Following along with South Korean Pop culture sweeping across Chinese Mainland, Chinese market of South Korea tour is developing rapidly. An analysis demonstrates that the movie and television industry of South Korea ...Following along with South Korean Pop culture sweeping across Chinese Mainland, Chinese market of South Korea tour is developing rapidly. An analysis demonstrates that the movie and television industry of South Korea is one of the most essential factors to attract the potential tourist from China. South Korean Pop culture is directly affecting rather the image of South Korean as a tourist destination than tourists' purchasing. And the paper suggests a set of "4S" strategy for South Korean to combine the elements of South Korean movies with those of tourism, so as to create an industrial development pattern characterized as "movies + tourism".展开更多
As an effective livelihood approach to alleviate poverty without rural population migration, ethnic tourism has become the primary choice of economic development in ethnic areas worldwide in addition to traditional li...As an effective livelihood approach to alleviate poverty without rural population migration, ethnic tourism has become the primary choice of economic development in ethnic areas worldwide in addition to traditional livelihood approaches. This article applies the theories of livelihood to study the community evolution driven by tourism livelihood and examine three mountainous tourism communities in different stages of tourist area life cycle. Drawing on the methods of GIS spatial analysis, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires, this article proposes a sustainable livelihood framework for ethnic tourism to explore the evolution of ethnic tourism communities by identifying changes in livelihood assets(natural, financial, social, cultural and human capitals) in the process of tourism development. The results show that the development of ethnic tourism has led to changes in the increase of building land, and the diversification of land use functions with a trend of shifting from meeting local villagers' living needs to satisfying tourists, income composition and uneven distribution of tourism income spatially. Ethnic tourism also led to the deterioration of traditional social management structure, collapse of neighboring relationship, the over- commercialization and staged authenticity of ethnic culture, as well as the gradual vanish of agricultural knowledge with a trend of increasing modern business knowledge and higher education. In addition, these changes, involving livelihood assets from natural, economic, human, social and cultural aspects are interrelated and interactive, which form new evolution characters of ethnic community. This study reveals the conflicts over livelihood approaches which have formed new vulnerabilities to impact on sustainable evolution of ethnic communities. This research provides implications for achieving the sustainable development of ethnic communities with the driving force of tourism livelihood.展开更多
Ecotourism requires the harmony of all factors involved in tourism system for a multilateral benefit. Based on such cognition, a concept of deep ecotourism development is put forward which includes two connotations: o...Ecotourism requires the harmony of all factors involved in tourism system for a multilateral benefit. Based on such cognition, a concept of deep ecotourism development is put forward which includes two connotations: on the one hand, it should give prominence to the display of the eco-culture of the tourist destination and tourists' eco-experience, in which way the development behavior on the tourist destination and the tourists' behavior will be regulated; on the other hand, it implies the deep harmony among tourist entrepreneurs and tourists, the local governments and the local residents, as well as tourist activities and the ecological environment in the tourism development for the multilateral benefit of every element involved and sustainable tourism development. The common sense is that the degrees in a certain tourism destination will differ and that consequently four levels of ecotourism are divided - very shallow ecotourism, shallow ecotourism, deep ecotourism and very deep ecotourism. To move shallow ecotourism toward deep one, two models of "four subjects and two wings" and "connecting the two wings" of deep ecotourism development system are introduced to make ecotourism industry favorable to the display of eco-culture and the sustainable development of the destination community. With the two models, a case study of ecotourism development in Louguantai National Forest Park was made as a demonstration. The ultimate purpose is to build an ideal new Shangri-La.展开更多
This paper analyzes culture and forest culture, the intension of culture and forest culture, combines the understanding of the main cultural foctor with the forest tour activity of China, analyzes the compatible pheno...This paper analyzes culture and forest culture, the intension of culture and forest culture, combines the understanding of the main cultural foctor with the forest tour activity of China, analyzes the compatible phenomenon of Chinese forest culture and traditional culture, and explores culture of forest tourist site coutaining the meaning in forest tour. The author thinks the tour of forest culture which will be the important component of forest tour in forest culture. This paper puts forward simple questions existing in exploitation and advantage of forest rout culture, and proposes some countermeasures.展开更多
