This paper makes astudy on the interactive digital gener-alization, where map generalizationcan be divided into intellective reason-ing procedure and operational proce-dure, which are done by human andcomputer, respec...This paper makes astudy on the interactive digital gener-alization, where map generalizationcan be divided into intellective reason-ing procedure and operational proce-dure, which are done by human andcomputer, respectively. And an inter-active map generalization environmentfor large scale topographic map is thendesigned and realized. This researchfocuses on: ① the significance of re-searching an interactive map generali-zation environment, ② the features oflarge scale topographic map and inter-active map generalization, ③ the con-struction of map generalization-orien-ted database platform.展开更多
This study examines whether audit committees are associated with improved financial reporting quality for a sample of Nigerian listed companies prior to and after a corporate governance code mandated new regulations f...This study examines whether audit committees are associated with improved financial reporting quality for a sample of Nigerian listed companies prior to and after a corporate governance code mandated new regulations for audit committees in 2003. Using a sample of 70 companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange, this study uses archival data in the form of companies＇ annual reports to measure the association between audit committees and improved financial reporting quality. Dechew and Dichev （2002）＇s model was used to measure earnings as a proxy for financial reporting quality. The results indicate that formation of audit committees was positively associated with improved financial reporting quality. It was also found that audit committees having an independent chair and audit committee expertise were positively associated with financial reporting quality. Other audit committee characteristics examined were found to be insignificantly related to financial reporting quality.展开更多
The effect of uncertainty about stochastic diffusion model on dynamic portfolio choice of an investor who maximizes utility of terminal portfolio wealth was studied.It applied stochastic control method to obtain the c...The effect of uncertainty about stochastic diffusion model on dynamic portfolio choice of an investor who maximizes utility of terminal portfolio wealth was studied.It applied stochastic control method to obtain the closed-form solution of optimal dynamic portfolio,and used the Bayesian rule to estimate the model parameters to do an empirical study on two different samples of Shanghai Exchange Composite Index.Results show,model uncertainty results in positive or negative hedging demand of portfolio,which depends on investor's attitude toward risk;the effect of model uncertainty is more significant with the increasing of investment horizon,the decreasing of investor's risk-aversion degree,and the decreasing of information;predictability of risky asset return increases its allocation in portfolio,at the same time,the effect of model uncertainty also strengthens.展开更多
Security analysis of cryptographic protocols has been widely studied for many years.As far as we know,we have not found any methods to effectively analyze group key exchange protocols for the three parties yet,which d...Security analysis of cryptographic protocols has been widely studied for many years.As far as we know,we have not found any methods to effectively analyze group key exchange protocols for the three parties yet,which did not sacrifice the soundness of cryptography.Recently,Canetti and Herzog have proposed Universally Composable Symbolic Analysis(UCSA) of two-party mutual authentication and key exchange protocol which is based on the symmetric encryption schemes.This scheme can analyze the protocols automatically and guarantee the soundness of cryptography.Therefore,we discuss group key exchange protocol which is based on Joux Tripartite Diffie-Hellman(JTDH) using UCSA.Our contribution is analyzing group key exchange protocol effectively without damaging the soundness of cryptography.展开更多
Agent negotiation has become increasingly important since the advent of electronic commerce.There are two kinds of interactions in the process of agent negotiation.One is the interaction between different agents,and t...Agent negotiation has become increasingly important since the advent of electronic commerce.There are two kinds of interactions in the process of agent negotiation.One is the interaction between different agents,and the other is the interaction between the agent and the human user.In this paper,firstly,we introduce Q language,a scenario description language for designing interactions between agents and human users.Then we propose an integrating interaction framework for agent negotiation,in which both kinds of interactions are described by Q scenario.Our framework can make the interaction process open and easy to be understood by the users.Users can understand how the negotiation process goes and what is happening in the system including some erroneous or inappropriate actions caused by the negotiation agent.This gives the users a chance to terminate or change the behavior of negotiation agent in time to avoid unfavorable negotiation outcome.In addition,users can customize the agent's behaviors through visible interactions with it.展开更多
One of the significant effects of the knowledge economy is the introduction of new business models with resulting creation of intangible resources represented by intellectual assets. In spite of its clear contribution...One of the significant effects of the knowledge economy is the introduction of new business models with resulting creation of intangible resources represented by intellectual assets. In spite of its clear contribution to a firm＇s sustainability of performance, recognition of these intellectual assets in the financial statements do not correspond with their significance as they have to rigid criteria set by conventional accounting standards. This study seeks to assess the level of intellectual capital （IC） resources reported in Malaysian companies in the traditional sectors of the economy and examine their reporting trends in the annual reports of these companies from years 2003 and 2008 Data was collected from companies listed in the main board of Malaysia Stock Exchange （or Bursa Malaysia） and content analysis was applied. Results show that the extent of IC reporting in the annual accounts of listed companies in traditional sectors is slightly above average.展开更多
