performances.

Rank-size Distributions of Chinese Cities: Macro and Micro Patterns

A large number of studies have been conducted to find a better fit for city rank-size distributions in different countries. Many theoretical curves have been proposed, but no consensus has been reached. This study argues for the importance of examining city rank-size distribution across different city size scales. In addition to focusing on macro patterns, this study examines the micro patterns of city rank-size distributions in China. A moving window method is developed to detect rank-size distributions of cities in different sizes incrementally. The results show that micro patterns of the actual city rank-size distributions in China are much more complex than those suggested by the three theoretical distributions examined(Pareto, quadratic, and q-exponential distributions). City size distributions present persistent discontinuities. Large cities are more evenly distributed than small cities and than that predicted by Zipf′s law. In addition, the trend is becoming more pronounced over time. Medium-sized cities became evenly distributed first and then unevenly distributed thereafter. The rank-size distributions of small cities are relatively consistent. While the three theoretical distributions examined in this study all have the ability to detect the overall dynamics of city rank-size distributions, the actual macro distribution may be composed of a combination of the three theoretical distributions.

Study on the Integration of Two-dimensional Series Patterns with Clothes

The two-dimensional series patterns have been greatly applied to the changes of clothing details and edges, and the clothes with series edges is able to fully embody the clothing structure, highlight clothing modeling features, and modify the beauty of bodily form, so that clothes looks simple, decent, and cool, and its structure is clear to all; a form of rotation is formed on the human body, making the beauty-appreciation perspective of the viewers greatly changed. However, there are unending changes in the modern clothes, and therefore it is particularly important to explore a new design way of thinking in the field of design. The two-dimensional series patterns are reflected in the clothing details by relying on different composition forms, and can show the essence of traditional Chinese culture and promote design to win in details.

Discussion of the impact of folk arts on the art education in our country and the enlightenment of the creative thinking

In the face of various problems in the current art education, the targeted reform is very important. This reform can be embarked from the folk art handed down from the folk. In the classrooms, we should let the students contact the traditional arts and crafts, so that they know more about arts. In the history of China＇s bright and colorful folk arts, there flash numerous art forms, including the facial makeup art and culture, the shadow play art and culture, the paper-cut art and culture, and the kite drawing art and culture, and so on. These are the unique arts only of our nation with five thousand years of the development, and we need to well integrate them into the current art education, so as to form the unique system of the art education. This can not only play the role of inheriting the traditional Chinese cultures, but also can well arouse the children＇s interest in arts and their art creativity.

Deformation Pattern and Holocene Slip Rate Along the Fukang Fault in Eastern Tianshan, China

The deformation pattern and Holocene slip rate along the Fukang fault in Eastern Tianshan, China are analyzed and studied using the data obtained in field investigation. The result indicates that the Fukang fault consists of 4 low-angle south-dipping thrust faults with stepover, displaying recent tectonic activity. The movement along the termination parts of the fault is weaker, with an average vertical slip rate of 0 13～0 33 mm/a in Holocene, and along the middle part of the fault is stronger, with an average vertical slip rate larger than 1.42 mm/a in Holocene. The Holocene deformation pattern along the fault displays generally steady slip, multi-phase intermittent movement along its western segment, and persistent movement along its middle and eastern segments, which have caused rapid dislocation up to the surface in an earlier phase.

The Difficulties and Outlets of the Theory of Action Liberal in Cause An Additional Discussion about the Improvement of Article 18 and Article 133（1） in China＇s Criminal Law

The theory of action liberal in cause has a long history. But this concept originally did not exist in our country＇s traditional crinainal law. It has caused widespread controversy and discussion after being introduced into Chinese academy of criminal law. From researches on various viewpoints about the theory of action liberal in cause in German and Japanese theories of criminal law, this paper discusses problems such as recognition of the form of a crime of action liberal in cause, the basis of straPoarkeit and how to coordinate with criminal law principles like ＂capacity for responsibility coexists with capacity for act＂. In the end, it puts forward the scheme of modification for relevant legislation of action liberal in cause.

Upper mantle anisotropy and crust-mantle deformation pattern beneath the Chinese mainland

Over the past 10 years, the number of broadband seismic stations in China has increased significantly. The broadband seismic records contain information about shear-wave splitting which plays an important role in revealing the upper mantle anisotropy in the Chinese mainland. Based on teleseismic SKS and SKKS phases recorded in the seismic stations, we used the analytical method of minimum transverse energy to determine the fast wave polarization direction and delay time of shear-wave splitting. We also collected results of shear-wave splitting in China and the surrounding regions from previously published papers. From the combined dataset we formed a shear-wave splitting dataset containing 1020 parameter pairs. These splitting parameters re- veal the complexity of the upper mantle anisotropy image. Our statistical analysis indicates stronger upper mantle anisotropy in the Chinese mainland, with an average shear-wave time delay of 0,95 s; the anisotropy in the western region is slightly larger （1.01 s） than in the eastern region （0.92 s）. On a larger scale, the SKS splitting and surface deformation data in the Tibetan Plateau and the Tianshan region jointly support the lithospheric deformation mode, i.e. the crust-lithospheric mantle coherent deformation. In eastern China, the average fast-wave direction is approximately parallel to the direction of the absolute plate motion; thus, the upper mantle anisotropy can be attributed to the asthenospheric flow. The area from the Ordos block to the Sichuan Basin in central China is the transition zone of deformation modes between the east and the west regions, where the anisotropy images are more complicated, exhibiting ＂fossil＂ anisotropy and/or two-layer anis^3trc^py. The c^llisi（3n between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate is the main factor of upper mantle anisotropy in the western region of the Chinese mainland, while the upper mantle anisotropy in the eastern region is related to the subduction of the Pacific Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate.

The Profound Influence of Linguistic Change on the Development of Modern Chinese Literary Forms

Literature is the art of language, so in the light of the profound influence of linguistic transformation on the development of modem Chinese literary forms it is appropriate to present the history of the development of modern Chinese literature as the art of language. Modern Chinese literature starts with the linguistic transformation of the May Fourth Movement＇s rejection of classical Chinese and promotion of the vernacular. This language revolution and the transformation of literary language during each subsequent historical period have exerted a profound influence on the overall development of modern Chinese literature, including literary forms, and hence have become an inner source of the development and evolution of modern Chinese literary forms and of the shaping of their main characteristics. An in-depth discussion of the interaction between linguistic transformation and the development of modem Chinese literary forms as well as the roles governing this process will not only disclose the universal linguistic context of literary creation created by the transformation of language but will also enable us to find the historical sources of the phenomena of literary genres and forms, writers＇ choice of literary styles, the formal characteristics of literary works, etc., and will offer a correct explanation and evaluation of the May Fourth vernacular movement and the subsequent series of new literary forms andstyles. This is instrumental to achieving a better summation of the experience and lessons of the development of modem Chinese literary forms and to finding historical clues to the development of our present-day literary forms.