“中间代”或“中生代”:诗人自我意识的一种方式

对“中间代”或“中生代”的命名现象,其实只是这些诗人们“自我意识”的一种表现方式。他们对1990年代与1980年代的诗学差异尤为敏感,同时也就有对共同性的忽视,这导致了他们对自我存在的焦虑,并进而试图通过对自我命名的方式“标新立异”。然而“中间代”或“中生代”并不能构成一个独立于“第三代诗人”或“新生代”的“代”,他们应属于“新生代”的一部分或一种写作倾向,或者应称为“新生代后期诗人”。

“中生代”:在焦虑与沉潜中彰显“个人气质”的写作

有关"中生代"命名及由此引发的一系列思考和争论,已成为当下学界十分关注的诗学问题。注重个人性、差异性明显的某些"中生代"诗人,以"代"的方式出场,其实是一种"正名"策略,既是在彰显,也是在唤醒。深入"中生代"诗歌写作现场,会发现个体独立意识鲜明、秉持个人化诗歌理念的"中生代"诗人,通过静默、内敛、沉潜、自由的"个人气质"的多向度诗写,反而形成了每个诗人均保持自己鲜明写作个性的"这一类",他们强调个人性的现实关怀、生命体悟、历史承担及诗歌技术打磨,自觉地将个体的诗歌经验有机地嵌入到了社会历史的变迁之中,完成了诗歌对现实的个人承担和历史承担。

《“中生代”诗歌研究》

河南大学出版社,2019年5月出版作为当下先锋诗歌写作的中坚力量,'中生代'诗人群体受到了越来越多的关注。三峡大学文学与传媒学院刘波教授的《'中生代'诗歌研究》,即为一部研究中国大陆'中生代'诗歌的专著。作者从两方面集中探讨了'中生代'诗歌的价值和意义.

新中国建立后十七年“中生代”史家群体与马克思主义史学

新中国建立后十七年,那些出生于1910年代前后、具备扎实的史料考证基础、已经有一定学术地位、正处于学术生命旺盛期的"中生代"史家群体,在马克思主义史学居主导地位以及学习马克思主义理论的形势下,经历了从史料考证研究为主到运用唯物史观、融实证研究与理论指导于一炉的研究路向的转化。他们参加重大历史理论问题的讨论和大规模史料整理工作,在各自的研究领域多有新的创获,成为中国马克思主义史学队伍中的一员。新中国建立后中国马克思主义史家群体得以充实和扩大。

多维诗歌创作的可能与诗心的彰显——论刘洁岷近作

刘洁岷是中国当代诗歌大陆"中生代"的代表诗人,他的创作题材广泛,诗歌技艺精巧娴熟,在创作中力图突破旧作。其近期诗歌,即2010—2011年的诗歌,结构不断更新,技巧进一步内化,并完美地将诗歌中古典美与现代意象结合,形成了他卓异而不易捕捉的个人化诗歌风格。刘洁岷的近作彰显了其诗歌创作的诗心并展现了多维诗歌创作的可能。

Several Fossil Woods from Mesozoic of Western Liaoning Province, Northeast, China

The author described some new species and genera of the fossil woods from Mesozoic of Western Liaoning besides Xenoxylon latiporosum (Cramer) Gothan, X. hopeiense Chang, X. liaoningense Duan et Wang, X. yixianense Zhang et Shang, Protopiceoxylon yizhouense Duan et Cui. They are Protopiceoxylon chaoyangense Duan sp. nov., Araucarioxylon batuense Duan sp. nov., Taxoxylon liaoxiense Duan sp. nov. and an old species Araucarioxylon sidugawaense Shimakura.