The recently proposed weak form quadrature element method （QEM） is applied to flexural and vibrational analysis of thin plates The integrals involved in the variational description of a thin plate are evaluated by a...The recently proposed weak form quadrature element method （QEM） is applied to flexural and vibrational analysis of thin plates The integrals involved in the variational description of a thin plate are evaluated by an efficient numerical scheme and the par- tial derivatives at the integration sampling points are then approximated using differential quadrature analogs. Neither the grid pattern nor the number of nodes is fixed, being adjustable according to convergence need. The C~ continuity conditions char- acterizing the thin plate theory are discussed and the robustness of the weak form quadrature element for thin plates against shape distortion is examined. Examples are presented and comparisons with analytical solutions and the results of the finite element method are made to demonstrate the convergence and computational efficiency of the weak form quadrature element method. It is shown that the present formulation is applicable to thin plates with varying thickness as well as uniform plates.展开更多
A separable Hamiltonian system of Mindlin plate bending problems is obtained. Using the equivalence between the differen form and integral form of the separable Hamiltonian system, the biorthogonal relationships of th...A separable Hamiltonian system of Mindlin plate bending problems is obtained. Using the equivalence between the differen form and integral form of the separable Hamiltonian system, the biorthogonal relationships of the eigenfunctions are presen! Based on the biorthogonal relationships, a novel complete biorthogonal expansion of the Mindlin plate bending problems x~ two opposite sides simply supported is proposed through the products of operator matrices. The exact solutions to deflections bending moments for the Mindlin plate with fully simply supported sides are obtained. A numerical example is illustrated to ve~ the accuracy and validity of the expansion method.展开更多
Using the extended Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk formalism, we investigate the conductance spectra of graphene ferromagnet/p wave superconductor junctions. It is found that the conductance spectra are affected by the p wav...Using the extended Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk formalism, we investigate the conductance spectra of graphene ferromagnet/p wave superconductor junctions. It is found that the conductance spectra are affected by the p wave pairing symmetry. The ferromagnetic exchange energy in the ferromagnet can suppress Andreev retroreflection but enhance the specular Andreev reflection in graphene ferromagnet/p wave superconductor junctions. The conductance decreases with increasing exchange energy Eh for Eh〈Er （the Fermi energy in the ferromagnet region）, but the conductance increases with increasing exchange energy Eh for Eh〉EF.展开更多
Sexual selection is widely viewed as playing a central role in haplochromine cichlid speciation. Hypothetically, once divergent mate preferences evolve among populations of these fishes, reproductive isolation follows...Sexual selection is widely viewed as playing a central role in haplochromine cichlid speciation. Hypothetically, once divergent mate preferences evolve among populations of these fishes, reproductive isolation follows and the populations begin to behave as different species. Various studies have examined patterns of assortative mating among species and sometimes populations, but few have examined variation in directional preferences, especially among populations of the same species. We investi- gated mate choice behavior in two populations of Labeotropheus fueUeborni, a Lake Malawi endemic. We test whether mating preferences between populations are based on the same traits and in the same direction as preferences within populations. We examine the potential contributions of two classes of trait, color patterns and behaviors, to reproductive isolation. When females chose between either two males of their own population, or two from another, female preferences were generally similar （for the female population） across the two contexts. Mate choice patterns differed between （female） populations for a measure of color, but only modestly for male behavior. In a separate experiment we simultaneously offered females a male of their own population and a male from a different population. In these trials, females consistently preferred males from their own population, which were also the males that displayed more frequently than their opponents, but not necessarily those with color traits suggested to be most attractive in the previous experiment. Thus directional preferences for chroma and related aspects of color may be important when females are presented with males of otherwise similar phenotypes, but may play little role in mediating assortative mating among populations with substantially different color patterns. A preference for male behavior could play some role in speciation if males preferentially court same-population females, as we have observed for the populations studied herein [Current Zoology 58 （3）： 475-483, 2012].展开更多
The conformal transformations with respect to the metric defining the orthogonal Lie algebra o（n, C） give rise to a one-parameter （c） family of inhomogeneous first-order differential operator representations of th...The conformal transformations with respect to the metric defining the orthogonal Lie algebra o（n, C） give rise to a one-parameter （c） family of inhomogeneous first-order differential operator representations of the orthogonal Lie algebra o（n ＋ 2, C）. Letting these operators act on the space of exponential-polynomial functions that depend on a parametric vector a^→∈ C^n, we prove that the space forms an irreducible o（n ＋ 2, C）-module for any c ∈ C if a^→ is not on a certain hypersurface. By partially swapping differential operators and multiplication operators, we obtain more general differential operator representations of o（n＋2, C） on the polynomial algebra in n variables. Moreover, we prove that l forms an infinite-dimensional irreducible weight o（n ＋2, C）-module with finite-dimensional weight subspaces if c Z/2.展开更多
文摘This paper makes astudy on the interactive digital gener-alization, where map generalizationcan be divided into intellective reason-ing procedure and operational proce-dure, which are done by human andcomputer, respectively. And an inter-active map generalization environmentfor large scale topographic map is thendesigned and realized. This researchfocuses on: ① the significance of re-searching an interactive map generali-zation environment, ② the features oflarge scale topographic map and inter-active map generalization, ③ the con-struction of map generalization-orien-ted database platform.
