May Protein Be as the Genetic Information Carrier?

The 'central dogma 'of molecular biology indicated that the direction of the genetic information flow is from DNA - RNA - protein. However, up to now, the central dogma has not obtained a sufficient theoretical support from cybernetics and information theory. In addition, some special cases in biology, such as, although the scrapie prion is irreversibly inactivated by alkali, five procedures with more specificity for modifying nucleic acids failed to cause inactivation and when a resting cell is activated by some factors and division occurs, protein synthesis has begun before DNA synthesis etc., are also very difficult to explain clearly by the central dogma. A broad outline of a mechanism for reverse translation can easily be 'designed', based on the normal translation process, and this serves both to prove that there is no fundamental theoretical reason for the central dogma, and to illustrate why the redundancy of genetic code is not a problem.This paper, based on some previous research work of authors, from the view of cybernetics, information theory and theoretical biology, explored the possibility of protein as a genetic information carrier, the probable pairing ways between ammo acids-codons, and the direction of genetic information flows etc., at theory, by comparing and analyzing theoretically the characteristics of information carriers existing in DNA and protein. The authors inferred that perhaps protein may join the informational transferring as a genetic information carrier; the direction of genetic information flows, besides the way described by the central dogma, seem also to have another type, that is, genetic information flowing from protein - DNA (RNA) - protein, which also includes the genetic information flow in the central dogma. Undoubtedly, the research on problems about the position and roles of protein during the genetic information transferring will have an important effect on the investigation and development of molecular biology, molecular genetics and gene engineering.

On Coupled KdV Equations with Self-consistent Sources

The coupled Korteweg-de Vries （CKdV） equation with self-consistent sources （CKdVESCS） and its Lax representation are derived. We present a generalized binary Darboux transformation （GBDT） with an arbitrary time- dependent function for the CKdVESCS as well as the formula for the N-times repeated GBDT. This GBDT provides non-auto-Biicklund transformation between two CKdVESCSs with different degrees of sources and enables us to construct more generM solutions with N arbitrary t-dependent functions. We obtain positon, negaton, complexiton, and negaton- positon solutions of the CKdVESCS.

A New Design and Implementation of an Attendance Checking Node for Coal Mines

A novel design and implementation of an attendance checking node for coal mines based on the CAN bus is presented in this paper. Hardware circuits and programming methods for the attendance checking node are discussed,including the single-chip computer with CAN controller AT89C51CC03,the CAN bus transceiver TJA1050,the large capacity DataFlash memory,the real-time clock DS1302,the voice chip ISD2560 and the card-reading circuit in Wie-gand format. All the extended hardware satisfies the requirements for intrinsically safe circuits (GB3836.4-2000) and intrinsically safe authentication promoted by the national explosion-proof institute. Further,the software programming methods for the CAN controller (AT89C51CC03) and the implementation of the CAN communications protocol are presented as well.

Research on the Digital Communication Strategy of Intangible Cultural Heritage under the New Media Environment

In the field of intangible cultural heritage＇ s digital protection, a lot of research work has been made by all countries in the world, while the research on the digital commuuication of intangible cultural heritage is few and especially rarely seen in China. Under the premise, in this paper, the factors influencing intangible cultural heritage in the communication process are analyzed based on the information characteristics of intangible cultural heritage and the advantages of I-Space framework model in researching information transfer. Also, combined with the birch bark making technology in Heilongjiang province, the knowledge-based and signified communication strategy of intangible cultural heritage is proposed, aiming at providing new ideas for the researches on the digital communication of intangible cultural heritage.

Taking the ＂Local＂ out of Local News： Implications for an Informed Public

The meaning of ＂local＂ in TV news is not as straightforward as one might imagine. ＂Local＂ newscasts in several U.S. markets are outsourced to an independent company located hundreds of miles from the communities served. What are the implications of such a delivery system for coverage of local issues and the Jeffersonian ideal of an informed citizenry？ This study employs a content analysis of outsourced and local newscasts, using a data set of more than 1,000 stories from more than 30 hours of newscasts to determine if differences exist on story topics and source types. Does one type of station cover more public affairs stories than the other？ Does one type use more official sources, or more perspective from private individuals？ Even with the wide array of news sources currently available, local TV news still ranks as the most widely used information source. How well that source delivers information to local audiences is an important question to ask, particularly when the information may be coming from a great distance.

