“优护+”延续性护理干预模式在2型糖尿病患者中的应用效果分析

糖尿病是老年人常见的一种慢性病,为提高糖尿病患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖达标率,提高患者对护理工作的满意度,实施有力的延续性护理干预服务至关重要。该文针对本院治疗后出院的78例2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者实施数据指标研究,总结“优护+”延续性护理干预服务模式开展在T2DM患者中的护理服务意义。

高血压患者的优质护理干预及临床效果观察

目的:探讨高血压患者的优质护理干预及临床效果。方法:收治高血压患者100例,随机分成对照组和观察组,对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用优质护理,比较两组护理效果。结果:观察组的治疗护理依从率、生活质量评分、护理满意度均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对高血压患者采用优质护理,可以有效改善患者的临床症状,提高患者的生活质量。

Research Progress of the Planning Methods of Prior Conservation Areas

The planning of prior conservation areas is an important part of nature re- serve system, ：it is of great significance for biodiversity conservation. The methods of priority planning include hot-spots analysis, gap analysis, systematic conservation planning analysis and multi-criteria decision analysis. The key issues of priority area planning include the determination of the protect objects, the analyses of the protec- tion value and protection cost, the win-win development of protection and economy, and the changes of the management strategies of the protected areas. In this study, the features and research progress of different conservation methods were analyzed, and based on the discussion on the key issues of the planning of the protected areas, the application prospect of different methods was analyzed.

Control technology for floor heave of Jurassic soft rock in the Erdos Basin of China: A case study

The deformation of soft rock roadway caused by floor heave is a major challenge for coal mines in China western mining areas. To achieve security and stability of soft rock roadway, this work considered the headgate at panel 11505 of the Yushujing Coal Mine as background. First, based on the limit equilibrium method and slip line field theory,a model of floor heave was established, the mechanism of floor heave control was analyzed, and an optimized support method was proposed. Then, the displacement, stress and failure zones around the surrounding rock with the original and optimized support were studied by FLAC. Finally, the serviceability of the support method was verified by field application. The results showed that the main deformation form of soft rock roadway is floor heave, and 0.5 m is relatively reasonable thicknesses of the inverted arch. The extrusion failure zone and shear failure zone were mainly affected by tensile and shear failure, respectively. The modification of floor and the effective support are key points. The failure zone was consistent between numerical simulation and theoretical calculation. The maximum convergences of floor heave determined by numerical simulation and field measurement were 220 mm and 240 mm, respectively, which were reduced by 55% and 60% compared with the original support, and the convergence between sidewalls decreased considerably. The optimized support method controls the floor heave well.

Optimization of environmental maintenance system used in a refuge chamber

Mine refuge chambers are used to shield miners who fail to escape from the mine when incidents occur. Environment maintaining system plays a key role in stabilizing thermal environment of a mine refuge chamber against heat emitted from metabolism and transferred from outside. The safety and comfort of refugees are closely related to the environment maintaining system design. In order to improve the comfort of refugees, optimization on the environment maintaining system has been done based on the previous work. To evaluate the environment of the chamber, eight volunteers were involved into the experiment. Under close observation and safety protection, they lived in a heat-isolated test chamber for 106 hours. The volunteers were asked to maintain low level of activities to simulate refugees＇ situation. It shows that the environment maintaining system worked well and the temperature, relative humidity and emitted harmful air content such as CO2 and CO were all kept in the safety level, and no discomfort was felt by volunteers at all.

Train driver protection under secondary impact

An EMU train with detailed cabin structural is established based on the finite element method.The secondary impact between train driver and control desk is fully analysed and two measures are proposed to reduce the driver injury severity,such as the multi-objective optimization of the driver seat position and equipping the train with three-point seat belt.Simulation results indicate that the driver seat position has a significant effect on the driver injury severity during a secondary impact.According to the multi-objective optimization,some Pareto solutions are suggested to design the driver seat position.Besides that,it is also indicated although the chest and leg are well protected when the driver wears a two-point seat belt,it increases the head injure during a secondary impact.On the other hand,the three-point seat belt can supply the train driver with an overall protection against the secondary impact.The injury criteria(HIC,VC,TI)of the driver with the three-point seat belt is significantly lower than those of the driver without seat belt.Moreover,according to the simulation analysis,the limited load of the three-point seat belt is suggested about 1.5 kN.

