“中心问题”设计刍议

'中心问题'设计是语文课堂教学的关键.可以从学习主人公的优秀品质、挖掘作品的思想内涵、抓住作品的主要内容、重点剖析作品的重点段落等四个角度入手.

运用“问题中心”教学法强化实践教学成效

高职院校大量的技能学习运用传统的教学法不很适合,而"问题中心"教学法经过长期研究摸索,在高职教育文科类的技能课程教学中获得了一定的经验积累。"问题中心"教学法是指整个教学过程都围绕"问题"而展开,"问题"成为教学的核心。它主要包含四个层次:一是设问,以引起学生思考;二是释疑,以明确学习内容和学习目标;三是找错,以纠正学生的错误做法;四是挑病,以进一步巩固教学效果。当然,这一教学法的运用对教师提出了较高的要求。

Traffic-Aware VDC Embedding in Data Center： A Case Study of FatTree

Virtualization is a common technology for resource sharing in data center. To make efficient use of data center resources, the key challenge is to map customer demands （modeled as virtual data center, VDC） to the physical data center effectively. In this paper, we focus on this problem. Distinct with previous works, our study of VDC embedding problem is under the assumption that switch resource is the bottleneck of data center networks （DCNs）. To this end, we not only propose relative cost to evaluate embedding strategy, decouple embedding problem into VM placement with marginal resource assignment and virtual link mapping with decided source-destination based on the property of fat-tree, but also design the traffic aware embedding algorithm （TAE） and first fit virtual link mapping （FFLM） to map virtual data center requests to a physical data center. Simulation results show that TAE＋FFLM could increase acceptance rate and reduce network cost （about 49% in the case） at the same time. The traffie aware embedding algorithm reduces the load of core-link traffic and brings the optimization opportunity for data center network energy conservation.

Existence and Uniqueness of Nested Regular Quadrilateral Central Configurations

Two cases of the nested configurations in R3 consisting of two regular quadrilaterals are discussed. One case of them do not form central configuration, the other case can be central configuration. In the second case the existence and uniqueness of the central configuration are studied. If the configuration is a central configuration, then all masses of outside layer are equivalent, similar to the masses of inside layer. At the same time the following relation between r(the ratio of the sizes) and mass ratio b = m/m must be satisfied in which the masses at outside layer are not less than the masses at inside layer, and the solution of this kind of central configuration is unique for the given ratio (6) of masses.

Existence and uniqueness of a class of double pyramidal central configurations in six-body problems

Under the necessary conditions for a double pyramidal central configuration with a diamond base to exist in the real number space, the existence and uniqueness of such configurations were studied by employing combinedly the algebraic method and numerical calculation. It is found that there exists a planar curl triangle region G in a square Q such that any point in G and given by the ratio of the two diagonal lengths of the diamond base and the ratio of one diagonal length of the base to the height of the double pyramid configuration determines a unique double pyramid central configuration, while all points in Q-G have no referance to any central configuration.

German Poetry in African Languages： The Translation of Selected German Poems From an Intercultural Perspective

The article deals with the translation of German poetry into Wolof and is based on Tamsir Annes＇s translation of German poems under the title Tdere-Woy yi/Das Buch der Lieder. My purpose in this paper is to answer the question of how elements of the vocabulary of sciences （literature and philosophy） as well as cultural specific items are rendered in the Wolof target text. Therefore, in this work, I explore methods and strategies of translation like borrowings, paraphrases, and analyze furthermore some differences noticeable in the translation of some poems at the cultural level. These analysis-steps enable the investigation of, contextually, the central issue of ＂cultural translatability＂ and the reception of translation of European poetry into African languages in general and German poetry into Wolof in particular. The article also focuses on the importance of the reception of German poetry in Wolof as a means of intercultural communication between German and Wolof-speaking countries but as means to develop African languages like Wolof in which the translation of the selected poems has been operated.