Delivering bad news to patients——the necessary evil

Delivering bad news regarding patient's health is an unavoidable task for physicians and medical students in their careers.This is especially difficult for beginners.Disclosing undesired medical information to patients is technically and mentally demanding.Only with proper communication skills and sufficient patient-contact practice can medical practitioners smoothly cope with this stressful mission.There are a number of common mistakes we fall into when delivering bad news,which might induce or exacerbate patients' anxiety.Sometimes we are prone to disclose medical information in a "straight-to-the-point" manner.This is often a futile attempt made on the physician's part to ease his or her own uncomfortableness when delivering bad news,but unfortunately it does no good to facilitate patients' acceptance of the actual condition.Instead of using medical jargons,physicians are obliged to use "layman's terms" that make better sense to their patients.Declaring a clinical diagnosis without corresponding explanation on the prognosis and the discussion of treatment can also bring much confusion and anxiety to patients.Another even worse situation might be that we finish the "lecture" in our own words without confirming the patient's comprehension and addressing their questions.Professionals have recommended a six-step protocol on delivering bad news to patients:"SPIKES":S-Setting up the interview;P-assessing the patient's Perception;I-obtaining the patient's Invitation;K-giving Knowledge and information to the patient;E-addressing the patient's Emotions with Empathic responses;S-Strategy and Summary.

Study on Wireless Power Transmission for Gastrointestinal Microsystems Based on Inductive Coupling

Wireless power transmission based on inductive coupling for remotely implanted micro devices has been considered in this paper. The receiving coil, integrated in microsystems and the external transmitting coil compose a loosely coupled transformer. The coupling coefficient was calculated and measured on spacing misalignments. The geometric size of transmitting coil was analyzed for the target of remotely delivering power. The received power was maximized by choosing appropriate value of frequency, tuning capacitance and the load resistance. A conventional full bridge rectifier circuit was employed to convert ac to dc voltage. The received dc power was up to 160 mW with a transmitting vohage of 5 Vrms when the receiving coil was placed at the center of the transmitting coil. This may meet the requirement of some microsystems for high power over a long time.

Quantum Information Transfer from a Double Quantum Dot System to a Cavity Field

In this paper, we propose a scheme to realize quantum information transfer from a double quantum dot （DQD） system to a quantized cavity field. The DQD and the cavity field are treated as a two-state charge qubit and a continuous-variable system, respectively. It is shown that quantum information encoded in the two-state DQD system can be transferred to quantum states of the cavity field with a continuous-variable basis through appropriate projective measurements with respect to the DQD.

Nucleo-cytoplasmic communication in apoptotic response to genotoxic and inflammatorystress

Genotoxic agents or inflammatory cytokines activate cellular stress responses and trigger programmed cell death. We have identified a signal transduction module, including three nuclear proteins that participate in the regulation of cell death induced by chemotherapeutic agents and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). In this nuclear signaling module, retino- blastoma protein (Rb) functions as an inhibitor of apoptotic signal transduction. Inactivation of Rb by phosphorylation or caspase-dependent cleavage/degradation is required for cell death to occur. Rb inhibits the Abl tyrosine kinase. Thus, Rb inactivation is a pre-requisite for Abl activation by DNA damage or TNF. Activation of nuclear Abl and its down- stream effector p73 induces mitochondriadependent cell death. The involvement of these nuclear signal transducers in TNF induced apoptosis, which does not require new gene expression, indicates that nuclear events other than transcrip- tion can contribute to extrinsic apoptotic signal transduction.

Generation of W States with Many Superconducting-Quantum-Interference-Devices in Cavity QED

We propose a scheme to generate the W states with many SQUIDs (superconducting-quantum-interferencedevices)in cavity QED via Raman transition.In this scheme,the transfer of quantum information between the SQUIDsand cavity is not required.And the cavity field is only virtually excited,thus the cavity decay is suppressed during theW states generation.The SQUIDs are always populated in the two ground states.Therefore,the scheme is insensitiveto the spontaneous emission of the excited level of the SQUID and cavity decay.