The National Action Plan： An Approach to Prioritise Acts Related to the Conservation of Marine Turtles at Jordan＇s Gulf of Aqaba

The Jordan＇s NAP （national action plan） provides a set of priority actions for the conservation of marine turtles and their habitats in the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. The main threats to the maintenance of stable turtle populations in Jordan range from opportunistic capture to global threats such fishing mortality and from pollution incidents. Jordan＇s NAP addresses the primary causes of turtle mortality with a series of proposed actions. It includes reducing threats from commercial fisheries, development operations, promoting turtle rescue and rehabilitation along with public awareness activities. It considered also a set of recommendations to reflect the importance of protecting marine turtles in Jordan＇s Gulf of Aqaba. It includes community participation in conservation, capacity of national agencies to carry out management activities and to enforce legislations. To each priority actions identified in NAP, expected results and performance indicators were defined. Hence, the designation of a level of urgency to each specific priority action allowed a phased approach for implementation, subject to budget and available national capacity. Currently, NAP is performing effectively through an integrated network of national working groups including government and non-governmental organisations and other stakeholders.

Sustainable water system of a green residential zone:demonstrated with a case of a campus construction project

The sustainable water system (SWS) was interpreted based on green residential zone associated codes issued by P.R.China and some other countries,and ecological principles.Its constitution,designing and engineering,and economic and environmental benefits were illustrated with a case of a campus construction project.The SWS incorporates divided nature drainage systems,grey water treatment and reuse technologies,rainwater decentralized collection and purification technologies,and water quality safeguard techniques for reclaimed water reused for landscaping.Application of the SWS is expected to gain remarkable economic and environmental benefits by reducing both the demand for municipal water supply and sewage discharge.

Optimization of Protectant, Salinity and Freezing Condition for Freeze-Drying Preservation of Edwardsiella tarda

Novel preservation condition without ultra-low temperature is needed for the study of pathogen in marine fishes. Freeze-drying is such a method usually used for preservation of terrigenous bacteria. However, studies using freeze-drying method to preserving marine microorganisms remain very limited. In this study, we optimized the composition of protectants during the freeze-drying of Edwardsiella tarda, a fish pathogen that causes systemic infection in marine fishes. We found that the optimal composition of protectant mixture contained trehalose(8.0%), skim milk(12.0%), sodium citrate(2.0%), serum(12.0%) and PVP(2.0%). Orthogonal and interaction analyses demonstrated the interaction between serum and skim milk or sodium citrate. The highest survival rate of E. tarda was observed when the concentration of Na Cl was 10.0, 30.0 and between 5.0 and 10.0 g L^(-1) for preparing TSB medium, E. tarda suspension and protectant mixture, respectively. When E. tarda was frozen at-80℃ or-40℃ for 6 h, its survival rate was higher than that under other tested conditions. Under the optimized conditions, when the protectant mixture was used during freeze-drying process, the survival rate(79.63%–82.30%) of E. tarda was significantly higher than that obtained using single protectant. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) image indicated that E. tarda was embedded in thick matrix with detectable aggregation. In sum, the protectant mixture may be used as a novel cryoprotective additive for E. tarda.

Optimizing the Chemical Compositions of Protective Agents for Freeze-drying Bifidobacterium longum BIOMA 5920

Freeze drying has a deleterious effect on the viability of microorganisms. In front of this difficulty, the present study adopts response surface methodology to optimize the chemical compositions of protective agents to seek for maximum viability of Bifidobacterium longum BIOMA 5920 during freeze-drying. Through the compara- tive analysis of single protectant, the complex protective agents show better effect on the Bifidobacterium viability. Human-like collagen (HLC), trehalose and glycerol are confirmed as significant factors by Box-Behnken Design. The optimized formula for these three variables is tested as follows: HLC 1.23%, trehalose 11.50% and glycerol 4.65%. Under this formula, the viability is 88.23%, 39.67% higher in comparison to the control. The viable count is 1.07×10 9 cfu·g-1 , greatly exceeding the minimum viable count requirement (10 6 cfu·g-1 ).

