苓术二陈汤联合西药治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病(痰湿内停)随机平行对照研究

[目的]观察苓术二陈汤联合西药治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病(痰湿内停)疗效。[方法]使用随机随机平行对照方法,将80例门诊患者按就诊顺序编号方法简单随机分为两组。对照组40例熊去氧胆酸,8~l0mg/kg·d^(-1),2次/d,进餐时服用;普伐他汀钠,起始剂量:10~20mg/次,1次/d,之后根据根据症状调整剂量,最高≤40mg/d,睡前服用。治疗组40例苓术二陈汤(茯苓、白术各12g,半夏^(法)10g,陈皮、橘红各15g,乌梅、生姜、甘草各6g),水煎400m L,1剂/d,早晚口服;西药治疗同对照组。连续治疗2个月为1疗程。观测临床症状、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、肝脾CT比、不良反应。治疗1疗程(2个月),判定疗效。[结果]治疗组临床痊愈13例,显效9例,有效14例,无效4例,总有效率90.00%;对照组临床痊愈7例,显效10例,有效14例,无效9例,总有效率77.50%;临床疗效两组无显著差异(P>0.05);ALT、AST两组均有降低(P<0.01),治疗组降低多于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01);TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C两组均有改善(P<0.05,P<0.01),治疗组改善优于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01);肝脾CT比值两组均有增加(P<0.05),治疗组增加大于对照组(P<0.01)。[结论]苓术二陈汤联合西药治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病(痰湿内停),疗效满意,无严重不良反应,值得推广。

鼻内镜下微波电凝并湿润烧伤膏外贴治疗鼻出血

鼻出血位于鼻腔前段者止血较易;位于较深且隐蔽的部位要迅速而有效的止血并不容易;尤其是顽固性鼻腔出血,出血量大,部位隐匿,深在,如反复填塞,必将损伤鼻腔黏膜,给患者带来很大痛苦,且疗效不佳,易导致鼻腔感染等并发症。我科于2004年6月～2010年11月采用鼻内镜下寻找出血点微波电凝并湿润烧伤膏外贴治疗鼻出血患者312例,疗效满意报告如下。

Preview of the No.1148 Ramsar Site on the Ordos upland of western Inner Mongolia

The Taolimiao-Alashan Nur (T-A Nur), of about 10 km2 a brackish lake located on the Ordos upland of western Inner Mongolia, northern China, used to

Questionnaire Research on Indoor Environment Quality i n China

With 1 185 pi eces of questionnaire, it is found that in China, people take fresh air, odor, e tc., as well as indoor air temperature, humidity, as the most important indoor a ir parameters. It is also found that there is a significant sensitivity differen ce in indoor environment between southerners and northerners in China. People fr om different regions have different demands for their working and living environ ment. Therefore, as a good design of air conditioning system, it is strongly rec ommended that the different demands of people from different regions should be t aken into consideration.

Subseasonal mode of cold and wet climate in South China during the cold season: a climatological view

The authors investigate the dominant mode of climatological intraseasonal oscillation(CISO) of surface air temperature(SAT) and rainfall in China, and discuss the linkage of cold and wet climate in South China(SC) with the Arctic circulation regime during the cold season(from November to March). Results show that a positive CISO displays a cold-dry climate in North China,whereas a cold-wet pattern prevails in SC with a quasi-30-day oscillation during the peak winter season. In SC, the intraseasonal variability of SAT plays a leading role, altering the cold-wet climate by the southward shift of a cold front. Evidence shows that the circulation regime related to the cold and wet climate in SC is mainly regulated by a pair of propagating ISO modes at the500-hPa geopotential height in the negative phase of Arctic Oscillation. It is demonstrated that the local cyclonic wave activity enhances the southward movement of the Siberian high, favoring an unstable atmosphere and resulting in the cold-wet climate over SC. Therefore, the cold-air activity acts as a precursor for subseasonal rainfall forecasting in SC.

Evaluation of the Madden-Julian oscillation in HiRAM

The aim of this study was to understand the cause of Madden–Julian oscillation(MJO)bias in the High Resolution AtmosphericModel(HiRAM)driven by observed SST through process-oriented diagnosis.Wavenumber-frequency power spectrum and composite analyses indicate that HiRAM underestimates the spectral amplitude over theMJO band and mainly produces non-propagating rather than eastward-propagating intraseasonal rainfall anomalies,as observed.Column-integrated moist static energy(MSE)budget analysis is conducted to understand the MJO propagation bias in the simulation.It is found that the bias is due to the lack of a zonally asymmetric distribution of the MSE tendency anomaly in respect to the MJO convective center,which is mainly attributable to the bias in vertical MSE advection and surface turbulent flux.Further analysis suggests that it is the unrealistic simulation of MJO vertical circulation anomalies in the upper troposphere as well as overestimation of the Rossby wave response that results in the bias.

