Objective] The research aimed to assess the development potential of ar-tificial precipitation in Liaoning Province. [Method] The evaluation method of cloud water resource for precipitation enhancement potential was u...Objective] The research aimed to assess the development potential of ar-tificial precipitation in Liaoning Province. [Method] The evaluation method of cloud water resource for precipitation enhancement potential was used. [Result] The annu-al total precipitation enhancement potential by cloud water resource in the air in 2013 was 1.23 bil ion tons in Liaoning, and cloud water resource for precipitation enhancement was 1.63 bil ion tons. [Conclusion] The spatial and temporal distribution for development potential of cloud water resource in the air was very uneven in Liaoning Province, and the mainly period was during spring and autumn. It wil be received obvious effect in the two seasons. In order to compensate for the restric-tion of the operational capability lack on cloud water resource development, we need to continue to improve the operation capacity building.展开更多
In the age of online workload explosion,cloud users are increasing exponentialy.Therefore,large scale data centers are required in cloud environment that leads to high energy consumption.Hence,optimal resource utiliza...In the age of online workload explosion,cloud users are increasing exponentialy.Therefore,large scale data centers are required in cloud environment that leads to high energy consumption.Hence,optimal resource utilization is essential to improve energy efficiency of cloud data center.Although,most of the existing literature focuses on virtual machine(VM)consolidation for increasing energy efficiency at the cost of service level agreement degradation.In order to improve the existing approaches,load aware three-gear THReshold(LATHR)as well as modified best fit decreasing(MBFD)algorithm is proposed for minimizing total energy consumption while improving the quality of service in terms of SLA.It offers promising results under dynamic workload and variable number of VMs(1-290)allocated on individual host.The outcomes of the proposed work are measured in terms of SLA,energy consumption,instruction energy ratio(IER)and the number of migrations against the varied numbers of VMs.From experimental results it has been concluded that the proposed technique reduced the SLA violations(55%,26%and 39%)and energy consumption(17%,12%and 6%)as compared to median absolute deviation(MAD),inter quartile range(IQR)and double threshold(THR)overload detection policies,respectively.展开更多
Using three-phase remote sensing images of China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite 02B (CBERS02B) and Landsat-5 TM, tobacco field was extracted by the analysis of time series image based on the different phenological c...Using three-phase remote sensing images of China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite 02B (CBERS02B) and Landsat-5 TM, tobacco field was extracted by the analysis of time series image based on the different phenological characteristics between tobacco and other crops. The spectral characteristics of tobacco and corn in luxuriant growth stage are very similar, which makes them difficult to be distinguished using a single-phase remote sensing image. Field film after tobacco seedlings transplanting can be used as significant sign to identify tobacco. Remote sensing interpre- tation map based on the fusion image of TM and CBERS02B's High-Resolution (HR) camera image was used as stan- dard reference material to evaluate the classification accuracy of Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Maximum Like- lihood Classifier (MLC) for time series image based on full samples test method. SAM has higher classification accu- racy and stability than MLC in dealing with time series image. The accuracy and Kappa of tobacco coverage extracted by SAM are 83.4% and 0.692 respectively, which can achieve the accuracy required by tobacco coverage measurement in a large area.展开更多
To satisfy mobile terminals ’( MTs) offloading requirements and reduce MTs’ cost,a joint cloud and wireless resource allocation scheme based on the evolutionary game( JRA-EG) is proposed for overlapping heterogeneou...To satisfy mobile terminals ’( MTs) offloading requirements and reduce MTs’ cost,a joint cloud and wireless resource allocation scheme based on the evolutionary game( JRA-EG) is proposed for overlapping heterogeneous networks in mobile edge computing environments. MTs that have tasks offloading requirements in the same service area form a population. MTs in one population acquire different wireless and computation resources by selecting different service providers( SPs). An evolutionary game is formulated to model the SP selection and resource allocation of the MTs. The cost function of the game consists of energy consumption,time delay and monetary cost. The solutions of evolutionary equilibrium( EE) include the centralized algorithm based on replicator dynamics and the distributed algorithm based on Q-learning.Simulation results show that both algorithms can converge to the EE rapidly. The differences between them are the convergence speed and trajectory stability. Compared with the existing schemes,the JRA-EG scheme can save more energy and have a smaller time delay when the data size becomes larger. The proposed scheme can schedule the wireless and computation resources reasonably so that the offloading cost is reduced efficiently.展开更多
This paper examines human impact on stands and individual trees of Pinus yunnanensis growing near the small mountain villages of Pianshui and Yangjuan in southwestern Sichuan Province,China.In an effort to assess whet...This paper examines human impact on stands and individual trees of Pinus yunnanensis growing near the small mountain villages of Pianshui and Yangjuan in southwestern Sichuan Province,China.In an effort to assess whether use of these forests was sustainable,we examined the effects of human use in two ways.First,we directly measured the effect of cutting branches,for fuel and fodder,on tree growth.We hypothesized that branch cutting would negatively impact tree growth.We established 12 plots on four hills and compared 14 pairs of trees,one tree in each pair with an apparently full crown and the other with a considerable portion of the crown removed.Second,we assessed stand and tree properties over a 500 m elevation gradient above the villages where we hypothesized that as elevation increases,stand and tree properties should show fewer human impacts.Although extensive branch cutting reduced the live crown,tree height and diameter,compensatory processes likely enabled trees to recover and to add basal area increments(BAIs) similar to those added by trees with full crowns.Trees and stands close to villages showed less growth and lower basal areas,respectively,than stands and trees at intermediate or distant elevations from villages.Areas relatively close to the villages showed considerable effects of human-related disturbances such as branch cutting,grazing,tree and shrub removal,losses of litter,and human and animal trails.Such areas had increased soil erosion and often loss of the ‘A' horizon.Stands close to villages had younger trees,lower stand basal areas,smaller basal area increments,and more stumps.Our results suggest an increasingly vulnerable interface between occupants of these two villages and their surrounding forests.展开更多
By understanding Yunnan animation market, analyzing Yunnan resources superiority and using Yunnan Colored Painting manifestations, the thesis discusses the meaning and value of Yunnan Colored Painting to Yunnan origin...By understanding Yunnan animation market, analyzing Yunnan resources superiority and using Yunnan Colored Painting manifestations, the thesis discusses the meaning and value of Yunnan Colored Painting to Yunnan original animation through combining several important problems of animation innovation as a starting point.展开更多
The resources-oriented industry cluster is geographically close to natural resources development and processing industry.The knowledge-intensive,technology-intensive,capital-intensive,and labor-intensive is a relative...The resources-oriented industry cluster is geographically close to natural resources development and processing industry.The knowledge-intensive,technology-intensive,capital-intensive,and labor-intensive is a relatively aggregate associated with natural resources and will structure commonality and complementary coupling so that economic and social development play a leading role in the complex adaptive systems closely related to ecological environment.A resources-oriented industry cluster in Yunnan has general common characteristics of industrial clusters and will form the characteristics of the enterprise spatial aggregation of innovative network of the industrial chain and value chain.According to the market structure of resources and resources market behavior in Yunnan,the particularity of resources commodity production has conduced resources market structure and general merchandise market structure many differences.Optimizing the cluster structure and extending the industrial chain have improved the productivity of the cluster and extension the lifecycle of the cluster to achieve sustainable development.展开更多
Based on a high-resolution regional climate model (RegCM3) simulation over East Asia, future climate changes over the Miyun Reservoir in the 21st century under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Spec...Based on a high-resolution regional climate model (RegCM3) simulation over East Asia, future climate changes over the Miyun Reservoir in the 21st century under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario are analyzed. The model simulation extends from 1951 to 2100 at a grid spacing of 25 km and is one-way nested within a global model of MIROC3.2_ hires (the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate). The focus of the analysis is on the Watershed of Miyun Reservoir, the main water supply for Beijing in northern China. The results show that RegCM3 reproduces the observed temperature well but it overestimates precipitation over the region. Significant warming in the 21st century is simulated in the annual mean, December-January-February (DJF) and June-July-August (JJA), although with differences concerning the spatial distribution and magnitude. Changes in precipitation for the annual mean, DJF, and JJA also show differences. A prevailing increase of precipitation in DJF and a decrease of it in JJA is projected over the region, while little change in the annual mean is projected. Changes of the difference between precipitation and evapotranspiration to measure the potential water availability are also presented in the paper.展开更多
基金Supported by "Perfecting CWR-PEP Method" from Science Research Project of Liaoning Provincial Meteorological Bureau~~
文摘Objective] The research aimed to assess the development potential of ar-tificial precipitation in Liaoning Province. [Method] The evaluation method of cloud water resource for precipitation enhancement potential was used. [Result] The annu-al total precipitation enhancement potential by cloud water resource in the air in 2013 was 1.23 bil ion tons in Liaoning, and cloud water resource for precipitation enhancement was 1.63 bil ion tons. [Conclusion] The spatial and temporal distribution for development potential of cloud water resource in the air was very uneven in Liaoning Province, and the mainly period was during spring and autumn. It wil be received obvious effect in the two seasons. In order to compensate for the restric-tion of the operational capability lack on cloud water resource development, we need to continue to improve the operation capacity building.
文摘In the age of online workload explosion,cloud users are increasing exponentialy.Therefore,large scale data centers are required in cloud environment that leads to high energy consumption.Hence,optimal resource utilization is essential to improve energy efficiency of cloud data center.Although,most of the existing literature focuses on virtual machine(VM)consolidation for increasing energy efficiency at the cost of service level agreement degradation.In order to improve the existing approaches,load aware three-gear THReshold(LATHR)as well as modified best fit decreasing(MBFD)algorithm is proposed for minimizing total energy consumption while improving the quality of service in terms of SLA.It offers promising results under dynamic workload and variable number of VMs(1-290)allocated on individual host.The outcomes of the proposed work are measured in terms of SLA,energy consumption,instruction energy ratio(IER)and the number of migrations against the varied numbers of VMs.From experimental results it has been concluded that the proposed technique reduced the SLA violations(55%,26%and 39%)and energy consumption(17%,12%and 6%)as compared to median absolute deviation(MAD),inter quartile range(IQR)and double threshold(THR)overload detection policies,respectively.
基金Under the auspices of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 20080430586, 20070420018)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40801161, 40801172)Sino US International Cooperation in Science and Technology (No. 2007DFA20640)
文摘Using three-phase remote sensing images of China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite 02B (CBERS02B) and Landsat-5 TM, tobacco field was extracted by the analysis of time series image based on the different phenological characteristics between tobacco and other crops. The spectral characteristics of tobacco and corn in luxuriant growth stage are very similar, which makes them difficult to be distinguished using a single-phase remote sensing image. Field film after tobacco seedlings transplanting can be used as significant sign to identify tobacco. Remote sensing interpre- tation map based on the fusion image of TM and CBERS02B's High-Resolution (HR) camera image was used as stan- dard reference material to evaluate the classification accuracy of Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Maximum Like- lihood Classifier (MLC) for time series image based on full samples test method. SAM has higher classification accu- racy and stability than MLC in dealing with time series image. The accuracy and Kappa of tobacco coverage extracted by SAM are 83.4% and 0.692 respectively, which can achieve the accuracy required by tobacco coverage measurement in a large area.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61741102,61471164)
文摘To satisfy mobile terminals ’( MTs) offloading requirements and reduce MTs’ cost,a joint cloud and wireless resource allocation scheme based on the evolutionary game( JRA-EG) is proposed for overlapping heterogeneous networks in mobile edge computing environments. MTs that have tasks offloading requirements in the same service area form a population. MTs in one population acquire different wireless and computation resources by selecting different service providers( SPs). An evolutionary game is formulated to model the SP selection and resource allocation of the MTs. The cost function of the game consists of energy consumption,time delay and monetary cost. The solutions of evolutionary equilibrium( EE) include the centralized algorithm based on replicator dynamics and the distributed algorithm based on Q-learning.Simulation results show that both algorithms can converge to the EE rapidly. The differences between them are the convergence speed and trajectory stability. Compared with the existing schemes,the JRA-EG scheme can save more energy and have a smaller time delay when the data size becomes larger. The proposed scheme can schedule the wireless and computation resources reasonably so that the offloading cost is reduced efficiently.