Securing Sensor Networks Based on Optimization of Weighted Confidence

In this paper, an optimized rmlicious nodes detection algorithm, based on Weighted Confidence Filter （WCF）, is proposed to protect sensor networks from attacks. In this algorithm, each cluster head in a cluster-based hierarchical network figures out an average confidence degree by means of messages from its child nodes. The cluster head only accepts a message from the child node whose confidence degree is higher than the average. Meanwhile, it updates the confidence degrees for each of its child nodes by comparing the aggregation value and the received messages, and regards them as the weight of exactness of messages from nodes. A sensor node is judged to be rmlicious if its weight value is lower than the predefined threshold. Comparative simulation results verify that the proposed WCF algorithm is better than the Weighted Trust Evaluation （WTE） in terms of the detection ratio and the false alarm ratio. More specifically, with the WCF, the detection ratio is significantly improved and the false alarm ratio is observably reduced, especially when the malicious node ratio is 0.25 or greater. When 40% of 100 sensors are malicious, the detection accuracy is above 90% and the false alarm ratio is nearly only 1.8%.

A Look into Sino-African Joint Studies on Biodiversity

With richest biodiversity in the world, Africa is the center of most conservation priorities. The difference in the composition of biodiversity is phenomenal between Africa and China, where the resources are almost complementary. This essay reviews the characteristics of African biodiversity, as well as the current status and international cooperation on biodiversity conservation. It also evaluates the significance and impendence of developing Sino-African research projects in this regard, and blueprints detailed plans for such an initiative in possible regions.

Ecological Species Groups and Interspecific Association of Dominant Tree Species in Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve

Abstract： Research on the ecological species groups and interspecific association of plant species are helpful to discover species coexistence processes and mechanisms, and to more fully understand plant community structure, function, and its taxonomy. However, little is known about the ecological species groups （ESG） and the interspecific association of dominant species in Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve of Fujian Province, China. Therefore, the main goal of this paper is to explore the ESG using maximal tree, and to analyze interspecific associations of 32 dominant species selected from lo2 sample plots using the chi-square test. The results show that： （1） 32 dominant species have a significant overall positive interspecific association, which indicates that the natural forest in Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve is stable, （a） The species pairs with weak associations, non-associations and positive associations account for lo.88%, 29.64% and 59.48% of the total 496 species pairs respectively, which suggests that the population distributions of the dominant species investigated are relatively independent, （3） The following species pairs may be useful for practical application, 〈Pinus taiwanensis, Rhododendron farrerae〉, 〈Castanopsis carlesii, Altingia chinensis〉, 〈C. carlesii, Castanopsis fargesii〉, 〈Castanopsis eyrei, C. fargesii〉, 〈P. taiwanensis, Fagus lucida〉 , 〈Machilus thunbergii, Castanopsis nigrescens〉, and （4） The results of clustering analysis based on the maximal tree method indicates that the 32 dominant species can be divided into 3 ESGs when A at o.6o, that is ESG I {Pinus massoniana, Cunning hamia lanceolata}, ESG II {P. taiwanensis, R. farrerae, Enkianthus quinqueflorus}, ESG III {C. carlesii, A. chinensis, C. eyrei, Castanopsis fabri, C. fargesii, Schima superba, Machilus thunbergii, Rhododendron latoueheae}. The results may be used for the selection of afforestation tree species in South China Forest Areas and guide the natural management of plantations.

Construction and Optimization on Environmental Protection under the Background of Species Diversity and Green Ecology

In this paper, we conduct research on the construction and optimization on environmental protection under the background of species diversity and green ecology. In scope, the environmental policies include pollution control policies, ecological conservation policies and basic international environmental policies which should be considered based on the following aspects. （1） The urban environment issue possibly emerges in the urban inside and outside interactions, thus the government to the ecological environment must pay attention to the sector coordination, and even must global footprint from the national and criterion consideration. （2） Environmental protection is not only adapted to the needs of the environment through the transformation, but stressed that ecological construction, that is, to promote the coordination between mankind and the natural environment. Development and protection are regional which should be global and intertwined.

Implementation status quo of traditional Chinese medicine nursing program for advantaged diseases

With the promulgation of the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)nursing program for advantaged diseases,its application in the clinic has drawn wide attention.TCM nursing program can actively promote the clinical development of TCM syndrome differentiation and nursing.This article introduces the implementation status quo of the TCM nursing program for advantaged diseases in clinical practice,summarize the existing problems in the implementation and put forward measures to promote its perfection.Finally,the article discusses and looks forward to the TCM nursing program for advantaged diseases.Provide theoretical basis and reference for medical workers to effectively promote the application and implementation of TCM nursing programs for advantaged disease.