Extracting Eco-hydrological Information of Inland Wetland from L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar Image in Honghe National Nature Reserve, Northeast China

Taking a typical inland wetland of Honghe National Nature Reserve (HNNR), Northeast China, as the study area, this paper studied the application of L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image in extracting eco-hydrological information of inland wetland. Landsat-5 TM and ALOS PALSAR HH backscatter images were first fused by using the wavelet-IHS method. Based on the fused image data, the classification method of support vector machines was used to map the wetland in the study area. The overall mapping accuracy is 77.5%. Then, the wet and dry aboveground biomass estimation models, including statistical models and a Rice Cloudy model, were established. Optimal parameters for the Rice Cloudy model were calculated in MATLAB by using the least squares method. Based on the validation results, it was found that the Rice Cloudy model produced higher accuracy for both wet and dry aboveground biomass estimation compared to the statistical models. Finally, subcanopy water boundary information was extracted from the HH backscatter image by threshold method. Compared to the actual water borderline result, the extracted result from L-band SAR image is reliable. In this paper, the HH-HV phase difference was proved to be valueless for extracting subcanopy water boundary information.

Performance of Inner-core Supersonic Gas Separation Device with Droplet Enlargement Method

To improve the separation performance of a supersonic gas separation device for the treatment of gas mixture with a single heavy component, a novel structure with shorter settlement distance was constructed and a method of droplet enlargement was applied. A series of experiments were carried out in the improved separation device under various conditions, using air-ethanol vapor as the medium and micro water droplets as nucleation cen- ters. The effects of the inlet pressure, temperature and relative humidity, the swirling intensity, and mass flow rate of water on the separation performance were investigated. The separation was improved by increasing the inlet pressure and relative humidity. With the decrease of swirling intensity and mass flow rate of water, the separation efficiency increased first and then decreased. The inlet temperature had a slight effect on the separation. The results showed that the separation performance was effectively improved using the proposed structure and method, and the best separation in this study was obtained with the ethanol removal rate about 55% and dew point depression 27 K. The addition of water had little pollution to the air-ethanol vapor system since the water carry-over rate was within the range of -2 %-0 in most cases.

Intra-set correlation analysis of medical records of thyroid cancer treated by traditional Chinese medicine Master ZHOU Zhongying

Objective Based on intra-set correlation analysis, this paper deconstructs the clinical medical records of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) Master ZHOU Zhongying in treating thyroid cancer, and analyzes the experience in “mechanism-syndrome-medicine-prescription” for thyroid cancer.Methods Through Medcase data processing platform, based on Frequent Pattern(FP)-Growth enhanced correlation analysis algorithm, the medical records of Professor ZHOU Zhongying for the treatment of thyroid cancer from June 1, 2001 to February 28, 2015 were analyzed within the set.Results This study involved 43 medical records, 43 patients, and 167 visits. After processing intra-set correlations, 28 groups of highly correlated symptoms, 21 groups of highly correlated tongue images, 10 groups of highly correlated pulse conditions, 28 groups of highly correlated pathogenesis, 34 groups of highly correlated herbs, and 26 groups of highly correlated western medicine diagnosis were selected. Professor ZHOU Zhongying treats thyroid cancer according to syndrome differentiation. Symptoms with more association rules included neck swelling, neck pain, cough, and dry mouth;tongue images with more association rules included dark purple tongue, dark red tongue, and fissured tongue;pulse conditions with more association rules were wiry pulse, thready pulse, small pulse, and slippery pulse;the pathogenesis with more association rules was phlegm and blood stasis, damp-heat accumulation,and impairment of both Qi and Yin;herbs with more association rules were Chaihu(Bupleuri Radix), Zeqi(Sun Euphoribiae Herb), and Tiandong(Asparagi Radix);western medicine diagnosis with more association rules included thyroid cancer, insomnia, and chronic gastritis.Conclusion Thyroid cancer mostly presents as deficiency in origin and excess in manifestations. The basic pathogenesis is phlegm and blood stasis, damp-heat accumulation, and impairment of both Qi and Yin, which are closely related to liver, kidney, and spleen. Professor ZHOU Zhongying adopts both attack and supplement approaches as the general treatment principle, with a strong emphasis on regulating Qi and relieving depression, eliminating phlegm and resolving stagnation, eliminating dampness and turbidity, clearing fire and destroying poison, moistening dryness and softening hard mass, invigorating Qi and nourishing Yin, and paying attention to nourishing liver and kidney, invigorating spleen and stomach,while protecting the heart and lungs.

