This paper is an exploration of how London is portrayed differently in two poems--William Wordsworth＇s Composed upon Westminster bridge and William Blake＇s London. In Wordsworth＇s poem Composed upon Westminster bri...This paper is an exploration of how London is portrayed differently in two poems--William Wordsworth＇s Composed upon Westminster bridge and William Blake＇s London. In Wordsworth＇s poem Composed upon Westminster bridge, the natural beauty of London is impressed deeply upon every reader. On the contrary, William Blake describes a dark, inactive and suffering city of London. With detailed analysis of the texts of the two poems, this paper shows how the two poets express different views of London.展开更多
Edgar Allan Poe is one of the greatest writers in American literary history. He was a short-story writer, fathering the detective story and starting the psychoanalytical tradition. He was also a poet, advocating short...Edgar Allan Poe is one of the greatest writers in American literary history. He was a short-story writer, fathering the detective story and starting the psychoanalytical tradition. He was also a poet, advocating short poems with regular and delicate rhyming schemes. He was, at the same time, a literary theorist, writing about the principles of composition. This paper is to analyze the theme and musical quality of Poe＇s poems, focusing on the techniques Poe had employed in his poems to help enhance his major themes of death and beauty. According to Poe, the most appropriate tone for all poems is melancholy. In Poe＇s life, there was a personal connection with ＂the death of a beautiful woman＂, which is acknowledged in his thesis The philosophy of composition. The impetus for composing of poems undoubtedly arose from Poe＇s loss of his mother and of other women he had loved. The beauty of music exerts great influence on Poe＇s aesthetic perception. He paid more than enough attention to the musical qualities of poetry. He defined poetry as ＂the rhythmical creation of beauty＂. Poe advocated the idea of the poet as a craftsman, interested in polishing and refining language. He stressed the use of language as a medium of convey pure musical and rhythmical beauty. Poe＇s reputation for musical verses is due to his choice of sounds and treatment of rimes and meter.展开更多
Brazilian studies in （Critical） Applied Linguistics＇ field have being carried out focusing on ethics. They focused on the relation between ethics and two main contexts： education and research. This paper aims at d...Brazilian studies in （Critical） Applied Linguistics＇ field have being carried out focusing on ethics. They focused on the relation between ethics and two main contexts： education and research. This paper aims at discussing what ethical procedures were taken in international studies. The data were collected at ERIC （Educational Resources Information Centre） database during the first semester of 2016. As analytical categories, we used the ethical procedures established by Brazilian Applied Linguists. The contribution is addressed to both BAL and International Applied Linguists once it offers an overview about a specific topic of research （viz., ethics）. As results, we observed that most of the topics presented by the Brazilian applied linguists were also covered by the research analyses. However, the social relevance was not reported properly by the data and that may be improved.展开更多
One of the aims of the Universal Declaration on B ioethics and Human Rights （UNESCO） is to ＂promote respect for human dignity and protect human rights＂,l Here are two overarching principles at work, ensuring that ...One of the aims of the Universal Declaration on B ioethics and Human Rights （UNESCO） is to ＂promote respect for human dignity and protect human rights＂,l Here are two overarching principles at work, ensuring that the biomedical sciences fulfill their task within an ethical framework. The principle of respect for human dignity is a universal moral concept, meant to be applied in human encounters. Protecting human rights underscores the legal principle of not only affirming the fundamental equality of all human beings, but equally safeguarding it. These two principles are universally defined, but are ordinarily specified by the particular value system of individual cultures in which they are employed. It is within such particular cultural application that their relevance stands out. The thrust of this paper is that, since principles are general action guides, they actually constitute a universal language for the analysis and evaluation of all human conduct. However, there is also recognition of the fact that moral contexts vary from culture to culture, and that while the scope of the two principles above is not restricted by any particular culture, it is indeed those cultural specifics of each moral context that constitute the framework within which the principles become operational. As general action guides, I will argue that these principles lack moral relevance outside of those particular cultural settings wherein they are contextualized. Without such relevance, these principles become meaningless mantras. I will further show that such principles do not merely uphold values informed by particular cultures, but they are an embodiment of values inherent to human nature in general. Consequently, these principles do not just serve as instruments for addressing issues peculiar to ＂Western bioethics＂ or any other particular cultural setting in an exclusive sense, but are also used for moderating bioethics discourse that transcend particular cultural boundaries. I will further explain that such universal discourse is potentially instructive with regards to how cultural universals are viewed in relation to the cultural particulars, and that this discourse essentially becomes a lingua franca for cross-cultural dialogue in bioethics.展开更多
Through a semantic analysis of such common words as ＂good,＂ ＂right,＂ and ＂rights,＂ this article tries to argue that ＂justice＂ as a value-term basically means ＂no unacceptable harm to the human＂ or ＂respecti...Through a semantic analysis of such common words as ＂good,＂ ＂right,＂ and ＂rights,＂ this article tries to argue that ＂justice＂ as a value-term basically means ＂no unacceptable harm to the human＂ or ＂respecting the deserved rights of the human＂ in the meta-ethical sense. In real life, then, the becoming of universal justice as an authentic moral virtue depends first and foremost upon the concrete and dynamic cultivation of such a universalistic ethical attitude： regarding neither merely oneself nor some persons specially related to oneself, but everyone as the ＂human,＂ and valuing all of them morally important and dignified so as not to do morally unacceptable harm to them, but to respect their deserved rights.展开更多
文摘This paper is an exploration of how London is portrayed differently in two poems--William Wordsworth＇s Composed upon Westminster bridge and William Blake＇s London. In Wordsworth＇s poem Composed upon Westminster bridge, the natural beauty of London is impressed deeply upon every reader. On the contrary, William Blake describes a dark, inactive and suffering city of London. With detailed analysis of the texts of the two poems, this paper shows how the two poets express different views of London.