Design of PLC Centralized Meter Reading System

With the increasing development of urban housing construction and the rapid expansion of the number of inhabitants and independent electric energy meter, a variety of tariff systems are launched, meter reading metering becomes increasingly complex, and the traditional manual meter reading is already hard to adapt to new changes. This thesis studies the design of a centralized meter reading system. This program applies PLC technology for information transfer, which guarantees the stability of system carrier communication. This system is composed of electric energy meter, collector, concentrator and other hardware, as well as communication and management software of collection copies system. It is characterized by functions of power data collection, centralization, remote transmission, distance control, electricity analysis, line loss calculation, integrated query, and time-sharing billing. Its promotion and application will necessarily provide important technical means for power supply, property and urban utilities to improve their modernized and automatic management level.

Exploring Web News Translation The Problems and Strategy of Web News in Taiwan

Web news translation demands that translators work in a short time frame, and speed in transmitting information is vitally important in a highly competitive news market. However, they should still be concerned with quality control as the most important factor in grabbing the audience＇s attention. This paper uses statistical research to investigate American audiences＇ preferences for receiving news, and to identify the problems and questions of Web international news in Taiwan, focusing on three main news websites in Taiwan. The aim of this paper is to establish an argument that the translator could make a contribution to Taiwan＇s Web news production by using right strategies to improve the translation. By analyzing news websites in Taiwan and comparing new trends of Web news, this paper studies several strategies of Web news translation.

Reversible enhanced upconversion luminescence by thermal and electric fields in lanthanide ions doped ferroelectric nanocomposites

Luminescence modification of lanthanide ions has attracted great attention due to its applications in sensing,colorful display, information transmission and anti-counterfeiting. Traditional methods of tuning fluorescence typically employ tuning compositions that are not conducive to the development of multi-environment detection and anti-counterfeiting. In this study, lanthanide ions doped ferroelectric nanocomposite was exploited with external stimuli. The upconversion luminescence modification was preformed via both the thermal and electric fields. The anti-thermal quenching phenomenon was observed in the prepared nanocomposite, which could effectively enhance the upconversion luminescence of lanthanide ions. Based on the electromechanical softness of the ferroelectric lattice, exceptional luminescence modification was realized through electric polarization. The luminescence modifications by thermal and electric fields exhibited excellent reversibility and non-volatility. These results provide unique insights into the development of integrated stimulus responsive smart devices, colorful display and advanced multi-mode sensing materials.

Implementing two optimal economical quantum cloning with superconducting quantum interference devices in a cavity

We propose a unified scheme to implement the optimal 1→ 3economical phase-covariant quantum cloning and optimal 1→3 economical real state cloning with superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) in a cavity.During this process,no transfer of quantum information between the SQUIDs and cavity is required.The cavity field is only virtually excited.The scheme is insensitive to cavity decay.Therefore,the scheme can be experimentally realized in the range of current cavity QED techniques.

measurement weak repeatability covariant condition wave-packet collapse

The conflict between the dynamics postulate（unitary evolution） and the measurement postulate（wavepacket collapse） of quantum mechanics has been reconciled by Zurek from an information transfer perspective [Phys.Rev. A 76（2007） 052110], and has further been extended to a more general scenario [Phys. Rev. A 87（2013） 052111].In this paper, we reconsider Zurek＇s new derivation by using weak repeatability postulate or covariant condition instead of repeatability postulate.

The theory of information images： Modeling based on diffusion equations

This work represents a formalized description of information and communicative interac- tions of individuals on the basis of theory of information images （II）. It also demonstrates how important it is to choose the models type adequate to the systems under research. It also introduces an explication of the possibility to create the model of information and communication interactions that can illustrate transmission of information between two and more individuals. Methods and approaches suggested in this paper allow us to compare different levels of the described processes depending on the chosen architecture of the model; the methods and approaches mentioned in the current work can be also used to simulate the processes of distortion and generation of information images while information and communication social interaction. Expansion and addition of informa- tion images theory in terms of transmission of information among individuals enables us to speak about the space of individual II. The existence of such a space and creation of correct formalized model help us to explain a number of characteristic phenomena of human thinking processes. As a result of this research, the authors introduce an equa- tion that describes the spatial and structural evolution of individual II. There is also an example of modeling on the basis of this theory taking into account the results of the experiment （bilingual Stroop test）.