文摘This study examines whether audit committees are associated with improved financial reporting quality for a sample of Nigerian listed companies prior to and after a corporate governance code mandated new regulations for audit committees in 2003. Using a sample of 70 companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange, this study uses archival data in the form of companies＇ annual reports to measure the association between audit committees and improved financial reporting quality. Dechew and Dichev （2002）＇s model was used to measure earnings as a proxy for financial reporting quality. The results indicate that formation of audit committees was positively associated with improved financial reporting quality. It was also found that audit committees having an independent chair and audit committee expertise were positively associated with financial reporting quality. Other audit committee characteristics examined were found to be insignificantly related to financial reporting quality.
基金Key program of Natural Science Research of High Education of Anhui Province of China(No.KJ2009A157)
文摘The effect of uncertainty about stochastic diffusion model on dynamic portfolio choice of an investor who maximizes utility of terminal portfolio wealth was studied.It applied stochastic control method to obtain the closed-form solution of optimal dynamic portfolio,and used the Bayesian rule to estimate the model parameters to do an empirical study on two different samples of Shanghai Exchange Composite Index.Results show,model uncertainty results in positive or negative hedging demand of portfolio,which depends on investor's attitude toward risk;the effect of model uncertainty is more significant with the increasing of investment horizon,the decreasing of investor's risk-aversion degree,and the decreasing of information;predictability of risky asset return increases its allocation in portfolio,at the same time,the effect of model uncertainty also strengthens.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.61003262,No.60873237,No.61100205,No.60873001the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.2009RC0212
文摘Security analysis of cryptographic protocols has been widely studied for many years.As far as we know,we have not found any methods to effectively analyze group key exchange protocols for the three parties yet,which did not sacrifice the soundness of cryptography.Recently,Canetti and Herzog have proposed Universally Composable Symbolic Analysis(UCSA) of two-party mutual authentication and key exchange protocol which is based on the symmetric encryption schemes.This scheme can analyze the protocols automatically and guarantee the soundness of cryptography.Therefore,we discuss group key exchange protocol which is based on Joux Tripartite Diffie-Hellman(JTDH) using UCSA.Our contribution is analyzing group key exchange protocol effectively without damaging the soundness of cryptography.
基金This work is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 69973032)AIEJ (Association of International Education, Japan).
文摘Agent negotiation has become increasingly important since the advent of electronic commerce.There are two kinds of interactions in the process of agent negotiation.One is the interaction between different agents,and the other is the interaction between the agent and the human user.In this paper,firstly,we introduce Q language,a scenario description language for designing interactions between agents and human users.Then we propose an integrating interaction framework for agent negotiation,in which both kinds of interactions are described by Q scenario.Our framework can make the interaction process open and easy to be understood by the users.Users can understand how the negotiation process goes and what is happening in the system including some erroneous or inappropriate actions caused by the negotiation agent.This gives the users a chance to terminate or change the behavior of negotiation agent in time to avoid unfavorable negotiation outcome.In addition,users can customize the agent's behaviors through visible interactions with it.