文摘Edgar Allan Poe is one of the greatest writers in American literary history. He was a short-story writer, fathering the detective story and starting the psychoanalytical tradition. He was also a poet, advocating short poems with regular and delicate rhyming schemes. He was, at the same time, a literary theorist, writing about the principles of composition. This paper is to analyze the theme and musical quality of Poe＇s poems, focusing on the techniques Poe had employed in his poems to help enhance his major themes of death and beauty. According to Poe, the most appropriate tone for all poems is melancholy. In Poe＇s life, there was a personal connection with ＂the death of a beautiful woman＂, which is acknowledged in his thesis The philosophy of composition. The impetus for composing of poems undoubtedly arose from Poe＇s loss of his mother and of other women he had loved. The beauty of music exerts great influence on Poe＇s aesthetic perception. He paid more than enough attention to the musical qualities of poetry. He defined poetry as ＂the rhythmical creation of beauty＂. Poe advocated the idea of the poet as a craftsman, interested in polishing and refining language. He stressed the use of language as a medium of convey pure musical and rhythmical beauty. Poe＇s reputation for musical verses is due to his choice of sounds and treatment of rimes and meter.
文摘Brazilian studies in （Critical） Applied Linguistics＇ field have being carried out focusing on ethics. They focused on the relation between ethics and two main contexts： education and research. This paper aims at discussing what ethical procedures were taken in international studies. The data were collected at ERIC （Educational Resources Information Centre） database during the first semester of 2016. As analytical categories, we used the ethical procedures established by Brazilian Applied Linguists. The contribution is addressed to both BAL and International Applied Linguists once it offers an overview about a specific topic of research （viz., ethics）. As results, we observed that most of the topics presented by the Brazilian applied linguists were also covered by the research analyses. However, the social relevance was not reported properly by the data and that may be improved.
文摘One of the aims of the Universal Declaration on B ioethics and Human Rights （UNESCO） is to ＂promote respect for human dignity and protect human rights＂,l Here are two overarching principles at work, ensuring that the biomedical sciences fulfill their task within an ethical framework. The principle of respect for human dignity is a universal moral concept, meant to be applied in human encounters. Protecting human rights underscores the legal principle of not only affirming the fundamental equality of all human beings, but equally safeguarding it. These two principles are universally defined, but are ordinarily specified by the particular value system of individual cultures in which they are employed. It is within such particular cultural application that their relevance stands out. The thrust of this paper is that, since principles are general action guides, they actually constitute a universal language for the analysis and evaluation of all human conduct. However, there is also recognition of the fact that moral contexts vary from culture to culture, and that while the scope of the two principles above is not restricted by any particular culture, it is indeed those cultural specifics of each moral context that constitute the framework within which the principles become operational. As general action guides, I will argue that these principles lack moral relevance outside of those particular cultural settings wherein they are contextualized. Without such relevance, these principles become meaningless mantras. I will further show that such principles do not merely uphold values informed by particular cultures, but they are an embodiment of values inherent to human nature in general. Consequently, these principles do not just serve as instruments for addressing issues peculiar to ＂Western bioethics＂ or any other particular cultural setting in an exclusive sense, but are also used for moderating bioethics discourse that transcend particular cultural boundaries. I will further explain that such universal discourse is potentially instructive with regards to how cultural universals are viewed in relation to the cultural particulars, and that this discourse essentially becomes a lingua franca for cross-cultural dialogue in bioethics.
文摘Through a semantic analysis of such common words as ＂good,＂ ＂right,＂ and ＂rights,＂ this article tries to argue that ＂justice＂ as a value-term basically means ＂no unacceptable harm to the human＂ or ＂respecting the deserved rights of the human＂ in the meta-ethical sense. In real life, then, the becoming of universal justice as an authentic moral virtue depends first and foremost upon the concrete and dynamic cultivation of such a universalistic ethical attitude： regarding neither merely oneself nor some persons specially related to oneself, but everyone as the ＂human,＂ and valuing all of them morally important and dignified so as not to do morally unacceptable harm to them, but to respect their deserved rights.
