陆相断陷盆地油气藏形成控制因素及分布规律概述

我国东部陆相断陷盆地经过多年的勘探实践,已经逐步形成了以"陆相生油"、"源控论"为代表的陆相石油地质理论。从最初的背斜油气藏勘探到现今的隐蔽油气藏勘探,中国陆相断陷盆地油气形成和分布规律经历了以下历程:在大庆油田发现的基础上总结出来"源控论"(20世纪60～70年代);在以渤海湾盆地为代表的陆相断陷盆地勘探成果的基础上提出的"复式油气聚集带理论"(20世纪80年代);胜利油田地质工作者在东营凹陷的勘探过程中总结的"环洼聚油"理论(20世纪90年代);在对二连盆地的隐蔽油气藏形成及分布特征研究时提出的"互补性"特征(2003年)、"优势论"特征(2005年)以及"多元控油—主元成藏"新观点(2006年)。这一系列认识和新观点不仅在指导我国陆相断陷盆地的油气勘探中起到了重要作用,也大大丰富了我国以陆相生油为主线的石油地质理论。

Biaxial tensile properties and elastic constants evaluation of envelope material for airship

This paper presents an experimental study to determine the tensile properties of the envelope fabric Uretek3216L under biaxial cyclic loading.First the biaxial cyclic tests were carefully carried out on the envelope material to obtain the stress-strain data and the corresponding nonlinearity and orthotropy of the material were analyzed. Then for some determination options with different stress ratios the least squares method minimizing the strain terms was used to calculate the elastic constants from the experimental data.Finally the influences of the determination options with different stress ratios and the reciprocal relationship on the elastic constants were discussed.Results show that the orthotropy of the envelope material can be attributed to the unbalanced crimp of their constitutive yarns in warp and weft directions and the elastic constants vary noticeably with the determination options as well as the normalized stress ratios.In real design practice it is more reasonable to use constants determined for specific stress states in particular stress ratios depending on the project＆#39;s needs.Also calculating the structures with two limitative sets of elastic constants instead of using only one set is recommendable in light of the great variety of the constant＆#39;s values.

中职机械制造一体化模块式教学的实践

中职机械制造一体化是在2016年的教育论坛魅力中国注中所提出的。这对于中职学校来说可谓是一种新型的教学模式。旨在让广大中职学生的课本学习与社会操作相结合,即教学与实践相结合。这也是为了适应我国新经济下的工业转型大发展的潮流,有效改善了人才需求紧缺的问题。下面,将从什么是机械制造一体化教学,怎样将这种模块式教学融入中职中和这样做的影响来论述。

Trade Issue over Agriculture Products between China and Countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt:Features and Status

The bilateral trade margin has been surged rapidly as cooperation over trade of agriculture products between China and countries on the silk road econom- ic belt comes closely and stands as each others＇ essential partner, At present, however, the trade coexistence in bilateral industries that the concentration focused by markets and products is too much of the same. In light of this, sides over these countries must enhance their mutual understanding and promote more exchanges to seek tactics that can ovemome the shorthand in commercial trade,allowing win-win in the agriculture production trade.

Cloning and sequencing of mouse GABA transportercomplementary DNA

A cDNA encoding the mouse GABA transporter has been isolated and sequenced. The results show that the mouse GABA transporter cDNA differs from that of the rat by 60 base pairs at the open reading frame region but the deduced amino acid sequences of the two cDNAs are identical and both composed of 599 amino acids. However,the amino acid sequence is different from the sequence deduced from a recently published mouse GABA transporter cDNA.

PIECEWISE LINEAR NCP FUNCTION FOR QP FREE FEASIBLE METHOD

In this paper, a QP-free feasible method with piecewise NCP functions is proposed for nonlinear inequality constrained optimization problems. The new NCP functions are piecewise linear-rational, regular pseudo-smooth and have nice properties. This method is based on the solutions of linear systems of equation reformulation of KKT optimality conditions, by using the piecewise NCP functions. This method is implementable and globally convergent without assuming the strict complementarity condition, the isolatedness of accumulation points. Purr thermore, the gradients of active constraints are not requested to be linearly independent. The submatrix which may be obtained by quasi-Newton methods, is not requested to be uniformly positive definite. Preliminary numerical results indicate that this new QP-free method is quite promising.

Alkylation of p-Cresol with tert-Butanol Catalyzed by Novel Multiple-SO_3H Functioned Ionic Liquid

The alkylation of p-cresol with tert-butanol（TBA）to 2-tert-butyl-p-cresol（TBC）catalyzed by a novel multiple-SO3H functioned ionic liquid（IL1）was investigated.Meanwhile,the catalytic activity of this novel ionic liquid was compared with other four traditional ionic liquids.The results showed that IL1 has superior catalytic activity to other four traditional ionic liquids with the conversion of 85.3%and selectivity of 95.2%.Also,the reaction conditions were investigated to obtain the optimum conditions.Operational simplicity,small amount of usage,high activity,reusability and selectivity are the key features of this methodology.

