清末日本“体操”教学的阐释与启示

近代以降,国门洞开,文化交流日渐凸显,教育方面的交流显得尤为重要。史料记载,清末时期日本"体操"教学不胫而走传入中国,进而加强了中日教育制度、内容、管理等方面的交流。研究发现日本"体操"教学的目标是锻炼身体、磨练意志,以强身健体为基本内涵,其中涉及了到日本"体操"教学的宗旨、动作教学、教师素养、教学方式等,以此为借鉴,萃取其中精华为当今我国青少年体育运动动作发展与优化提供有益启示,重新考量学校体育的教学与管理。

制图:训练创新思维的“体操”

为实施素质教育,强化制图学科素质教育的功能,应根据制图学科的特点,把制图作为创新思维训练的体操,在"以训练为主线"的教学结构中,挖掘制图学科中创新思维训练的生发点、训练点,坚持以各种思维训练为核心,灵活运用各种教学策略训练学生的思维能力,使其掌握思维方法,形成科学的思维结构,以提高学科教学质量,培养学生的创新能力。

高校太极拳教学中实施“体操式”教学法的应用研究

教学方法的优劣直接影响教学任务的完成与否和教学质量的高低。将“体操式”教学法用于高校太极拳教学中 ,通过实验证实了它的有效性和可行性 ;实验证明它能极大地节约教学时间 ,有利于学生更快更好地掌握太极拳技术 ,增强学生信心 ,明显优于传统教法。

Multi-broker architecture for large-scale dynamic heterogeneous information integration

In order to realize interoperability to a large number of autonomous and heterogeneous information sources with high efficiency, an agent-based multi-broker architecture （AMA）-HustEven, is constructed. A group of broker agents are designed to provide brokering services in a peer-to-peer （P2P） manner for the non- broker agents （user agents, resource agents, query agents）. Thus, the scalability and robustness of the system are enhanced. Ontology is also used by the broker agents for facilitating interoperability among all the agents in HustEven. Unlike any other AMAs, an interdomain ontology is built in this system to represent the relationships among the common concepts in the innerdomain ontologies. Therefore, a broker forwards the queries only to the other related brokers according to the interdomain ontology and the communication overhead among the brokers is reduced. Obviously, the application of the interdomain ontology enables a broker to fully take advantage of the multi-broker architecture. The experimental results show that the HustEven performs more efficiently than any other existing systems.

Competitive trampolining influence trabecular bone structure,bone size,and bone strength

Background：Trampolining is a form of gymnastics that has increased in popularity over the last decade and due to its concurrence with the formative years of bone development,it may have an important impact on bone health.However,bone density,microarchitecture,and bone strength of competitive trampolinists have not been explored.Therefore,the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between trampolining participation and（1） bone density,area,and microarchitecture;and（2） estimated bone strength and the role of muscle and impact loading in young female adults.Methods：We recruited 29 female participants aged 16–29 years for this study（n=14 trampolinists;n=15 controls）.Skeletal parameters were assessed using dual X-ray absorptiometry,high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography（HR-pQCT）,and finit element analysis（FEA）.Muscle strength was measured using dynamometers.Results：Trampolinists had higher bone density at the hip and spine,greater trabecular density and thicker trabeculae at the tibia,as well as larger bones at both the tibia and radius than controls（p〈0.05）.Trampolinists also had higher muscle strength than controls at the lower body with no difference between groups in the upper body.Estimates of bone strength using FEA were greater for trampolinists than controls at both the radius and tibia.Conclusion：This is the firs study to investigate bone density,area,and microarchitecture in female trampolinists using HR-p QCT.Trampolinists had greater bone density,area,microarchitecture,and estimated bone strength than controls.

Slag-washing water of blast furnace power station with supercritical organic Rankine cycle

Organic Rankine cycle(ORC) power plant operating with supercritical parameters supplied by low temperature slag-washing water(SWW) of blast furnace was investigated.A schematic of such installation was presented with a description of its operation and the algorithm of calculations of a supercritical power plant.Two typical organic fluids with sufficiently low critical parameters were selected as candidate working fluids in the plant to study the efficiency of the system with different organic fluids.An analysis of the influence on the effectiveness of operation of a plant was carried out.With the same temperature of slag-washing water,the specific work in turbine of fluid R143a is 45% higher than that obtained for the fluid R125,however,the specific work in pump of fluid R143a is approximate equal into that one of the fluid R125.

Operation of a Batch Stripping Distillation Column

A stripping batch distillation column is preferred when the amount of the light component in the feed is small and the products are to be recovered at high purity. The operation modes of a batch stripping are believed to be the same as those of a rectifier. However, the control system of a stripper is different. In this paper, we explore three different control methods with Hysys (Hyprotech Ltd. 1997) for a batch stripper. The main difference is the control scheme for reboiler liquid level: (a) controlled by reflux flow; (b) controlled by reboiler heat duty; (c) controlled by bottom product flow. The main characteristics of operating a batch stripper with different control scheme are presented in this paper. Guidelines are provided for the startup of a batch stripper, the effects of somecontrol tuning parameters on the column performance are discussed.

Flow shop rescheduling problem under rush orders

In the environment of customization, disturbances such as rush orders and material shortages often occur in the manufacturing system, so rescheduling is necessary for the manufacturing system. The rescheduling methodology should be able to dispose of the disturbance efficiently so as to keep production going smoothly. This aims researching flow shop rescheduling problem (FSRP) necessitated by rush orders. Disjunctive graph is employed to demonstrate the FSRP. For a flow shop processing n jobs, after the original schedule has been made, and z out of n jobs have been processed in the flow shop, x rush orders come, so the original n jobs together with x rush orders should be rescheduled immediately so that the rush orders would be processed in the shortest time and the original jobs could be processed subject to some optimized criteria. The weighted mean flow time of both original jobs and rush orders is used as objective function. The weight for rush orders is much bigger than that of the original jobs, so the rush orders should be processed early in the new schedule. The ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm used to solve the rescheduling problem has a weakness in that the search may fall into a local optimum. Mutation operation is employed to enhance the ACO performance. Numerical experiments demonstrated that the proposed algorithm has high computation repeatability and efficiency.

Ulnar variance related to biological and training characteristics, pain and handgrip strength in Portuguese skeletally immature male gymnasts

Purpose： This study was to investigate the association between ulnar variance（UV） and biological and training characteristics, handgrip, and wrist pain in a group of 23 Portuguese skeletally immature male gymnasts（aged 11.2 2.5 years）.Methods： Left and right UV was obtained using Hafner＇s procedure and skeletal age was determined by the TannereWhitehouse 3-method. A negative mean value for UV measures was observed（ 2.4 to 3.6 mm） without significant differences with increasing age-category（ p=0.09 to p=0.48）. Significant low correlations were observed between some UV parameters and stature, fat percentage, years of training, and left handgrip strength.Results： Ten gymnasts reported wrist pain with gradual onset and UV values were very similar between painless and painful wrists.Conclusion： The findings of this study do not directly support the thesis that gymnastics training and biological variables or wrist pain are associated with UV.

New Two-Mode Coherent-Intermediate-Entangled State and Its Squeezing Operator

The coherent-intermediate-entangled state ｜α, x）λ,v is proposed in the two-mode Fock Space, which exhibits both the properties of the coherent and entangled states. The ｜α, x）λ,v makes up a new quantum mechanical representation, and the completeness relation of ｜α, x）λ,v is proved by virtue of the technique of integral within an ordered product of operators. The corresponding squeezing operators are derived. Furthermore, Generalized P-representation is constructed in the coherent-intermediate-entangled state ｜α, x）λ,v and the Schmidt decomposition of ｜α, x）λ,v is investigated.

Effectiveness of quality physical education in improving students' manipulative skill competency

Purpose： This study aimed to examine the extent to which the quality physical education teaching （QPET） practices contributed to improving 4th- and 5th-grade students＇ manipulative skill competency. Methods： Participants were 9 elementary physical education （PE） teachers and their 4th- and 5th-grade students （n = 2709 3420）. The students＇ skill competency was assessed with 3 manipulative skills using PE metrics assessment rubrics. The PE teachers＇ levels of QPET were assessed by coding 63 videotaped lessons using the assessing quality teaching rubrics （AQTR）, which consisted of 4 essential dimensions including task design, task presentation, class management, and instructional guidance. Codes were confirmed through inter-rater reliability （82.4%, 84.5%, and 94%）. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, multiple R2 regression models, and independent sample t tests. Results： This study indicated that the 4 essential dimensions of QPET were all significant contributors to students＇ manipulative skill competency. These predictors were significantly higher for boys than for girls in soccer and striking skills, while they were significantly higher for girls than for boys in throwing skill competency. Of the 4 essential dimensions of QPET, task presentation played the most significant role in contributing to all 3 skill competencies for both boys and girls. Further, students who experienced high QPET were significantly more skillfully competent than those students who did not have this experience. Conclusion： It was concluded that the QPET practices played a significantly critical role in contributing to students＇ manipulative skill competency.

Montenegrin Print Media Manipulation in the Circumstances of Economic Crisis

The economic crisis, which has spread all over the world, soon has become a major scoop for all media. We hear about the effects of the economic crisis on a daily basis----countries going bankrupt, toppled governments, high unemployment rate, lay-offs, and suicides caused by hopeless situation. Montenegrin media also pay considerable attention to economic problems. However, judging by the headlines, the media have no aim to provide citizens with objective reporting of the circumstances in the country. Instead, in the circumstances of economic crisis and depending on their editorial policy, they are trying to manipulate the public. Some portray the situation better than it actually is, failing to provide realistic information of the issues such as unemployment rate, inflation, average wages, and protests of dissatisfied citizens, while the others are focused on attacking their political opponents by hyping up the effects of economic crisis and portraying the events in the worst possible light. Basically, both are driven primarily by their own interests and not by the interests of the citizens.

Automatic Analysis Reporting for Hydro-Chemical Data Using Updated DurovPwin Program

Graphical representation of groundwater major dissolved constituents greatly help researchers in understanding the hydro-chemical evolution, grouping and areal distribution. Durov diagram is one of the most widely used technique but it requires a lot of tedious calculations. The DurovPlot program, which is used to plot the expanded Durov diagram as a graphical representation of groundwater major dissolved constituents is working on Disk Operating System （DOS） environment. Therefore, the need of a new program working under windows is a must. The program termed as DurovPwinis developed using Microsoft visual studio 2010. The DurovPwin program not only calculates the Durov coordinates and plot it, but also plots the total dissolved solids （TDS） on logarithmic scale and the measure of the activity of hydrogen ion （pH） of the given samples. The updated DurovPwin adds many features such as interface with Microsoft Office package （Word and Excel） to read the input chemical elements and automatically write result interpretation report. The user facility to group wells based on data features is added and the selection of the electric balance tolerance （10% as default） value is given. Another feature of the modified DurovPwinis has the ability to do useful X-Y plot for different hydro-chemical parameters to assist in data interpretation. The sodium adsorption ratio （SAR） is also calculated and written in the final report. Also, in the present study, the usability of the new version of DurovPwin program has been tested on the chemical data from 59 groundwater samples collected from A1-Jawf area, Saudi Arabia. The collected water samples were mainly from the Secondary-Tertiary-Quaternary （STQ） aquifer and some from Tawil and Jaufaquifers. The grouping of the major ions in the three aquifers have been displayed and presented using the DurovPwin program. The TDS values of Tawil aquifer ranges from 257.9 to 822.3 （2.4115 to 2.915） and for Jawf aquifer from 494.4 to 1,070 （2.6941 to 3.0294） and for STQ aquifer ranges from 399.5 to 9,861.8 （2.6015 to 3.994）. The pH for the three aquifers ranges from 7 to 7.9, 7.6 to 7.8 and 7.2 to 8.3, respectively.

Investigating the flow characteristics of air-lift pumps operating in gas-liquid two-phase flow

Experiments were conducted to investigate the flow characteristics in the riser pipe and the suction pipe of airlift pump at a series of air flow rates and submergence ratios by using a high speed camcorder and a Laser Doppler Velocimetvy system （LDV）. A modified model was developed to predict the performance of airlift pump operating in gas-liquid two-phase flow, The results show that an unstable flow structure composed by a water falling film, a bubbly mixture, a water ascending film appearing alternately in riser pipe dominates the performance of airlift pump at large air flow rates. The bubbly mixture with a strongest capacity for pumping water first increases to its maximum and then slightly decreases. In suction pipe, the average velocity shows a flat profile and increases with increasing submergence ratio. Moreover, the predicted results of modified model are in good agreement with the experimental data in a margin of ± 12%.