The Profundity Entailed in the Poetic Language： A Stylistic Analysis of W. B. Yeats＇ Leda and the Swan

As a central issue in stylistics, foregrounding, which can be achieved by deviation and overregularity at every linguistic level, can give readers more innovative and ingenious perspective on appreciation of text. W. B. Yeats＇ Leda and the Swan is a poem deserving close reading and attention. The analysis from sound patterning, meter and rhythm, verbal repetition endows the poem with some novel and new aesthetic significance

Hate Crimes Methodological, Theoretical ＆ Empirical Difficulties A Pragmatic ＆ Legal Overview

Hate crimes are a culture phenomenon which is perceived by most as an occurrence that should be uprooted from the society. Yet, to date, we have been unable to do so. Hate crimes are the subject of research and comments by experts in various fields. In this regard, most scholars agree that a hate based crime is distinguished from a ＂regular＂ criminal offence by the motive--the attack is aimed at a victim who is part of a differentiated minority group. However, when reading the relevant documents in the area, it seems that the differences between the experts start at the most basic point--what constitutes hate crimes？ This article analyses the concept of ＂hate crimes＂ via an interdisciplinary approach aimed at flashing out the fundamental gaps in the research. We have found that the problems include, inter alia, discrepancies in the definition of hate crimes, methodological difficulties regarding validity and legitimacy （mainly due to the absence of information based on the attacker＇s point of view） and the lack of agreement on the appropriate legal methods required to deal with the ramifications of hate crimes. While part I of this paper revolves around the theoretical aspects of the questions put forth at the centre of this article, part II looks at the same questions from a legal viewpoint. The correlation between the two chapters shows the impact the methodological difficulties have on enforcement endeavors. This relation is further advanced through the examination of test cases from different countries, among them--lsrael. Finally, the article concludes by suggesting a few thoughts on the way to overcome the theoretical problems and making the enforcement efforts more efficient.

Translation Quality Assessment： Bridge the Gap between Theory and Practice

Translation Quality Assessment （TQA） is a central concern for both academic research and translation practice. Yet consensus on the issue has almost never been reached among theorists and practitioners. In this paper, a detailed comparison between academic and professional assessment has been made mainly in terms of text type, assessment criteria and models. It is believed that a ＂one size fits all＂ model across academy and industry is neither possible nor necessary. However, the gaps in between could be narrowed down by increasing communication and cooperation between theorists and practitioners, who are advised to turn their focus to translator＇s competence and evaluation process.

Existence and uniqueness for a class of nine-bodies central configurations

On some necessary conditions for double pyramidal central configurations with concave heptagon for any given ratio of masses, the existence and uniqueness of a class of double pyramidal central configurations with concave heptagon base for nine-body problems is proved in this paper, and the range of the ratio cr of the circularity radius of the heptagon to the half-height of the double pyramidal central configuration involved in this class configurations is obtained, which is in the interval （√3/3,1.099 600 679）, and the configuration involved in the bodies with any σ∈ （√3/3, 1.099 600 679） can form a central configuration which is a uniquely central configuration is proved.

Second-order problem solving:Nurses'perspectives on learning from.near misses

Objectives:Near misses happen more frequently than actual errors,and highlight system vulnerabilities without causing any harm,thus provide a safe space for organizational learning.Second-order problem solving behavior offers a new perspective to better understand how nurses promote learning from near misses to improve organizational outcomes.This study aimed to explore frontline nurses’perspectives on using second-order problem solving behavior in learning from near misses to improve patient safety.Methods:A qualitative exploratory study design was employed.This study was conducted in three tertiary hospitals in east China from June to November 2015.Purposive sampling was used to recruit 19 frontline nurses.Semi-structured interviews and a qualitative directed content analysis was undertaken using Crossan’s 4I Framework of Organizational Learning as a coding framework.Results:Second-order problem solving behavior,based on the 4I Framework of Organizational Learning,was referred to as being a leader in exposing near misses,pushing forward the cause analysis within limited capacity,balancing the active and passive role during improvement project,and promoting the continuous improvement with passion while feeling low-powered.Conclusions:4I Framework of Organizational Learning can be an underlying guide to enrich frontline nurses’role in promoting organizations to learn from near misses.In this study,nurses displayed their pivotal role in organizational learning from near misses by using second-order problem solving.However,additional knowledge,skills,and support are needed to maximize the application of second-order problem solving behavior when near misses are recognized.

Supply Problems of Sales Points Performance in City Centres： Results of the DORED Program Survey Research

The paper regards to problems of sales point performance being situated in the centres of big cities in Poland. Problems are investigated with the use of surveys being carried out in 900 sales points according to author＇s DORED （DORED-dobre rozwiazania dla dostaw in Polish, good solutions for delivery in English） program performance. The DORED program has been mentioned for the first time in Logistics （a Polish newspaper） in February, 2005. The developed topic has been the pilot project of DORED program. That was in Wroclaw City （Poland）, where the regions of Przedmiescie swidnickie were the first test of method of the DORED program. The mentioned topic has encompassed the city logistic problems, land transportation and movement organization performance in the city centres.

