“健身”词意辨析及其健康观念管窥

用语言学和比较学方法,对“健身”词意进行辨析,并窥视“健身”一词所负载的健康观念,以探讨现代健身理念及其方法的现实意义。结果发现,“健身”一词有着丰富的内涵,并且随着健康观念的更新,“健身”的词意也发生了相应的变化。现代的健身理念应该更加体现现代人的和谐意识,在这种和谐意识的支配下所选择的健身行为,也就应该更加理性化。

“健身气功”课程线上线下混合式教学探究

文章基于“健身气功”课程教学现状分析,首先论述了“健身气功”课程线上线下混合式教学实践,然后阐述了“健身气功”课程线上线下混合式教学成效,最后总结了“健身气功”课程线上线下混合式教学特色。

“健身气功·五禽戏”锻炼对中老年人焦虑水平的影响

运用焦虑自评量表(SAS)对100名参加"健身气功.五禽戏"锻炼的中老年人进行锻炼前、后的问卷调查。结果表明:"健身气功·五禽戏"锻炼能降低中老年人焦虑水平,具有调身、调心、调息的养生作用。

“健身气功·五禽戏”对大学女生数项肺通气指标影响的实验研究

为进一步了解"健身气功·五禽戏"对大学女生肺通气功能指标的影响,随机抽取大一第一学期各选项课低于《标准》的401名女大学生,将其中的201名大学女生集中选项民族传统体育选项课,并将其作为数项肺通气指标的实验对象;其后对实验组的201名受试者进行18周五禽戏的教授与练习。结果显示:学习和练习五禽戏对大学女生的潮气量(TV)、补吸气量或吸气贮备量(IRV)、补呼气量或呼气贮备量(ERV)、残气量(RV)、深吸气量(IC)、肺活量(VC)、用力肺活量(FVC)、肺总量(TLC)、肺通气量(pulmonary ventilation)等的影响有着独特的优势和显著的效果。

健身拜

据南宋著名诗人陆游的《老学庵笔记·卷下》记载,有一位名叫张珙的老人,是唐安江原人。虽然已经七十多岁了,但走路灵活,行动敏捷,身体非常健康。人们向他请教健康长寿的秘诀,张老先生说：我就是每天早晨一起来,

基于GIS的城市社区体育“健身圈”设施选址研究

社区体育"健身圈"建设是一项政府工程,其设施的公益性,使用需求的连续分布及无明确设施位置候选点使得"健身圈"设施的选址不同于一般选址问题。基于"健身圈"设施选址的公平性和效率性原则,构建改进的区位集覆盖模型,以求解使设施完全有效覆盖居民区的最少设施点数及其位置。并运用GIS技术,将连续居民区离散化提取需求点,以需求点缓冲区优化设施位置候选点,从而构建设施选址网络,求解选址模型。最后,以无锡市为例,进行应用研究,以文字及二维地图形式形象表达求解结果。对政府落实《全民健身条例》,建设城乡社区体育"健身圈"具有重要意义。

“健身盗猎”:从参与式文化角度看刘畊宏爆火

“云健身”的爆火成了网络直播时代里程碑式的事件,刘畊宏健身直播的爆火更是使健身全民化、全民健身专业化。文章基于刘畊宏教练直播间在全网爆火的现象,从参与式文化的角度分析“云健身”再度流行的原因及存在的问题。构成刘畊宏“直播+参与式文化”的四个要素包括对网络直播技术的依赖、“刘畊宏女/男孩”群体间的身份认同、“腰间的肥油咔咔掉,人鱼线马甲线我都要”等话语的积极心理暗示、明星网红及亲朋好友的打卡转发。在超大流量快速涌入的背景下,保持“云健身”送健康的初心,去资本化发展亟须探索出一条有效的路径。

摄影亦是健身道

我退休时身体状况比较差，曾在别人的建议下尝试快走、跑步、打球等健身活动，但都因性格、意志等原因半途而废。两年前购置的一架小小照相机，对我的身体却起到了“无心插柳柳成荫”的功效。自从痴迷于摄影创作后，家人和朋友都说我的气色比以前好多了，我自己也感到每天都有使不完的劲儿，精神头特足。