基金Financial support was provided by an Asian Studies Grant to Harrell, NSF - IGERT 0333408the School of Environmental and Forest SciencesUniversity of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
文摘This paper examines human impact on stands and individual trees of Pinus yunnanensis growing near the small mountain villages of Pianshui and Yangjuan in southwestern Sichuan Province,China.In an effort to assess whether use of these forests was sustainable,we examined the effects of human use in two ways.First,we directly measured the effect of cutting branches,for fuel and fodder,on tree growth.We hypothesized that branch cutting would negatively impact tree growth.We established 12 plots on four hills and compared 14 pairs of trees,one tree in each pair with an apparently full crown and the other with a considerable portion of the crown removed.Second,we assessed stand and tree properties over a 500 m elevation gradient above the villages where we hypothesized that as elevation increases,stand and tree properties should show fewer human impacts.Although extensive branch cutting reduced the live crown,tree height and diameter,compensatory processes likely enabled trees to recover and to add basal area increments(BAIs) similar to those added by trees with full crowns.Trees and stands close to villages showed less growth and lower basal areas,respectively,than stands and trees at intermediate or distant elevations from villages.Areas relatively close to the villages showed considerable effects of human-related disturbances such as branch cutting,grazing,tree and shrub removal,losses of litter,and human and animal trails.Such areas had increased soil erosion and often loss of the ‘A' horizon.Stands close to villages had younger trees,lower stand basal areas,smaller basal area increments,and more stumps.Our results suggest an increasingly vulnerable interface between occupants of these two villages and their surrounding forests.
文摘By understanding Yunnan animation market, analyzing Yunnan resources superiority and using Yunnan Colored Painting manifestations, the thesis discusses the meaning and value of Yunnan Colored Painting to Yunnan original animation through combining several important problems of animation innovation as a starting point.
文摘The resources-oriented industry cluster is geographically close to natural resources development and processing industry.The knowledge-intensive,technology-intensive,capital-intensive,and labor-intensive is a relatively aggregate associated with natural resources and will structure commonality and complementary coupling so that economic and social development play a leading role in the complex adaptive systems closely related to ecological environment.A resources-oriented industry cluster in Yunnan has general common characteristics of industrial clusters and will form the characteristics of the enterprise spatial aggregation of innovative network of the industrial chain and value chain.According to the market structure of resources and resources market behavior in Yunnan,the particularity of resources commodity production has conduced resources market structure and general merchandise market structure many differences.Optimizing the cluster structure and extending the industrial chain have improved the productivity of the cluster and extension the lifecycle of the cluster to achieve sustainable development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 40975041the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant 2009CB421407
文摘Based on a high-resolution regional climate model (RegCM3) simulation over East Asia, future climate changes over the Miyun Reservoir in the 21st century under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario are analyzed. The model simulation extends from 1951 to 2100 at a grid spacing of 25 km and is one-way nested within a global model of MIROC3.2_ hires (the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate). The focus of the analysis is on the Watershed of Miyun Reservoir, the main water supply for Beijing in northern China. The results show that RegCM3 reproduces the observed temperature well but it overestimates precipitation over the region. Significant warming in the 21st century is simulated in the annual mean, December-January-February (DJF) and June-July-August (JJA), although with differences concerning the spatial distribution and magnitude. Changes in precipitation for the annual mean, DJF, and JJA also show differences. A prevailing increase of precipitation in DJF and a decrease of it in JJA is projected over the region, while little change in the annual mean is projected. Changes of the difference between precipitation and evapotranspiration to measure the potential water availability are also presented in the paper.