Wireless sensor networks in relic protection:deployment methodology and cross-layer design

This paper describes the deployment optimization technology and the cross-layer design of a surveil-lance WSN system applied in relic protection.Facing the typical technical challenges in the applicationcontext of relic protection,we firstly propose a deployment technology based on ant colony optimization al-gorithm(DT-ACO)to overcome the difficulties in communication connectivity and sensing coverage.Meanwhile,DT-ACO minimizes the overall cost of the system as much as possible.Secondly we proposea novel power-aware cross-layer scheme(PACS)to facilitate adjustable system lifetime and surveillanceaccuracy.The performance analysis shows that we achieve lower device cost,significant extension of thesystem lifetime and improvement on the data delivery rate compared with the traditional methods.

Optimization of pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding process parameters to attain maximum tensile strength in AZ31B magnesium alloy

An empirical relationship to predict tensile strength of pulsed current gas tungsten arc welded AZ31B magnesium alloy was developed. Incorporating process parameters such as peak current, base current, pulse frequency and pulse on time were studied. The experiments were conducted based on a four-factor, five-level, central composite design matrix. The developed empirical relationship can be effectively used to predict the tensile strength of pulsed current gas tungsten arc welded AZ31B magnesium alloy joints at 95% confidence level. The results indicate that pulse frequency has the greatest influence on tensile strength, followed by peak current, pulse on time and base current.

Model of Optimal Forest Management Unit Area for a Sustainable Forest Resource Administration

Deforestation is one of the most crucial problems in Indonesia. It creates a number of environmental problems, e.g., landslides, loss of biological diversity, and decrease of carbon sequestration which are impacting human lives, There are a number of underlying causes, often stemmed from the emphasis on a particular forest management objective. Despite numerous forest policies and regulations established by the government, deforestation continues to happen. Quite often, the policies and regulations remain ＂paper tiger＂, which means ineffectual on the ground. One of the contributing factors to deforestation is the lack of custodian for the management of the forests. The regulation, such as law No. 41/1999, stipulates that all state forests must be managed under a FMI3 （forest management unit） as the custodians. The objective of this research is to develop an optimal model for FMU. Using the LGP （linear goal programming）, this research attempts to develop an optimum model for conservation areas. It assumes that the existing zoning approach implemented by the government in conservation areas is inappropriate. The optimum zoning model is expected to improve forest management and restore the forest function as a life supporting system and biological diversity conservation.

Energy Saving,Environmental Protection:Top Priority in China's Development——Exclusive interview with Dr.Yonglong L,Secretary-general,Chinese Committee for SCOPE(Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment/ICSU).

Energy saving,emission reduction and economic development are major issues China has to meet in building a harmonious society.On one hand,China should pursue a sustainable,fast and sound economic development,on the other hand,she should try to decrease the overuse of energy resources and the environ- mental problems caused by the rapid economic growth. In this regard,on June 24,the Standing Committee of National People's Congress deliberated the draft of Energy Saving Law,according to which China is to take"resources saving"as a basic national policy.This is a key issue to the long-term benefits of China.With relevant questions,China's Foreign Trade interviewed Dr, Yonglong L(?),Secretary-general,Chinese Committee for SCOPE(Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment/ICSU).and Research Professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Let's listen to Dr.L(?)'s comments with wisdom.

Determining of the Real Condition of High-Voltage Overhead Power Lines

Significant investments have been made regarding the construction of a great number of high-voltage overhead power lines of all voltage levels, and now the questions arise on where and how to direct the investments necessary for the maintenance of overhead power lines. To organise the process of maintenance of overhead power lines correctly, it is necessary to have the current information on the condition of particular components of a line. In this paper, special attention has been paid to the real condition of overhead power lines, with the aim of making the decision whether some of the following measures are necessary, and to what extent： the revitalisation for a certain number of years is perceived, the revitalisation up to five years and reconstruction of the overhead power line is performed, its restoration is performed or nothing is done. The approach to the perceiving of real condition of high-voltage overhead power lines is presented on a global block diagram. With the aim of setting out the list of priorities for revitalisation, the criteria have been defined with regards to the real condition of particular components of an overhead power line, as well as pursuant to the role and importance in an electric power system. The correctly defined criteria contribute to the solving of the problem of making a single list of priorities for the revitalisation of high-voltage overhead power lines. In that way, the recommendations are being given to the transmission companies, to achieve a higher reliability of an electric power system, with a minimum number of cancellations and a maximum extension of working life of all the components of overhead power lines. A correct maintenance of overhead power lines brings large financial savings to the owners of transmission companies, and that is the primary goal in a deregulated environment.