The causes of the evolution of human civilization have drawn much attention among social scientists. The new institutional economics （NIE） and its model of property rights explain the rise of the West Europe, but no...The causes of the evolution of human civilization have drawn much attention among social scientists. The new institutional economics （NIE） and its model of property rights explain the rise of the West Europe, but not the Industrial Revolution itself; nor have they addressed the causes for the rise and fall of civilizations in the East. By defining human civilization within the context of the public economic institution, we interpret this change in the public economic institution using swings in the demand structure of public goods. We see these swings as a contributing cause of the evolution of human civilization from traditional to modern. Our conclusions show that the shifts of public economic institutions between the mass democratic one and the elite constitutional one contributes to the current modem economic crisis and the stagnancy of modem civilization.展开更多
Asia has a special significance in China’s neighborhood strategy.Geographically,the Belt and Road Initiative faces the countries of Asia or China’s neighbors in the first place.Asia is clearly marked by an imbalance...Asia has a special significance in China’s neighborhood strategy.Geographically,the Belt and Road Initiative faces the countries of Asia or China’s neighbors in the first place.Asia is clearly marked by an imbalance in and“absence”of regional economic integration.This“absence”is two-fold:it is expressed on the one hand as a lack of unified institutional arrangements for regional economic integration,and on the other as the inability of underdeveloped countries in the region to truly participate in regional economic integration and thereby gain opportunities for development.Compared with the rule-oriented nature of existing regional economic integration mechanisms,the Belt and Road Initiative,as a new type of regional cooperation mechanism,displays an orientation towards development.All existing regional economic integration arrangements,regardless of their form,establish specific rules on access thresholds,the rights and duties of member countries,schedules and roadmaps,dispute resolution mechanisms and so forth.This is not the case for the Belt and Road,which is not predicated on specific rules,but establishes its overall framework by orienting itself towards development.Overall,the development orientation of the Belt and Road is helpful not only in overcoming the inherent defects of Asian regional economic integration,but in responding to the new challenge of anti-globalization.This is an institutional public good that China offers to Asia and to the world.展开更多
The unprecedented speed and magnitude of ageing in China are creating quagmires for its sustainable growth and development. China＇s simultaneous regime transition and socioeconomic transformation amplified the diffic...The unprecedented speed and magnitude of ageing in China are creating quagmires for its sustainable growth and development. China＇s simultaneous regime transition and socioeconomic transformation amplified the difficulty in finding comprehensive solutions to the fast expansion of ageing-induced demands. This paper analyzes the Chinese government＇s action on ageing from pohcy, politics, and management perspectives. While policy progress in pension, medical care, and elderly services is substantive, the capacity gap, regarding criteria like coverage, affordability, sustainability, and quality, remains large. Improved political visibility of elderly issues has enhanced their policy priority, but better channels of pohtical participation of older people are to be created and institutionalized. The ongoing trends in public management, induding intergovernmental networking, collaborative service delivery, and innovations in tools of governmental actions, have to be furthered and consolidated. The systematic challenges of ageing demand serious capacity development, and impose a mandate to modernize China＇s pohtical-administrative system.展开更多
基金the financial support of the MOE Project of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities(14JJD790012)"An Analysis on the Evolution of Yellow River Civilization in Terms of the Public Economy"the Major Projects of National Social Science Fund"On the Keys and Policies of Industries Transferring into Central and Western China"(11&ZD050)
文摘The causes of the evolution of human civilization have drawn much attention among social scientists. The new institutional economics （NIE） and its model of property rights explain the rise of the West Europe, but not the Industrial Revolution itself; nor have they addressed the causes for the rise and fall of civilizations in the East. By defining human civilization within the context of the public economic institution, we interpret this change in the public economic institution using swings in the demand structure of public goods. We see these swings as a contributing cause of the evolution of human civilization from traditional to modern. Our conclusions show that the shifts of public economic institutions between the mass democratic one and the elite constitutional one contributes to the current modem economic crisis and the stagnancy of modem civilization.
文摘Asia has a special significance in China’s neighborhood strategy.Geographically,the Belt and Road Initiative faces the countries of Asia or China’s neighbors in the first place.Asia is clearly marked by an imbalance in and“absence”of regional economic integration.This“absence”is two-fold:it is expressed on the one hand as a lack of unified institutional arrangements for regional economic integration,and on the other as the inability of underdeveloped countries in the region to truly participate in regional economic integration and thereby gain opportunities for development.Compared with the rule-oriented nature of existing regional economic integration mechanisms,the Belt and Road Initiative,as a new type of regional cooperation mechanism,displays an orientation towards development.All existing regional economic integration arrangements,regardless of their form,establish specific rules on access thresholds,the rights and duties of member countries,schedules and roadmaps,dispute resolution mechanisms and so forth.This is not the case for the Belt and Road,which is not predicated on specific rules,but establishes its overall framework by orienting itself towards development.Overall,the development orientation of the Belt and Road is helpful not only in overcoming the inherent defects of Asian regional economic integration,but in responding to the new challenge of anti-globalization.This is an institutional public good that China offers to Asia and to the world.
文摘The unprecedented speed and magnitude of ageing in China are creating quagmires for its sustainable growth and development. China＇s simultaneous regime transition and socioeconomic transformation amplified the difficulty in finding comprehensive solutions to the fast expansion of ageing-induced demands. This paper analyzes the Chinese government＇s action on ageing from pohcy, politics, and management perspectives. While policy progress in pension, medical care, and elderly services is substantive, the capacity gap, regarding criteria like coverage, affordability, sustainability, and quality, remains large. Improved political visibility of elderly issues has enhanced their policy priority, but better channels of pohtical participation of older people are to be created and institutionalized. The ongoing trends in public management, induding intergovernmental networking, collaborative service delivery, and innovations in tools of governmental actions, have to be furthered and consolidated. The systematic challenges of ageing demand serious capacity development, and impose a mandate to modernize China＇s pohtical-administrative system.