Effects of Lysine on the Expression of GHR mRNA in Sheep

[Objective] This study was to investgate the effects of lysine on the growth of sheep and its mechanism. [Method] Fifteen sheep about one-year old as experimental material were divided into three groups （group A, group B end group C）, into whose basal feed 0, 4 and 10 g h/sine were respectively added. After 28 d of feeding, the experimental sheep were all slaughtered for sampling; then total RNAs were extrac- ted from the samples and used to clone GHR and GAPDH genes via retrotrenscription for analyzing the expression abundance of GHR mRNA in Iongissimus dorsi muscle from different treatments. [Result] The expression of GHR mRNA in treatment B was significantly higher than that in treatment A（ P 〈0.01 ）, and significantly higher then that in treatment C （ P 〈0.05） ; while that in treatment C and treatment A was insignificantly different（ P 〉 0.05）. [ Conclusion] Addition of lysine into basal feed of sheep could dose-independently improve the expression of GHR gene in Iongissimus dorsi muscle.

Study on the Acute Toxicity and Genetics Toxicity of Bensulfuronk-methyl on Danio rerio

[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of bensulfuron-methyl herbicide on acute toxicity and genetics toxicity of Danio redo. [ Method] Median lethal concentration was calculated by acute toxicity test, and analyzing the herbicide whether existing in potential toxicity to aquatic organisms or not. Based on the study of acute toxicity, genetics toxicity was carried out, by calculating the micronucleus rate to judge bensulfuron-methyl herbicide whether existing in potential toxicity or not. [ Result ] The LD5o （24 h and 48 h） of bensulfuron-methyl herbicide are 0.698 ml/L and 0.637 ml/L respectively, the safe concentration was 0.159 ml/L. The results on the effects of micronucleus （MN） in erythrocytes of Danio redo induced by bensulfuron-methyl at different times and different concentrations showed that the MN rate of control group was 0.010 3%, the highest MN rate of experimental group reached to 0. 372%, it also indicated that bensulfuron-methyl herbicide had genetics toxicity to Danio redo. At the same detection time, there was dose-effect relationship of MN rate in erythrocytes between treatment and control groups with different concentrations. In the same treatment group, the MN rate in erythrocytes reached to peak value at 24 h, and decreased at 48 h and 72 h with the infection time was prolonged. [ Conclusion ] The study provides some basis for scientifically selecting and reasonably using herbicide.

Physical activity and academic achievement in children:A historical perspective

As the focus on academic achievement has increased,physical activity(PA) opportunities in schools have decreased in the United States.In an attempt to discover how the decline in PA may affect academic achievement,researchers have been studying the effects of PA on cognition and academic achievement in children for more than 50 years.This review takes a historical perspective on the science of PA and academic achievement prior to and during the past 5 years.A total of 125 published articles were included and reviewed.Fifty-three of these articles were published in the past 5 years.In recent years,the overall quality of the studies has increased,but the results continue to be inconsistent.Many use cross-sectional designs and the methods vary substantially.The majority of conclusions show a positive effect of PA on constructs related to academic achievement.Future studies should use strong study designs to examine the types and doses of PA needed to produce improvements in academic achievement.

Remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain network design based on genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm

As the huge computation and easily trapped local optimum in remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain network (RCSCN) design considered, a genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm was proposed. The total cost of closed-loop supply chain was selected as fitness function, and a unique and tidy coding mode was adopted in the proposed algorithm. Then, some mutation and crossover operators were introduced to achieve discrete optimization of RCSCN structure. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can gain global optimal solution with good convergent performance and rapidity. The computing speed is only 22.16 s, which is shorter than those of the other optimization algorithms.

Evolutionary Game Dynamics in a Fitness-Dependent Wright-Fisher Process with Noise

Evolutionary game dynamics in finite size populations can be described by a fitness-dependent Wright- Fisher process. We consider symmetric 2×2 games in a well-mixed population. In our model, two parameters to describe the level of player＇s rationality and noise intensity in environment are introduced. In contrast with the fixation probability method that used in a noiseless case, the introducing of the noise intensity parameter makes the process an ergodic Markov process and based on the limit distribution of the process, we can analysis the evolutionary stable strategy （ESS） of the games. We illustrate the effects of the two parameters on the ESS of games using the Prisoner＇s dilemma games （PDG） and the snowdrift games （SG）. We also compare the ESS of our model with that of the replicator dynamics in infinite size populations. The results are determined by simulation experiments.