The Successive Approximation Broyden-like Algorithm for Nonlinear Complementarity Problems

In this paper, we present a new form of successive approximation Broyden-like algorithm for nonlinear complementarity problem based on its equivalent nonsmooth equations. Under suitable conditions, we get the global convergence on the algorithms. Some numerical results are also reported.

Investigation on complementarity between total mesorectal excision and radical resection in relation to postoperative local recurrence in patients receiving anus-reserve operation on rectal cancer

Objective:To investigate the difference and complementarity between total mesorectal excision(TME)and radical resection in relation to postoperative local recurrence in patients receiving anus-reserve operation on rectal cancer.Methods:Clinical data of 81 cases during a period from 1975 to 2001 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:In the 81 cases with local recurrence,49 of them laid to anastomosis and mesorectum,17 lymph nodes and 15 multi-site relapse.The choice of operative procedure included abdominoperineal resection in 58 cases,Hartmann’s operation in 4 cases,simple double-pelvic stoma in 12 cases,exploration in 7 cases,and total pelvic or rear-pelvic resection in combination with other organs in 6 cases. The rate of resection was 84.0%(68/81).32 cases reached clinical radical degree,and the rate of radical resection was 39.5% (32/81).The 5-year survival rate was 34.4%(11/32).Conclusion:Based on actual condition of the patients,attention to radi- cal resection and total mesorectal excision are necessary,and reasonable adoption of the operative procedure could reduce the local recurrence of rectal cancer.

Gender Equality, Gender Inequality, and Gender Complementarity： Insights from Igbo Traditional Culture

The aim of this paper is to examine some theories of gender with a view to use them as bases for evaluating, assessing, and analyzing gender equality and inequality in Igbo traditional culture. In pursuance of this aim, particular attention will be paid to Igbo leadership practice. Were men and women equal in traditional Igbo culture？ If they were, which theories of gender equality are thereby corroborated and which are refuted？ Was the political landscape of the traditional Igbo a male terrain or was there a balance between men and women？ What was the degree of participation of both men and women？ The paper lays down certain criteria in order to determine equal or unequal or complementary status. These include access to resources, autonomy, and power. One or two lessons are drawn from the insights.

X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma:A meta-analysis

AIM： To perform a systematic meta-analysis to in- vestigate the association between X-ray repair crosscomplementing group 1 （XRCC1） polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） risk. METHODS： Relevant studies extracted from PubMed, Embase, Wanfang, VIP and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases up to March 2012 were included in the study. Stata software, version 11.0, was used for the statistical analysis. The odds ratios （ORs） and 95% confidence interval （CI） of the XRCC1 polymorphisms in HCC patients were analyzed and compared with healthy controls. The meta-analysis was performed using fixed-effect or random-effect methods, depending on the absence or presence of significant heterogeneity. RESULTS： Eleven studies with 2075 HCC cases and 2604 controls met our eligibility criteria （four studies, 888 cases and 938 controls for Arg194Trp, four studies, 858 cases and 880 controls for Arg280His, and nine studies, 1845 cases and 2401 controls for Arg399Gln）. The meta-analysis revealed no associations between the Arg194Trp and Arg399GIn polymorphisms of the XRCC1 gene and HCC risk under all contrast models （codominant, dominant and recessive models） in the overall analysis and sensitivity analysis （the studies with controls not in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were excluded）. For XRCC1 Arg280His polymorphism, the overall analysis revealed the significant associa- tion between the His/His genotype and the increased risk of HCC （His/His vs Arg/Arg model, OR： 1.96, 95% CI： 1.03-3.75, P = 0.04）. However, sensitivity analysis showed an altered pattern of result and non-significant association （OR： 2.06, 95% CI： 0.67-6.25, P = 0.20）. The heterogeneity hypothesis test did not reveal any heterogeneity, and Begg＇s and Egger＇s tests did not find any obvious publication bias. CONCLUSION： The XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399GIn polymorphisms are not associated with HCC risk. More rigorous association studies are needed to verify the involvement ofXRCC1 Arg280His polymorphism in HCC susceptibility.

Analysis on Conditions of Northwest,North China and Shandong Power Grids Interconnection

This paper analyzes the possibility and benefits of interconnection of Northwest Power Grid with North China and Shangdong power grids. With different energy resources and power demand patterns, these three power grids have large potential benefits in future interconnection.

Smoothing Newton Algorithm for Nonlinear Complementarity Problem with a PFunction

By using a smoothing function,the P nonlinear complementarity problem(P NCP)can be reformulated as a parameterized smooth equation.A Newton method is proposed to solve this equation.The iteration sequence generated by the proposed algorithm is bounded and this algorithm is proved to be globally convergent under an assumption that the P NCP has a nonempty solution set.This assumption is weaker than the ones used in most existing smoothing algorithms.In particular,the solution obtained by the proposed algorithm is shown to be a maximally complementary solution of the P NCP without any additional assumption.