文摘One of the significant effects of the knowledge economy is the introduction of new business models with resulting creation of intangible resources represented by intellectual assets. In spite of its clear contribution to a firm＇s sustainability of performance, recognition of these intellectual assets in the financial statements do not correspond with their significance as they have to rigid criteria set by conventional accounting standards. This study seeks to assess the level of intellectual capital （IC） resources reported in Malaysian companies in the traditional sectors of the economy and examine their reporting trends in the annual reports of these companies from years 2003 and 2008 Data was collected from companies listed in the main board of Malaysia Stock Exchange （or Bursa Malaysia） and content analysis was applied. Results show that the extent of IC reporting in the annual accounts of listed companies in traditional sectors is slightly above average.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.51178247 and 50778104)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2009AA04Z401)
文摘The recently proposed weak form quadrature element method （QEM） is applied to flexural and vibrational analysis of thin plates The integrals involved in the variational description of a thin plate are evaluated by an efficient numerical scheme and the par- tial derivatives at the integration sampling points are then approximated using differential quadrature analogs. Neither the grid pattern nor the number of nodes is fixed, being adjustable according to convergence need. The C~ continuity conditions char- acterizing the thin plate theory are discussed and the robustness of the weak form quadrature element for thin plates against shape distortion is examined. Examples are presented and comparisons with analytical solutions and the results of the finite element method are made to demonstrate the convergence and computational efficiency of the weak form quadrature element method. It is shown that the present formulation is applicable to thin plates with varying thickness as well as uniform plates.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10962004)the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China (Grant No. 2012MS0105)
文摘A separable Hamiltonian system of Mindlin plate bending problems is obtained. Using the equivalence between the differen form and integral form of the separable Hamiltonian system, the biorthogonal relationships of the eigenfunctions are presen! Based on the biorthogonal relationships, a novel complete biorthogonal expansion of the Mindlin plate bending problems x~ two opposite sides simply supported is proposed through the products of operator matrices. The exact solutions to deflections bending moments for the Mindlin plate with fully simply supported sides are obtained. A numerical example is illustrated to ve~ the accuracy and validity of the expansion method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11074088)
文摘Using the extended Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk formalism, we investigate the conductance spectra of graphene ferromagnet/p wave superconductor junctions. It is found that the conductance spectra are affected by the p wave pairing symmetry. The ferromagnetic exchange energy in the ferromagnet can suppress Andreev retroreflection but enhance the specular Andreev reflection in graphene ferromagnet/p wave superconductor junctions. The conductance decreases with increasing exchange energy Eh for Eh〈Er （the Fermi energy in the ferromagnet region）, but the conductance increases with increasing exchange energy Eh for Eh〉EF.
文摘Sexual selection is widely viewed as playing a central role in haplochromine cichlid speciation. Hypothetically, once divergent mate preferences evolve among populations of these fishes, reproductive isolation follows and the populations begin to behave as different species. Various studies have examined patterns of assortative mating among species and sometimes populations, but few have examined variation in directional preferences, especially among populations of the same species. We investi- gated mate choice behavior in two populations of Labeotropheus fueUeborni, a Lake Malawi endemic. We test whether mating preferences between populations are based on the same traits and in the same direction as preferences within populations. We examine the potential contributions of two classes of trait, color patterns and behaviors, to reproductive isolation. When females chose between either two males of their own population, or two from another, female preferences were generally similar （for the female population） across the two contexts. Mate choice patterns differed between （female） populations for a measure of color, but only modestly for male behavior. In a separate experiment we simultaneously offered females a male of their own population and a male from a different population. In these trials, females consistently preferred males from their own population, which were also the males that displayed more frequently than their opponents, but not necessarily those with color traits suggested to be most attractive in the previous experiment. Thus directional preferences for chroma and related aspects of color may be important when females are presented with males of otherwise similar phenotypes, but may play little role in mediating assortative mating among populations with substantially different color patterns. A preference for male behavior could play some role in speciation if males preferentially court same-population females, as we have observed for the populations studied herein [Current Zoology 58 （3）： 475-483, 2012].
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11171324 and 11321101)
文摘The conformal transformations with respect to the metric defining the orthogonal Lie algebra o（n, C） give rise to a one-parameter （c） family of inhomogeneous first-order differential operator representations of the orthogonal Lie algebra o（n ＋ 2, C）. Letting these operators act on the space of exponential-polynomial functions that depend on a parametric vector a^→∈ C^n, we prove that the space forms an irreducible o（n ＋ 2, C）-module for any c ∈ C if a^→ is not on a certain hypersurface. By partially swapping differential operators and multiplication operators, we obtain more general differential operator representations of o（n＋2, C） on the polynomial algebra in n variables. Moreover, we prove that l forms an infinite-dimensional irreducible weight o（n ＋2, C）-module with finite-dimensional weight subspaces if c Z/2.