Physical activity,sedentary behaviors,physical fitness,and their relation to health outcomes in youth with type 1 and type 2 diabetes:A review of the epidemiologic literature

Diabetes is a leading chronic disease of childhood and adolescence. In addition to the well-known auto-immune, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus （type 1 diabetes （T 1D））, the past two decades have witnessed the emergence of type 2 diabetes （T2D） in children and adolescents, which previously was only seen in middle-aged or older adults. One of the key components of diabetes management is physical activity （PA）. The beneficial effects of increased PA and decreased sedentary behavior are extremely important in youth with diabetes because of the markedly increased long-term risk of cardiovascular disease in this population compared to persons without diabetes. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the epidemiologic, observational research published and listed in PubMed between 1970 and 2012 on PA and sedentary behaviors, as well as physical fitness in children and adolescents with T1D and T2D. Additionally, we describe briefly the state of knowledge on perceived barriers of PA in persons with diabetes, with a focus on hypoglycemia. Finally, we provide an overview of the epidemiological literature pertaining to health benefits of increased PA in youth with TID and T2D and briefly discuss the topic of exercise-related hypoglycemia, Copyright ~ 2012, Shanghai University of Sport. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Higher platelet P-selectin in male patients with inflammatory bowel disease compared to healthy males

AIM： To observe if the total amount of platelet P-selectin （tP-selectin） in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） was related to disease entity or activity, 5-aminosalicylic acid （5-ASA） medication or gender. METHODS： tP-selectin was measured by immunoassay in seventeen IBD patients and twelve healthy controls. RESULTS： Compared to controls, there was no difference of tP-selectin in patients related to disease entity or activity and 5-ASA medication. When the groups were split according to gender the male patient group showed higher levels of tP-selectin compared to male controls （153 ng/mL vs 94 ng/mL, P〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Increased tP-selectin levels may alter the inflammatory response and susceptibility to thromboembolic disease. As previously shown with soluble P-selectin, tP-selectin shows gender dependent differences important to consider in future studies.

Health-related quality of life and impact of antiviral treatment in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis C in Taiwan

AIM. To evaluate health-related quality of life （HRQOL） in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis C （CH-C）, and the impact of antiviral treatment. METHODS： Short Form 36 （SF-36） Health-related Quality of Life Questionnaires to interview CH-C patients, and age- and sex-matched control subjects at outpatient clinics of a medical center in Taiwan were used. Data were transformed to scores for comparisons of eight major SF-36 domains. We also enrolled consecutive CH-C patients who completed one course of antiviral treatment （interferon α with ribavirin）, and measured the HRQOL before, at the 12m wk of treatment, at the end of treatment, and at mo 6, after stopping the treatment to evaluate the impact of antiviral treatment. RESULTS： A total of 371 outpatients were enrolled, including 182 with CH-C and 189 age- and sex-matched subjects without CH-C. CH-C subjects had obviously lower educational status （P〈0.01）. Mean scores of domains in general health, physical functioning, role-physical, role-emotional, vitality, and mental health of the SF-36 were significantly lower in subjects with CH-C than those without CH-C （P〈0.05）. In an analysis of 47 CH-C patients who received and completed the whole course of antiviral treatment, mean scores of all domains were significantly lower at wk 12 of treatment compared to baseline. The scores returned to pretreatment values by the end of treatment, but were significantly increased at mo 6 after stopping the treatment. Among the 47 CH-C patients, 21 had sustained responses and 26 had nonsustained responses to antiviral treatment. Compared to pretreatment values, subjects with sustained responses had significantly lower social functioning scores at wk 12 of treatment, and scores for all SF-36 domains returned to pretreatment values, and increased significantly at mo 6 after stopping the treatment. For non-sustained virological responders, scores of all SF-36 domains significantly decreased at wk 12 of treatment, and did not increase significantly by the end of treatment, or at mo 6 after stopping the treatment when compared to the pretreatment values. CONCLUSION： HRQOL in CH-C patients is significantly impaired in most SF-36 domains. Antiviral treatment impaired HRQOL of CH-C subjects during early treatment, mainly in non-sustained virological responders, and improved at mo 6 after stopping the treatment, mainly in sustained virological responders.