The Gaoyuzhuang Palaeobiology

Black bedded, nodular, and lenticular chert and silicified parts of stromatolites from the approximately 1 400 - 1 600 million year-old Gaoyuzhuang Formation, North China, contain remark-ably well prep served microflora composed of diverse prokaryotic and possible eukaryotic microbes. Macroscopic algae have also been found. This Formation provides important paleobiological information from which to assess status of Mesoproterozoic life, and to evaluate paleoenvironmental conditions and pre-Phanerozoic biostratigraphy. The Gaoyuzhuang Formation has yielded over 100 taxa described by over 10 investigators. Most of the microbial taxa can be divided into three different assemblages according to their paleobiological and paleoenvironmental characteristics. I. The oscillatoriacean/chroococcacean assemblage which occurs in the first member of the Formation and this is interpreted to represent an assemblage from shallow water mat-building and mat-dwelling taxa with some possible planktonic taxa; 2. the nostocacean assemblage found only in the second member, and includes benthic mat-building or mat-dwelling taxa; and 3. the chroococcacean assemblage of the fourth member, which represents intertidal to supratidal mat-building and allochthonous taxa. Proterozoic microfossils found in chert, especially cyanobacteria, are possibly more valuable as paleoenvironmental indicators than as chronostratigraphic tools because of their morphological conservation, although trends in diversity appear to exist for cyanobacteria in the Proterozoic. The general characteristics of Gaoyuzhuang microfossils, and the fact that most nostocacean chains occur and are. preserved with the chain perpendicular to bedding indicate that: (1) the individual size of Gaoyuzhuang microfossils are part of a general trend of increase with time; (2) Gaoyuzhuang deposits are possibly in a fresh water environment and the rate of sedimentation might be equal to or less than the microbial growth rate; (3) the sedimentary model of Gaoyuzhuang might be from intertidal to subtidal or deep sea, and then to intertidal or supratidal; and (4) the eukaryotic organisms had densely occurred when Gaoyuzhuang Formation deposited.

Petrogenesis of Mesozoic granitoids and volcanic rocks in South China： A response to tectonic evolution

This paper summarizes the new results on the petrogenesis of Mesozoic granitoids and volcanic rocks in South China. The authors propose that these rocks were formed in time and space as a response to regional tectonic regime change from the continent-continent collision of the Indosinian orogeny within the broad Tethyan orogenic domain in the Early Mesozoic （T1-T3） （Period Ⅰ） to the largely extensional setting as a result of the Yanshanian orogeny genetically associated with the NW-WNW-ward subduction of the paleo-Pacific oceanic lithosphere in the Late Mesozoic （J2-K2） （Period Ⅱ）. Of the Period I Indosinian granitoids, the early （T1-T2^1） ones are syn-collisional, and formed in a compressional setting; the late （T2^2-T3） ones are latecollisional, and formed in a locally extensional environment. During the Period Ⅱ Yanshanian magmatism, the Early Yanshanian （J2-J3） granitoid-volcanic rocks, which are distributed mainly in the Nanling Range and in the interior of the South China tectonic block （SCB）, are characteristic of rift-type intraplate magmatism, whereas the Late Yanshanian K1 granitoidovolcanic rocks are interpreted as genetically representing active continental margin magmatism. The K2 tholeiitic basalts interlayered with red beds are interpreted as genetically associated with the development of back-arc extensional basins in the interior of the SCB. The Yanshanian granitoid-volcanic rocks are distributed widely in South China, reflecting extensional tectonics within much of the SCB. The extension-induced deep crustal melting and underplating of mantle-derived basaltic melts are suggested as the two principal driving mechanisms for the Yanshanian granitic magmatism in South China.

Active Tectonics and Erosional Unloading at the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau

The eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is marked by an extremely steep mountain front with relief of over 5 km. This topography,coupled with abundant Mesozoic thrusts within the margin,explains why tectonic maps of the India-Asia collision typically show the eastern margin as a major thrust zone. Actually,it does not like that. Field observations suggest that the margin is better characterized as a zone of NNE-directed dextral shear with extensive strike-slip faulting and secondary thrusting. The high relief and steep gradients are partially explained by erosional unloading of an elastic lithosphere;the pre-erosion inherited topography may be the inherited Mesozoic thrust belt landscape modified by a component of Cenozoic tectonic shortening.

Tectonic Evolution and Geological Characteristics of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs in Marine Mesozoic-Paleozoic Strata in the South Yellow Sea Basin

The South Yellow Sea Basin is the main body of the lower Yangtze area in which marine Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata are widely distributed.The latest geophysical data were used to overcome the limitation of previous poor-quality deep data.Meanwhile,the geological characteristics of hydrocarbon reservoirs in the marine Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata in the South Yellow Sea Basin were analyzed by comparing the source rocks and the reservoir and utilizing drilling and outcrop data.It is believed that the South Yellow Sea Basin roughly underwent six evolutionary stages:plate spreading,plate convergence,stable platform development,foreland basin development,faulted basin development,and depression basin development.The South Yellow Sea Basin has characteristics of a composite platform-fault depression geological structure,with a half-graben geological structure and with a ‘sandwich structure' in the vertical direction.Four sets of hydrocarbon source rocks developed – the upper Permian Longtan–Dalong formation,the lower Permian Qixia formation,the lower Silurian Gaojiabian formation,and the lower Cambrian Hetang formation/Mufushan formation,giving the South Yellow Sea Basin relatively good hydrocarbon potential.The carbonate is the main reservoir rock type in the South Yellow Sea area,and there are four carbonate reservoir types:porous dolomitic,reef-bank,weathered crust,and fractured.There are reservoir-forming horizons similar to the typical hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Yangtze land area developed in the South Yellow Sea,and there are three sets of complete source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages developed in the marine strata,with very good hydrocarbon potential.