Superlinear Convergence of a Smooth Approximation Method for Mathematical Programs with Nonlinear Complementarity Constraints

Mathematical programs with complementarity constraints(MPCC) is an important subclass of MPEC.It is a natural way to solve MPCC by constructing a suitable approximation of the primal problem.In this paper,we propose a new smoothing method for MPCC by using the aggregation technique.A new SQP algorithm for solving the MPCC problem is presented.At each iteration,the master direction is computed by solving a quadratic program,and the revised direction for avoiding the Maratos effect is generated by an explicit formula.As the non-degeneracy condition holds and the smoothing parameter tends to zero,the proposed SQP algorithm converges globally to an S-stationary point of the MPEC problem,its convergence rate is superlinear.Some preliminary numerical results are reported.

Smoothing Inexact Newton Method for Solving P_0-NCP Problems

Based on a smoothing symmetric disturbance FB-function,a smoothing inexact Newton method for solving the nonlinear complementarity problem with P0-function was proposed.It was proved that under mild conditions,the given algorithm performed global and superlinear convergence without strict complementarity.For the same linear complementarity problem(LCP),the algorithm needs similar iteration times to the literature.However,its accuracy is improved by at least 4 orders with calculation time reduced by almost 50%,and the iterative number is insensitive to the size of the LCP.Moreover,fewer iterations and shorter time are required for solving the problem by using inexact Newton methods for different initial points.

Filter-sequence of quadratic programming method with nonlinear complementarity problem function

A mechanism for proving global convergence in filter-SQP （sequence of quadratic programming） method with the nonlinear complementarity problem （NCP） function is described for constrained nonlinear optimization problem.We introduce an NCP function into the filter and construct a new SQP-filter algorithm.Such methods are characterized by their use of the dominance concept of multi-objective optimization,instead of a penalty parameter whose adjustment can be problematic.We prove that the algorithm has global convergence and superlinear convergence rates under some mild conditions.

Regularization Semismooth Newton Method for P_0-NCPs with Non-monotone Line Search

Based on the generalized Fischer-Burmeister function, Chen et al in 2008 put forward a regularization semismooth Newton method for solving the nonlinear complementarity problem with a P0-function. In this paper, we investigate the above algorithm with the monotone line search replaced by a non-monotone line search. It is shown that the non-monotone algorithm is well-defined, and is globally and locally superlinearly convergent under standard assumptions.

Objectivity on Quantum Events： The Principle of Complementarity and the Rortian Perspective

In this writing, I reconstruct the Principle of Complementarity in Quantum Mechanics, elaborated by Niels Bohr, and the conception of objectivity implied in it （and in Bohr＇s writings）. Then, I connect it with the epistemological pragmatism of the philosopher Richard Rorty. My aim is to reinterpret some issues of this quantum description that concern the category of objectivity from the Rortian perspective in a plausible way. This allows me to connect in a positive and a negative sense some quantum （and Bohrian） assumptions to the Rortian perspective, but mainly, it allows to reconsider the framework of scientific objects from the modern perspective to a new pragmatist and anti-essentialist point of view.

Research and practice of designing hydro/ photovoltaic hybrid power system in microgrid

Small-hydro power station is often used in remote areas beside a river,but it doesn't match electricity demand so well,especially in dry seasons. A photovoltaic (PV) system with battery is a suitable option to complement the electricity gap. In this paper,a new structure of megawatt-class PV system integrating battery at DC-bus (DC: direct current) is proposed to be used in hydro/PV hybrid power system,and 4 main designing considerations and several key equipments are discussed. In 2011,a 2 MWp PV station with the proposed structure was built up in Yushu,China. From stability analysis,the station shows a strong stability under load cut-in/off and solar irradiance's fluctuation.

Investigation of mitigating effect of colon-specific prodrugs of boswellic acid on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acidinduced colitis in Wistar rats: Design, kinetics and biological evaluation

To develop a colon-targeting bioreversible delivery system for β-boswellic acid (BBA) and explore utility of its prodrugs in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats.METHODSSynthesis of 4 co-drugs of BBA with essential amino acids was achieved by CDI coupling, followed by their spectral characterization. In vitro kinetics were studied by HPLC in aqueous buffers, homogenates of gastrointestinal tract and fecal matter. In vivo kinetic studies were performed in Wistar rat plasma, urine and feces. The prodrugs were screened in TNBS-induced colitis modeled Wistar rats. Statistical significance was assumed at P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001 when compared with disease controls using one-way and two-way ANOVAs.RESULTSProdrugs were stable in 0.05 mol/L HCl buffer (pH 1.2) and stomach homogenates. Negligible hydrolysis was observed in phosphate buffer and intestinal homogenates. Substantial release (55%-72% and 68%-86%) of BBA was achieved in rat fecal matter and homogenates of colon. In vivo studies of BBA with L-tryptophan (BT) authenticated colon-specific release of BBA. But, surprisingly substantial concentration of BBA was seen to reach the systemic circulation due to probable absorption through colonic mucosa. Site-specifically enhanced bioavailability of BBA could be achieved in colon, which resulted in demonstration of significant mitigating effect on TNBS-induced colitis in rats without inducing any adverse effects on stomach, liver and pancreas. Prodrug of BT was found to be 1.7% (P < 0.001) superior than sulfasalazine in reducing the inflammation to colon among all prodrugs tested.CONCLUSIONThe outcome of this study strongly suggests that these prodrugs might have dual applicability to inflammatory bowel disease and chronotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis.