“全球南方”视角下的东南亚知识生产: 以新加坡史为重点

从20世纪50年代开始,作为殖民地的“第三世界”纷纷喊出反帝反殖民呼声,亚洲、非洲、拉丁美洲的独立运动蓬勃发展。随之而来的是学者纷纷在去殖民化背景下批判自省现有的知识体系。随着冷战的落幕,“全球南方”的概念取代“第三世界”,将反帝反殖民的精神和内涵进一步发展补充。这一概念强调前殖民地国家在独立后仍深受欧洲殖民主义在政治、文化和知识领域残余影响,试图通过建立跨国和区域的联系,来抵抗“北方”主导的世界政治经济秩序中的不公正和压迫。以“全球南方”的视角对现有东南亚知识生产、权力和话语的建构进行解剖,以新加坡史作为东南亚知识生产重要的一部分,为我们进一步理解民族国家建构、殖民记忆重构和全球化之间的关系提供了具体生动的案例。

Intercultural Communication Competence Developed by Chinese in Communicating With Malays in Bangka Island, Indonesia

This study aims to explore the cultural identity of Chinese related to their self-perception, their perception of Malays, and their communication with the Malays in Bangka Island, Indonesia, emphasizing the Chinese intercultural communication competence in terms of their self-presentation in business relationships with the Malays. The study employed an interpretive approach, more specifically the symbolic interactionlst and dramaturgical tradition. The researchers focused on intercultural communication experiences and competence as enacted by the 25 Chinese in the area of the research. The study used in-depth interviews with the Chinese as the main method with some observation of the Chinese communication with the Malays. The researchers also interviewed eight Malays as additional subjects of the research to corroborate the research findings. The study found that the Chinese in Bangka Island perceived themselves as open and willing to mingle with the Malays They are hospitable, hardworking, tenacious, frugal, and fond of maintaining long-term relationships. In contrast, in the Chinese view, the Malays are open and willing to mingle with others, obedient to the teachings of Islam, but they are lazy and are keen on being flattered, consumptive, and easily seduced. In terms of their intercultural communication competence, the Chinese are skillful in their self-presentation by employing various verbal and nonverbal tactics to adjust themselves to the interpersonal, group, and business situations where they encounter the Malays in their everyday lives