Mesozoic Reservoir Predictionin the Longdong Loess Plateau

This paper summarizes a set of interpretation technologies for Mesozoic sandstone reservoir prediction in the Longdong loess plateau, such as seismic sequence processing and interpretation based on generalized S transform, the eroded paleo-geomorphology interpretation of the top of the Triassic and a variety of lateral reservoir predictions. The effects of employing these technologies are compared and analyzed, as well. The research results show that seismic sequence processing interpretation technology based on generalized S transform can distinguish 3ms (about the thickness of 6 m)sequence interface. Consequently the technology can ascertain the distribution of a sand body of the formation Ch 8 and expand the exploration area of the Xifeng oil field in the Longdong area.

On the Tectonic Problems of the Southern East China Sea and Adjacent Regions:Evidence from Gravity and Magnetic Data

In this paper, two sets of gravity and magnetic data were used to study the tectonics of the southern East China Sea and Ryukyu trench-arc system： one data set was from the ＇Geological-geophysical map series of China Seas and adjacent areas＇ database and the other was newly collected by R/VKexue Ⅲ in 2011. Magnetic and gravity data were reorganized and processed using the software MMDP, MGDP and RGIS. In addition to the description of the anomaly patterns in different areas, deep and shallow structure studies were performed by using several kinds of calculation, including a spectrum analysis, upward-continuation of the Bouguer anomaly and horizontal derivatives of the total-field magnetic anomaly. The depth of the Moho and magnetic basement were calculated. Based on the above work, several controversial tectonic problems were discussed. Compared to the shelf area and Ryukyu Arc, the Okinawa Trough has an obviously thinned crust, with the thinnest area having thickness less than 14km in the southern part. The Taiwan-Sinzi belt, which terminates to the south by the NW-SE trending Miyako fault belt, contains the relic volcanic arc formed by the splitting of the paleo Ryukyu volcanic arc as a result of the opening of the Okinawa Trough. As an important tectonic boundary, the strike-slip type Miyako fault belt extends northwestward into the shelf area and consists of several discontinuous segments. A forearc terrace composed of an exotic terrane collided with the Ryukyu Arc following the subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate. Mesozoic strata of varying thicknesses exist beneath the Cenozoic strata in the shelf basin and significantly influence the magnetic pattern of this area. The gravity and magnetic data support the existence of a Great East China Sea, which suggests that the entire southern East China Sea shelf area was a basin in the Mesozoic without alternatively arranged uplifts and depressions, and might have extended southwestward and connected with the northern South China Sea shelf basin.

Failure mechanism of Mesozoic soft rock roadway in Shajihai coal mine and its surrounding rock control

In view of the buckling failure caused by large deformation of Mesozoic soft rock roadway in Shajihai mining area, such as serious roof fall, rib spalling, floor heave, etc., based on the detail site investigation,theoretical analysis, mineral composition test, microstructure test, water-physical property test and field experiments were carried out. And we revealed the compound failure mechanism of Mesozoic soft rock roadway in Shajihai mining area, namely the molecule expansion-shear slip of weak structural plane-construction disturbance. On this basis, the coupling support technology whose core is constant resistance with large deformation bolt was proposed. The feature of this supporting technology is that a new type of structural composite material was used, which makes the supporting system not only has the ideal deformation characteristics, but also has high supporting resistance. Thus the fully release of plastic energy within surrounding rock and reasonable control of the thickness of the plastic ring were realized. Then the differential deformation between the surrounding rock and support was eliminated by the secondary coupling support of bolt–mesh–cable, and the bolt with high strength was applied in the base angle to control floor. Eventually the collaborative bearing system of surrounding rock–support was formed. Through field tests the validity and rationality of support was also verified.