In response to the "isolated island" phenomenon emerging from the development of tourist resorts in China, this paper reviews the study of enclave tourism overseas, which has similar features to the resort &...In response to the "isolated island" phenomenon emerging from the development of tourist resorts in China, this paper reviews the study of enclave tourism overseas, which has similar features to the resort "island". Based on the literatures related to enclave tourism from Tourism Management and Annals of Tourism Research, this paper reviews the study of enclave tour- ism from the following aspects: definition discussion, theories used, causation of enclaves, characteristics and impacts of enclave tourism. The understanding of the overseas researches on enclave tourism would provide instructions for the study on the problems of Chinese resorts, such as enclavity and "island effects", and suggest measures for the sustainable development of resorts in China. This paper is divided into three sections. Section 1 briefly introduces the development of enclave tourism in developing countries and the outline of enclave tourism study. Section 2 elaborates on the contents of enclave tourism research and gives deep insights into the study on concepts, characteristics, causations and effects respectively, which is the key part of this paper; Section 3 concludes the review and proposes suggestions for the enclave tourism study in China.展开更多
SPSS13.0 was used to process the data of the 1-6 batch of key cultural relic conservation units promulgated by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of China;and multi-element evaluation method was used to cal...SPSS13.0 was used to process the data of the 1-6 batch of key cultural relic conservation units promulgated by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of China;and multi-element evaluation method was used to calculate the composite distribution index.The spatial distribution of cultural relics of provinces in China can be divided into four grades,namely:very rich areas,rich areas,poor areas and very poor areas;the article analyzes the characteristics of cultural resources in spatial and temporal distribution.The paper holds that(1)the distribution of China's cultural relic tourism resources is relatively concentrated,different sharply from region to region,with more Han nation's heritage,less relics of the ethnic minorities;(2) Henan,Hebei,Shaanxi,Shanxi Province are the main regions with heavy distribution of cultural resources;(3) relics appeared in specific time periods in China's history.Ming and Qing Dynasties,Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties,Song,Liao and Jin,the Western Han,Shang and Zhou dynasties,the New Stone Age are the major periods producing more cultural relics.This paper also analyzes relationships of the emergence of cultural relics with production technology,specific historical process,specific geographical location,political system,religion,national culture,customs,architectural styles and techniques of the traditional cultural educational system.Finally,the paper discusses the development and protection of heritage.展开更多
The scientific evaluation of tourism resources is not only an important prerequisite for the development of agri-cultural heritage tourism(AHT),but it can also promote the conservation and management of Important Agri...The scientific evaluation of tourism resources is not only an important prerequisite for the development of agri-cultural heritage tourism(AHT),but it can also promote the conservation and management of Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(IAHS).With the goal of providing scientific support for the sustainable management of tourism resources,this review systematically analyzes the overall situation,research regions,developmental timeline trends,key fields and hot topics of resource evaluation research related to AHT over 2005–2020.With a comprehensive perspective that incorporates both traditional literature review and quantitative literature review,the study revealed four important aspects of AHT research.(1)Relevant articles could be divided into two phases,a development-oriented period(2005–2012)and a conservation-oriented period(2013–2020).(2)GIAHS accounts for the absolute majority(about 66.7%)of relevant studies.In particular,Longji Terraces System,Hani terraces system and Dong’s Rice-Fish-Duck System were the research hotspots IAHS,and Yunnan,Zhejiang and Guangxi were the research hotspot provinces.(3)Terraced landscapes and tea culture were the most popular themes in tourism resource evaluation,while sports tourism,tea culture tourism and study tours are becoming the new trends in IAHS sites.(4)Research methods have undergone a shift from qualitative to quantitative approaches,and a combination of these two in an interdisciplinary manner is becoming a new research trend.By reviewing and prospecting the relevant literature,this study not only makes a unique contribution to the tourism resource evaluation of IAHS,but also helps to enrich the relevant evaluation theories and further promote the sustainable development of heritage tourism from theoretical and methodological perspectives.展开更多
文摘Following along with South Korean Pop culture sweeping across Chinese Mainland, Chinese market of South Korea tour is developing rapidly. An analysis demonstrates that the movie and television industry of South Korea is one of the most essential factors to attract the potential tourist from China. South Korean Pop culture is directly affecting rather the image of South Korean as a tourist destination than tourists' purchasing. And the paper suggests a set of "4S" strategy for South Korean to combine the elements of South Korean movies with those of tourism, so as to create an industrial development pattern characterized as "movies + tourism".
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41361033)
文摘As an effective livelihood approach to alleviate poverty without rural population migration, ethnic tourism has become the primary choice of economic development in ethnic areas worldwide in addition to traditional livelihood approaches. This article applies the theories of livelihood to study the community evolution driven by tourism livelihood and examine three mountainous tourism communities in different stages of tourist area life cycle. Drawing on the methods of GIS spatial analysis, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires, this article proposes a sustainable livelihood framework for ethnic tourism to explore the evolution of ethnic tourism communities by identifying changes in livelihood assets(natural, financial, social, cultural and human capitals) in the process of tourism development. The results show that the development of ethnic tourism has led to changes in the increase of building land, and the diversification of land use functions with a trend of shifting from meeting local villagers' living needs to satisfying tourists, income composition and uneven distribution of tourism income spatially. Ethnic tourism also led to the deterioration of traditional social management structure, collapse of neighboring relationship, the over- commercialization and staged authenticity of ethnic culture, as well as the gradual vanish of agricultural knowledge with a trend of increasing modern business knowledge and higher education. In addition, these changes, involving livelihood assets from natural, economic, human, social and cultural aspects are interrelated and interactive, which form new evolution characters of ethnic community. This study reveals the conflicts over livelihood approaches which have formed new vulnerabilities to impact on sustainable evolution of ethnic communities. This research provides implications for achieving the sustainable development of ethnic communities with the driving force of tourism livelihood.
文摘Ecotourism requires the harmony of all factors involved in tourism system for a multilateral benefit. Based on such cognition, a concept of deep ecotourism development is put forward which includes two connotations: on the one hand, it should give prominence to the display of the eco-culture of the tourist destination and tourists' eco-experience, in which way the development behavior on the tourist destination and the tourists' behavior will be regulated; on the other hand, it implies the deep harmony among tourist entrepreneurs and tourists, the local governments and the local residents, as well as tourist activities and the ecological environment in the tourism development for the multilateral benefit of every element involved and sustainable tourism development. The common sense is that the degrees in a certain tourism destination will differ and that consequently four levels of ecotourism are divided - very shallow ecotourism, shallow ecotourism, deep ecotourism and very deep ecotourism. To move shallow ecotourism toward deep one, two models of "four subjects and two wings" and "connecting the two wings" of deep ecotourism development system are introduced to make ecotourism industry favorable to the display of eco-culture and the sustainable development of the destination community. With the two models, a case study of ecotourism development in Louguantai National Forest Park was made as a demonstration. The ultimate purpose is to build an ideal new Shangri-La.
文摘This paper analyzes culture and forest culture, the intension of culture and forest culture, combines the understanding of the main cultural foctor with the forest tour activity of China, analyzes the compatible phenomenon of Chinese forest culture and traditional culture, and explores culture of forest tourist site coutaining the meaning in forest tour. The author thinks the tour of forest culture which will be the important component of forest tour in forest culture. This paper puts forward simple questions existing in exploitation and advantage of forest rout culture, and proposes some countermeasures.
基金National Scientific and Technological Project (Grant No. 40571059)
文摘In response to the "isolated island" phenomenon emerging from the development of tourist resorts in China, this paper reviews the study of enclave tourism overseas, which has similar features to the resort "island". Based on the literatures related to enclave tourism from Tourism Management and Annals of Tourism Research, this paper reviews the study of enclave tour- ism from the following aspects: definition discussion, theories used, causation of enclaves, characteristics and impacts of enclave tourism. The understanding of the overseas researches on enclave tourism would provide instructions for the study on the problems of Chinese resorts, such as enclavity and "island effects", and suggest measures for the sustainable development of resorts in China. This paper is divided into three sections. Section 1 briefly introduces the development of enclave tourism in developing countries and the outline of enclave tourism study. Section 2 elaborates on the contents of enclave tourism research and gives deep insights into the study on concepts, characteristics, causations and effects respectively, which is the key part of this paper; Section 3 concludes the review and proposes suggestions for the enclave tourism study in China.
基金supported by Science Research Program of Hainan Provincial Education Bureau (Grant No Hj2008-79)funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 40963001, 40061003, 40661013)Key Course Program of Natural Geography of Hainan Normal University and First-degree Course Program of Geographical Science of Hainan Province
文摘SPSS13.0 was used to process the data of the 1-6 batch of key cultural relic conservation units promulgated by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of China;and multi-element evaluation method was used to calculate the composite distribution index.The spatial distribution of cultural relics of provinces in China can be divided into four grades,namely:very rich areas,rich areas,poor areas and very poor areas;the article analyzes the characteristics of cultural resources in spatial and temporal distribution.The paper holds that(1)the distribution of China's cultural relic tourism resources is relatively concentrated,different sharply from region to region,with more Han nation's heritage,less relics of the ethnic minorities;(2) Henan,Hebei,Shaanxi,Shanxi Province are the main regions with heavy distribution of cultural resources;(3) relics appeared in specific time periods in China's history.Ming and Qing Dynasties,Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties,Song,Liao and Jin,the Western Han,Shang and Zhou dynasties,the New Stone Age are the major periods producing more cultural relics.This paper also analyzes relationships of the emergence of cultural relics with production technology,specific historical process,specific geographical location,political system,religion,national culture,customs,architectural styles and techniques of the traditional cultural educational system.Finally,the paper discusses the development and protection of heritage.
基金The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA23100203)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971264)The Premium Funding Project for Academic Human Resources Development in Beijing Union University(Baijie04).
文摘The scientific evaluation of tourism resources is not only an important prerequisite for the development of agri-cultural heritage tourism(AHT),but it can also promote the conservation and management of Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(IAHS).With the goal of providing scientific support for the sustainable management of tourism resources,this review systematically analyzes the overall situation,research regions,developmental timeline trends,key fields and hot topics of resource evaluation research related to AHT over 2005–2020.With a comprehensive perspective that incorporates both traditional literature review and quantitative literature review,the study revealed four important aspects of AHT research.(1)Relevant articles could be divided into two phases,a development-oriented period(2005–2012)and a conservation-oriented period(2013–2020).(2)GIAHS accounts for the absolute majority(about 66.7%)of relevant studies.In particular,Longji Terraces System,Hani terraces system and Dong’s Rice-Fish-Duck System were the research hotspots IAHS,and Yunnan,Zhejiang and Guangxi were the research hotspot provinces.(3)Terraced landscapes and tea culture were the most popular themes in tourism resource evaluation,while sports tourism,tea culture tourism and study tours are becoming the new trends in IAHS sites.(4)Research methods have undergone a shift from qualitative to quantitative approaches,and a combination of these two in an interdisciplinary manner is becoming a new research trend.By reviewing and prospecting the relevant literature,this study not only makes a unique contribution to the tourism resource evaluation of IAHS,but also helps to enrich the relevant evaluation theories and further promote the sustainable development of heritage tourism from theoretical and methodological perspectives.