Salsa dance and Zumba fitness: Acute responses during community-based classes

Background： Research interest in both partnered Latin dance and non-partnered Latin-themed aerobic dance has increased in recent years, likely a result of the gaining popularity of these types of instructor-led group classes among the mainstream dance and fitness audiences; however, the efficacy of these activities for the purposes of health promotion currently remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to simultaneously assess the physiological responses and psychological experiences during salsa dance and Zumba fitness in a community sample of physically inactive women. Methods： Twenty-four participants, aged 22-56 years, visited the laboratory to perform a graded exercise test for determination of maximal oxygen uptake and maximal heart rate. The participants then attended 2 partnered salsa dance and 2 non-partnered Zumba fitness classes each in a counterbalanced order over a 2-week period. The 1-h classes were taught by certified instructors in established venues in the Royal Borough of Kingston and the surrounding communities of London, UK. Physiological data were collected using a wrist-worn ActiGraph wGT3X＋ acceler- ometer with accompanying heart rate monitor and were processed using previously validated dance-specific techniques. Psychological experiences were measured via the Subjective Exercise Experiences Scale. Results： There was a significantly higher （p 〈 0.001） total time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity （51.2± 3.1 vs. 32.6 ±5.9 min）, total energy expenditure （411±66 vs. 210 ± 46 kcal）, and total step count （6773 ± 556 vs. 4108 ±781 steps） during Zumba fitness when compared to salsa dance. Significant pre- to post-class improvements in positive well-being （p 〈 0.01, partial 7/2 = 0.4l） and psychological distress （p 〈 0.001, partial 02 = 0.72） were simultaneously observed for both salsa dance and Zumba fitness. Conclusion： The acute responses to classes of partnered Latin dance and non-partnered Latin-themed aerobic dance suggest that in physically inactive women participation is indeed efficacious in terms of community-based physical activity and psychosocial health promotion.

Role of Toll-like receptors in health and diseases of gastrointestinal tract

The human gastrointestinal （GI） tract is colonized by non-pathogenic commensal microflora and frequently exposed to many pathogenic organisms. For the maintenance of GI homeostasis, the host must discriminate between pathogenic and non-pathogenic organisms and initiate effective and appropriate immune and inflammatory responses. Mammalian tolllike receptors （TLRs） are members of the patternrecognition receptor （PRR） family that plays a central role in the initiation of innate cellular immune responses and the subsequent adaptive immune responses to microbial pathogens. Recent studies have shown that gastrointestinal epithelial cells express almost all TLR subtypes characterized to date and that the expression and activation of TLRs in the GI tract are tightly and coordinately regulated. This review summarizes the current understanding of the crucial dual roles of TLRs in the development of host innate and adaptive immune responses to GI infections and the maintenance of the immune tolerance to commensal bacteria through downregulation of surface expression of TLRs in intestinal epithelial cells.

Effects of sexual reproduction of the inferior competitor Brachionus calyciflorus on its fitness against Brachionus angularis

Sexual reproduction adversely affects the population growth of cyclic parthenogenetic animals. The density-dependent sexual reproduction of a superior competitor could mediate the coexistence. However, the cost of sex may make the inferior competitor more vulnerable. To investigate the effect of sexual reproduction on the inferior competitor, we experimentally paired the competition of one Brachionus angularis clone against three Brachionus ealyciflorus clones. One of the B. calyciflorus clones showed a low propensity for sexual reproduction, while the other two showed high propensities. The results show that all B. calyciflorus clones were excluded in the competition for resources at low food level. The increased food level promoted the competition persistence, but the clones did not show a clear pattern. Both the cumulative population density and resting egg production increased with the food level. The cumulative population density decreased with the mixis investment, while the resting egg production increased with the mixis investment. A trade-off between the population growth and sexual reproduction was observed in this research. The results indicate that although higher mixis investment resulted in a lower population density, it would not determinately accelerate the exclusion process of the inferior competitor. On the contrary, higher mixis investment promoted resting egg production before being excluded and thus promised a long- term benefit. In conclusion, our results suggest that mixis investment, to some extent, favored the excluded inferior competitor under fierce competition or some other adverse conditions.