Stocking density affects the growth performance and metabolism of Amur sturgeon by regulating expression of genes in the GH/IGF axis

The effects of stocking density on the growth and metabolism of Amur sturgeon were assessed. Amur sturgeon were grown for 70 days at three dif ferent stocking densities(low stocking density, LSD: 5.5 kg/m^3; medium stocking density, MSD: 8.0 kg/m^3; and high stocking density, HSD: 11.0 kg/m^3), and the biometric index, muscle composition, and serum biochemical parameters were evaluated. In addition, pituitary, liver, and muscle samples were collected for gene cloning and expression analyses. After 70 days of growth, the fish maintained at HSD had significantly lower fi nal body weight and specifi c growth rate, and a higher feed conversion ratio than those of the fish in the MSD and LSD groups. The HSD group had the lowest lipid and protein concentrations in serum and muscle. The serum cortisol concentration increased significantly in the HSD group, indicating that the stress-response system was activated in these fish. There was no change in the concentration of serum insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF-2), while the concentrations of serum growth hormone(GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) decreased in the HSD group. The full-length cDNAs of G H and IGF-2 genes(995-bp and 1 207-bp long, respectively), were cloned and analyzed. In the HSD group, the expressions of GH in the pituitary and growth hormone receptor( GHR) and IGF-1 in the liver were down-regulated at the end of the 70-day experiment. In the HSD group, the transcript level of IGF-2 significantly decreased in the liver, but did not change in muscle. Overall, our results indicated that a HSD negatively af fects the growth performance and leads to changes in lipid and protein metabolism in Amur sturgeon. The down-regulated expression of genes related to the GH/IGF axis may be responsible for the poor growth performance of Amur sturgeon under crowding stress.

Geochemical Characteristics of REE in Jurassic Coal of Yan'an Formation from Dongsheng Coalfield

Concentrations of rare earth elements (REE) in Jurassic coal of YanAn Formation from Dongsheng coalfield located in the northeast of Ordos basin were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Curves of distribution pattern of REE were drawn, and many geochemical parameters were calculated. The result shows that 1) The contents of REE in Jurassic coal with low ash and sulfur are lower than those of Carboniferous and Permian coal from the Basin of North China; 2) Inside the Dongsheng coalfield, coal from the north has higher contents of REE than that form the south because the north is near the area of source rock which is the main supplier of REE, while the south is far away from the area of source rocks; 3) Although Jurassic coal in Dongsheng is the low ash coal with less than 10%, the contents of REE are still proportional to ash yield of ash and SiO 2 contents. 4) Although the Jurassic coal in Dongsheng were deposited in oxidative continental environment of river lake, Eu depletion of REE in coal commonly exists, and positive abnormity of Ce dose not exist. This reflects the REE distribution pattern of REE in source rock of continental area; and 5) Compared with other rocks, coal shows extremely complexity of distribution pattern of REE, which is the result of continuous alteration and redistribution of matter in coal occurred in open basin system.

Biogenic characteristics of Mesozoic cherts in southern Tibet and its significance

The Xialu chert, which contains abundant biological information, were investigated by major element analysis, micro-Raman, SEM and EPMA. The results show that SiO2 content of chert is 84.12%-93.08%, averaging 89.84%. The close packed structures of low degree crystallinity of quartz indicate the hydrothermal origin. SiO2 of modern hot springs exhibit loose silica pellets and nodular, beaded structures. Under polarization microscope, the presence of biological skeleton structures indicate that biological activities are involved in the hydrothermal deposition, which correspond to the geochemical characteristics: w(SiO2)/ w(K2O+Na2O), w(SiO2)/w(Al2O3) and w(SiO2)/w(MgO), with average values of 295.29, 68.88 and 284.45, respectively. SiO2 is enriched in the organism(radiolarian) centers, the degree order of SiO2 within the biologic structures is much higher than that of outside. The impurity minerals albites are formed earlier than the original deposition. Kaolinites, feldspars and mixture of organic materials display lower degree of crystallinities and accumulate as vermicular aggregates.

Petrogenesis of granite from Xiaofan Mo deposit, Dabie Orogen

The Mesozoic granitoids in the Dabie Orogen are of particular geological interest as indicators for Mesozoic lithospheric evolution because of their close association with porphyry Mo mineralization. Here, we present a study using petrogeochemistry data to constrain the petrogenesis of the Xiaofan granites in the Dabie Mo mineralization belt （DMB）, Henan Province, China. Field investigations show that the Xiaofan pluton mainly consists of porphyritic granite. The Xiaofan granites have high SiO2 contents of 74.29 wt%-76.07 wt% （average： 75.18 wt%）, A1203 contents of 11.66 wt%-12.83 wt% （average： 12.13 wt%）, and K20 contents of 5.37 wt%-7.90 wt% （average： 6.86 wt%） and low MgO （0.06 wt%-0.16 wt%）, TiO2 （0.09 wt%-0.10 wt%）, and P205 （0.047 wt%-0.103 wt%） contents. They are enriched in Rb, U, K and Hf but depleted in Ba, Nb, Ta, Sr and Ti. By geochemical and mineralogical features, we propose that the Xiaofan granites belong to A-type type granite and dominantly sourced from the crust. The granites from the Xiaofan Mo deposit may have formed in a post-collision extensional setting.

New tectonic map of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia： Position and evolution of Mesozoic sedimentary basins

The beginning of the XXI century was marked a new rising of the international tectonic cartography as a result of analysis and synthesis of a huge volume of geological information obtained for the territory of Asia es-pecially during the last 30 years. The previous tectonic maps for Asia were created in the 1960s-1970s of the last century. Since that time, the national geological surveys have compiled tectonic maps exclusively in the limits of their own state boundaries. The international cooperation of five countries since 2002 （ Russia, China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan and Republic of Korea） gave a unique possibility to join the data into a united cartog-raphic form as Atlas of Geological Maps （since 2002-Atlas of Geological Maps of Central Asia and since 2007- Atlas of Geological Maps of Northem-Central-Eastem Asia）. Both atlases include four maps： geological, tecton-ic ,metallogenic, and energy resources. Tectonic Map of Northem-Central-Eastem Asia and Adjacent Areas at scale 1 ： 2 500 000 was the key map for further compilation of the metallogenic and energy resources （ coal, oil and gas） maps. By this reason, special attention was given to showing the structure and composition of the Mes-ozoic sedimentary basins in Northern-Central- Eastern Asia as the most perspective structures for oil-and-gas and coal prospect.

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EARLY MESOZOIC GRANODIORITES AND THEIR TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS

The early Mesozoic granodiorites (ca.165 Ma) in the northeastern Hunan Province (NEH) have SiO2=65.4-69.65%, K2O/Na2O=0.95-1.38 and K2O+Na2O>6%, A/CNK=0.96-1.13 and belong to metaluminous high-K calc-alkaline series. They are characterized by LREE and LILEs enrichment, and HFSE depletion with slightly negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*=0.62-0.90). The initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios are in range from 0.711458 to 0.717461, and εNd values vary from -9.4 to -12.3, distinct from those of the contemporaneous granodiorites mantle-derived from the Southeastern Hunan Province (SEH) (87Sr/86Sr(i)=0.707962～0.710396, εNd(t)=-6.98～-2.30). By contrast, such signatures are roughly similar to those of the neighboring other Mesozoic granitic plutons (Eu/Eu*=0.30-0.70; 87Sr/86Sr >0.710; εNd = -12 to -16) in South China Block (SCB), which have been interpreted as the remelting products of Precambrian basement. The Proterozoic lower-middle crust is an important contributor to the petrogenesis of these early Mesozoic granodiorites in the NEH. An intracontinental extension setting is present in the northeastern Hunan Province at that time due to the demand of enough thermal transfer.

Heterogenous zircons from Mesozoic igneous rocks in the North China Craton and their tectonic implications

Based on a synthesis of zircon inheritance from Mesozoic igneous rocks in the eastern portion of the North China Craton （NCC） , it is proposed that inherited zircons with Neoproterozoie ages identified from these rocks are of a heterogenous derivation from the Yangtze/South China block, rather than from the NCC itself. The mechanism that introduces these zircons incorporated into the NCC is likely by tectonic underplating during the Triassic continental subduction of the Yangtze block beneath the NCC. Tectonic addition of abundant crustal materials represented by the heterogenous zircons into the NCC, probably along Moho or weak interfaces within the NCC＇s crust, led to the crustal thickening in the NCC. These heterogenous materials, either as （partial） source rocks or as contaminants of the magmas generated during an extension environment following the crustal thickening, were reworked and therefore have significant contribution to petrogenesis of the Mesozoic igneous rocks. The crustal thickening resulted from the tectonic underplating, as indicated by the distribution extent of the heterogenous zircons, is spatially similar to that of the lithospheric thinning, with both mainly occurring in the eastern segment of the NCC. This is probably suggestive of an intrinsic relation between the thickening and thinning events during the Mesozoic evolution of the NCC.