Some Psychosocial Problems of Adolescents in Some Ghanaian Senior High Schools

This research investigated whether there was a significant relationship between the problems of loneliness, inferiority, and identity confusion. Also, to test whether there was a significant relationship between problems of adolescents and their ages and sexes and to ascertain whether there will be a significant difference in sex with regards to these problems, 240 adolescent students from four Senior High Schools were sampled as respondents for the study. Correlations and t-test were used for analyses by employing Statistical Package for Social Sciences （SPSS） version 16. From the results, it appeared that there were highly significant positive correlations existing between the problems. This suggests that the more an adolescent experiences a problem, the higher will he/she experience another problem. Also, it appeared that among the three problems, inferiority had a significant relationship with sex whereas all the problems had a positive significant relationship with age. This suggests that the older an adolescent is, the more severe will he/she experience a problem. Finally, girls tend to experience inferiority more than their male counterparts. This finding also suggested that although problems of adolescents may differ with regards to sex, they are not isolated and therefore multi-factorial in nature.

Resource Allocation with Dynamic Substrate Network in Data Centre Networks

The resource allocation problem in data centre networks refers to a map of the workloads provided by the cloud users/tenants to the Substrate Network(SN)which are provided by the cloud providers.Existing studies consider the dynamic arrival and departure of the workloads,while the dynamics of the substrate are ignored.In this paper,we first propose the resource allocation with the dynamic SN,and denote it as GraphMap-DS.Then,we propose an efficient mapping algorithm for GraphMap-DS.The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by performing simulation experiments.Our results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively solve the GraphMap-DS.

The Discourse Analysis of Ecology from the Perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics

In recent decades, ecological problems are becoming more and more serious, which are focused worldwide. ＂Eco-[inguistics＂ （EL） also called ＂Ecology of Language＂ emerges in the situation that scholars try their best to solve the problems in linguistics. As an emerging interdisciplinary area of ecology and linguistics, eco-linguistics aims at analyzing the ecological phenomenon in language, exploring the relation between language and environment, and looking for the variety of internal patterns of language. At present, scholars at home have made a lot of achievements with the tendency from theoretical studies to practical studies. On the theoretical framework of eco-linguistics and the transitivity method of Systemic Functional Linguistics（SFL）, by analyzing two texts excerpted from BBC news reports which involve two kinds of animals, this article tries to explore the relation between human and animals and our attitudes toward different animals, analyze the ecological elements and hidden non-ecological features in the discourses, reveal the essential reasons for ecological disruption---inherent human ideology, interpret the influences on nature. We expect that people pay more attention to the issues of environment protection, change anthropocentrism to ecocentrism which builds the harmonious relation between human and nature.

THE CONNOTATION OF LEARNER-BASED TEACHING IN LANGUAGE TEACHING

This article analyzes the real connotation of learner-based teaching in language teaching. It deals with how we arrive at learner-based teaching, what is the role of the teacher and the coursebooks, the advantages and potential problems in learner-based teaching.

Solution of Center-Focus Problem for a Class of Cubic Systems

For a class of cubic systems, the authors give a representation of the n th order Liapunov constant through a chain of pseudo-divisions. As an application, the center problem and the isochronous center problem of a particular system are considered. They show that the system has a center at the origin if and only if the first seven Liapunov constants vanish, and cannot have an isochronous center at the origin.

On quasi-weakly almost periodic points

The core problem of dynamical systems is to study the asymptotic behaviors of orbits and their topological structures. It is well known that the orbits with certain recurrence and generating ergodic (or invariant) measures are important, such orbits form a full measure set for all invariant measures of the system, its closure is called the measure center of the system. To investigate this set, Zhou introduced the notions of weakly almost periodic point and quasi-weakly almost periodic point in 1990s, and presented some open problems on complexity of discrete dynamical systems in 2004. One of the open problems is as follows: for a quasi-weakly almost periodic point but not weakly almost periodic, is there an invariant measure generated by its orbit such that the support of this measure is equal to its minimal center of attraction (a closed invariant set which attracts its orbit statistically for every point and has no proper subset with this property)? Up to now, the problem remains open. In this paper, we construct two points in the one-sided shift system of two symbols, each of them generates a sub-shift system. One gives a positive answer to the question above, the other answers in the negative. Thus we solve the open problem completely. More important, the two examples show that a proper quasi-weakly almost periodic orbit behaves very differently with weakly almost periodic orbit.