Perfume Advertisements and Their Manipulation of the Female Body

Mass media has contributed to the large increase in the number of advertisements all over the world and in all types of products that could be advertised. Over the last few years, companies have strived to gain a wide audience through advertisement to sell more and more their commodities. Women have become an essential component and a tool that advertisers use to attract the spectator＇s attention, especially the male viewer. Perfume ads are considered among the ads that extremely use the female body, through scenes of beauty and appeal which makes the spectator enters a world of dreams, charm, and lust. In this paper, the author aims to analyze print perfume ads from different brands, including Gucci, Chanel, Calvin Klein, Dolce and Gabana, and Dior, and their manipulation of the female body to create a sort of voyeuristic desire in the spectator＇s psyche and to serve their lucrative purpose.

Effect of the operation parameters on the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in fluidized bed reactors

For the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis （FrS）, this paper presents a numerical investigation in a 3D fiuidized bed reactor. The effect of the operation parameters such as bed temperature, superficial gas velocities, particle size and bed heights is discussed. A 3D-CFD model coupled with FTS chemical kinetics was set up. The computational resuits are compared with experimental data in terms of the components production rates, etc. The analysis shows that the bed heights, the bed temperature, the superficial gas velocities and particle sizes affect the C5 ＋ selectivity and the reaction rates. Product yields are dependent on the operating conditions especially the temperature.

Submental tracheal intubation for resection of recurrent giant pituitary tumor:a case report

Airway management in the patients who receive transmaxillary approach for resection of giant pituitary tumor presents a clinical challenge to the anesthesiologists. Oral or nasal route for tracheal intubation can interfere with surgical procedures. This report describes submental tracheal intubation for airway management in a patient who underwent resection of recurrent giant pituitary tumor via transmaxillary approach. Submental tracheal intubation is an adaptable and safe alternative technology for airway management during operation.

Study on Vitalizing Port Operation at Ulsan Port： Focused on Main Port of Ulsan

Ulsan port is the hugest industry-oriented port in South Korea. It has the third highest traffic volume of cargo, and also it has the most liquid bulk in Korea. However, on account of thoughtless development, there are other cases like Ulsan port that liquid cargo and general cargo are simultaneously handled. The demurrage ratio takes up to 12.5% of probability on average. In 2010, it has less room at berths for liquid bulk than general cargo and it totally has 107% of processing ratio （throughput）. This indicates that Ulsan port concentrates on liquid cargo more than general cargo depending on the characteristics of the port. This research suggests the effects as alternatives for efficiency and effectivity at both ports, Ulsan port and Pohang port in the case that the general cargo handled in Ulsan port is relocated to Pohang port in terms of the characteristics of products which Pohang port and its hinterland the most focused on. Namely, we estimate volume of relocated volume suitable for relocation in assumption that volume handled in Ulsan port is relocated to Pohang port scenario by scenario, analyze the effects of relocated volume, and suggest alternatives for vitalizing Ulsan port.

Numerical Investigation of Hydrodynamic Flow Over an AUV Moving in the Water-surface Vicinity Considering the Laminar-turbulent Transition

Nowadays, Autonomous Underwater Vehicles(AUVs) are frequently used for exploring the oceans. The hydrodynamics of AUVs moving in the vicinity of the water surface are significantly different at higher depths. In this paper, the hydrodynamic coefficients of an AUV in non-dimensional depths of 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, and 4D are obtained for movement close to the free-surface. Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes Equations(RANS) are discretized using the finite volume approach and the water-surface effects modeled using the Volume of Fraction(VOF) method. As the operating speeds of AUVs are usually low, the boundary layer over them is not fully laminar or fully turbulent, so the effect of boundary layer transition from laminar to turbulent flow was considered in the simulations. Two different turbulence/transition models were used: 1) a full-turbulence model, the k-ε model, and 2) a turbulence/transition model, Menter's Transition-SST model. The results show that the Menter's Transition-SST model has a better consistency with experimental results. In addition, the wave-making effects of these bodies are studied at different immersion depths in the sea-surface vicinity or at finite depths. It is observed that the relevant pitch moments and lift coefficients are non-zero for these axi-symmetric bodies when they move close to the sea-surface. This is not expected for greater depths.