再论王艮“保身”说的得与失

王艮因现实政治的刺激、非法贩盐的恐惧和孝亲的伦理精神,提出"明哲保身"说。此说的积极意义在于纠正当时士人因一些不正当的观念和理由而做出枉顾性命的偏激行为,提醒士人以保重身体性命为首要任务。王艮的论证策略是提升个人身体的重要性,将身与道合一化,再以"一体之仁"开拓出保身爱人的伦理行为。可是,论证中出现了一些在逻辑上较为勉强的失误,这些失误让我们看到王艮"执本而用末"的"保身"原则在肯定意义上维护了道德的完满性,但在否定意义上又丧失了道德的实用性。简言之,王艮的"保身"说在历史背景下有其救正道德时弊的审美感,却容易成为不道德的庇护所。

再论王艮“保身说”的得与失

王艮因现实政治的刺激、非法贩盐的恐惧和孝亲的伦理精神,而提出＂明哲保身说＂。此说的积极意义在于纠正当时士人因一些不正当的观念和理由而做出枉顾性命的偏激行为,提醒士人以保重身体性命为首要任务。王艮的论证策略是提升个人身体的重要性,将身与道合一化,再以＂一体之仁＂开拓出保身爱人的伦理行为。可是,论证中出现了一些在逻辑上较为勉强的失误,比如＂能爱身,不敢不爱人＂;＂能爱人,则人必爱我＂和＂保身而不知爱人,则利己害人＂。这些失误让我们看到王艮＂执本而用末＂的＂保身＂原则在积极意义上维护了道德的完满性,而在负面意义上又丧失了道德的实用性。简言之,王艮的＂保身说＂在历史背景下有其救正道德时弊的审美感,却容易成为不道德的庇护所。

老子哲学的身体观及其当代启示

在老子哲学思想体系中,身体不仅是形与神俱、身与心合、主客一体的存在,更是自然属性与社会文化两个维度的统一。因此,立足于身体作为生命在世存在的首要条件这一根本事实,老子在强调以身为贵的同时,指出我们的身体生命活动要以“善”为准则:懂得“居善地”、“动善时”,持守如婴儿般“见素抱朴”的生命境界,如此才能合乎“道”的运行,从而实现生命的自我持存以及自我与天地万物的和谐共生。简言之,老子哲学的身体观背后所体现出来的“天人合一”的美学精神与生存智慧等,作为一笔宝贵的人类文化资源,不仅对当代社会肤浅的身体狂欢具有重要的批判意义,而且其价值诉求更是面向人类未来的。

Moments and limiting distribution of a portfolio of whole life annuity policies

A dual random model of a portfolio of variable amount whole life annuity is set with the mth moment of the present value of benefits, and the respective expressions of the moments under the assumption that the force of interest accumulation function is Wiener process or Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. Furthermore, the limiting distribution of average cost of this portfolio is discussed with the expression of the limiting distribution under the assumption that the force of interest accumulation is an independent increment process.

ID-based Key-insulated Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol

The basic idea behind an ID-based cryptosystem is that end user's public key can be determined by his identity information.Comparing with the traditional certificate-based cryptography,identity-based cryptography can eliminate much of the overhead associated with the deployment and management of certificate.However,exposure of private keys can be the most devastating attack on a public key based cryptosystem since such that all security guarantees are lost.In this paper,an ID-based authenticated key agreement protocol was presented.For solving the problem of key exposure of the basic scheme,the technique of key insulation was applied and a key insulated version is developed.

On Protection System of the Domestic Trade Name Rights

商号一直是我国知识产权保护的弱点,但商号在我国有着广泛的应用,并且具有巨大的商业利益,因此,我国的商号保护制度需要加强和改进。本文主要从商号的保护重要性和商号保护的具体措施的改进进行论述。

Violated Rights, Censured Memories： Histories of Violated Human Rights in Brazil and in the Southern Cone

This research aims to analyse the contents of Fundo Clamor, located at the Documentation and Scientific Information Centre--CEDIC, from the Pontifical Catholic University of S~_o Paulo--SP, between the years of 1970 and 1992, as well as its contribution to the process of rescuing historical memory of child and teenager abduction, imprisonment, and torture in the course of military dictatorships in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay. The methodology used in this descriptive and qualitative research intends to take two directions： a bibliographical and a descriptive analytic documental research. Through the consultation and analysis of documents from Fundo Clamor （correspondence, denunciations, bulletins, and leaflets from Abuelas de la Plaza de Mayo, reports, writs of habeas corpus, pieces of reportage, and files from clandestine detention centres and on enforced disappearances）, a compilation will be made with information regarding the disappearance of children and the imprisonment and/or abduction of pregnant militants in an attempt to describe the situation of apprehension and incarceration, the historical context, and the repression forces involved in the operation of arrest, kidnapping and/or torture of militants, children, and teenagers. Besides this heritage, a documental research will be made at Terror Archives, the Centre for Documentation and Archives for the Defence of Human Rights （CDyA） of Paraguay Supreme Justice Court, which contains a register of Alfredo Stroessner＇s thirty-five-year-long military dictatorship in Paraguay. The main argument in this research states that the archives from the Committee for the Defence of Refugees Human Rights from the Southern Cone, available at Fundo Clamor, contribute significantly to the rescue of historical memory from the dictatorial period and to the achievement of complete citizenship in these countries, considering that Brazil was the protagonist of the National Security Doctrine implantation process in South America.

Acquired hemophilia A in solid cancer: Two case reports and review of the literature

Acquired hemophilia A （AHA） is a rare, hemorrhagic autoimmune disease, whose pathogenesis involves reduced coagulation factor Ⅷ （FⅧ） activity related to the appearance of inhibitors against FⅧ. Common etiological factors include autoimmune diseases, ma-lignancy, and pregnancy. We report two cases of AHA in solid cancer. The first case is a 63-year-old man who developed peritoneal and intestinal bleeding after gastrectomy for gastric cancer. He was diagnosed with AHA, and was treated with prednisone, followed by cyclophosphamide. In the second case, a 68-year-old man developed a subcutaneous hemorrhage. He was diagnosed with AHA in hepatocellular carcinoma on CT imaging, and treated with rituximab alone. Hemostasis was achieved for both patients without bypassing agents as the amount of inhibitors was reduced and eradicated. However, both patients died within 1 yeardue to cancer progression. Successful treatment for AHA in solid cancer can be diffcult because treatment of the underlying malignancy is also required.

Structural Preservationm Priority of the Sustainable Management of Bulgarian Cultural and Historical Heritage Buildings

Bulgarian cultural heritage is the most important part of the national wealth and a major factor in the accreditation of the Bulgarian cultural identity. Preservation of cultural and historical heritage valuables of one nation determines its development and presents an integrated project for their use in accordance with the contemporary needs of the society. Sustainable management and adaptation of Bulgarian cultural and historical heritage buildings are a guarantee for preservation of their value, including social, economical, political, scientific, aesthetic, philosophical, spiritual, architectural, structural, archeological and sentimental aspects of this value. Regarding to this, structural preservation presents a priority of the sustainable management of Bulgarian cultural and historical heritage buildings. For that type of buildings, the traditional methods for structural strengthening are not applicable and the development of individual rehabilitation programs is required. They must always reflect the specific conditions and building＇s importance. The existing technical regulations in Bulgaria are presented and general recommendations for their applications and future development are done. Regarding to the Bulgarian current law and governing regulations, the implementation plan for the conservation and management is presented in this paper. Based on the analysis of the principles of the sustainable management and especially of the structural preservation, some general conclusions are made.

Robust EPR-pairs-based quantum secure communication with authentication resisting collective noise

This work presents two robust quantum secure communication schemes with authentication based on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR) pairs, which can withstand collective noises. Two users previously share an identity string representing their identities. The identity string is encoded as decoherence-free states(termed logical qubits), respectively, over the two collective noisy channels, which are used as decoy photons. By using the decoy photons, both the authentication of two users and the detection of eavesdropping were implemented. The use of logical qubits not only guaranteed the high fidelity of exchanged secret message, but also prevented the eavesdroppers to eavesdrop beneath a mask of noise.