Modeling the pressure drop of wet gas in horizontal pipe

A model for gas–liquid annular and stratified flow through a horizontal pipe is investigated, using the two-phase hydrokinetics theory. Taking into consideration the flow factors including the void fraction, the friction between the two phases and the entrainment in the gas core, the one-dimensional momentum equation for gas has been solved. The differential pressure of the wet gas between the two tapings in the straight pipe has been modeled in the pressure range of 0.1–0.8 MPa. In addition a more objective iteration approach to determine the local void fraction is proposed. Compared with the experimental data, more than 83% deviation of the test data distributed evenly within the band of ± 10%. Since the model is less dependent on the specific empirical apparatus and data,it forms the foundation for further establishing a flow measurement model of wet gas which will produce fewer biases in results when it is extrapolated.

EVAPOTRANSPIRATION OF LOW-LYING PRAIRIE WETLAND IN MIDDLE REACHES OF HEIHE RIVER IN NORTHWEST CHINA

Low-lying prairie wetland, which has characteristics of both grassland and wetland, has irreplaceable ecological functions in inland river basins of Northwest China. Owing to its small-scale distribution, so far, the observation and research on it are rare. The estimation of evapotranspiration is significant to ecological and environmental construction, scientific management of pasture and protection of wetland. For studying the evapotranspiration （ET） of low-lying prairie wetland in the middle reaches of the Heihe River, an inland river, in Northwest China, the automatic weather station in Linze Ecological Experimental Station of Lanzhou University （39°15′ 3″N, 100°03′ 52″ E）, Linze, Gansu Province, was selected as a case study. Based on meteorological data collected, Bowen-Ratio Energy Balance （BREB） method was used to calculate the evapotranspiration （ET） of low-lying prairie wetland. The analysis results showed that in a whole year （September 2003 -August 2004）, the total ET was 611.5mm and mean daily 1.67mm/d. The ET varied with different growing stages. In non-growing stage （NGS）, initial growing stage （IGS）, middle growing stage （MGS） and end growing stage （EGS）, the ET was 0.57, 2.01, 3.82 and 1.49mrrdd, with a percentage of total ET of 18.26%, 9.20%, 61.83% and 10.71% respectively. In March, ET began to increase. But in April, the ET increased most. After that, it increased gradually and got the maximal value in July. From then on, the ET decreased gradually. In September, the ET decreased rapidly. With the ending of growing and the freezing of soil, the ET stopped from the middle of November to February in next year. Hourly ET analysis showed that at 8：00 a.m. （during MGS at 7：00 a.m.）, the evapotranspiration began, at 13：00 p.m. got its maximal value and at 19：00 p.m. （during MGS at 20：00 p.m.）, the evapotranspiration stopped. The intensity of ET in sunny day was much larger than that in cloudy day in the same growing stage.

新型冠状病毒肺炎的中医认识及治疗现状

从临床一派湿邪表现,考虑"内湿"是新型冠状病毒肺炎(corona virus disease2019,COVID-19)主要病因,结合武汉地理位置,气候阴雨湿气重考虑"外湿"病因所在,内外湿邪相合而发病。"湿浊疠气"导致的壅滞闭塞是COVID-19主要的病理机制。治疗以"解毒祛邪"为主,总的治疗原则是"疏表透邪,宣肺肃降,升清降逆,通腑泻浊,理气活血"之"通"法。在COVID-19的不同阶段、不同病证,选择不同治疗法则和方药,"扶正祛邪"应贯穿始终。"扶正"以提高机体抵抗力,人参、党参、黄芪等剂量宜大;"祛邪"降低疫疠之气的损害,使之逐出、透出体外,有益于机体正气的恢复,麻黄、大黄、半夏等方中常用。

Efficiency comparison and performance analysis of internally-cooled liquid desiccant dehumidifiers using LiCl and CaCl2 aqueous solutions

Internally-cooled dehumidifiers are efficient liquid desiccant dehumidifiers, whose performance is mainly determined by the device structure and operating conditions. Based on energy and mass conservation in the air, solution, and cooling water in the device, mathematical models are built and their theoretical performance is simulated and analyzed in this paper. A novel measure of dehumidification efficiency is introduced to evaluate the performance of internally-cooled dehumidifiers, in which the equilibrium humidity ratio of the inlet solution is calculated according to the minimum temperature in the inlet solution and the cooling water. Numerical simulations show that a counter flow between air and solution is always the most efficient, followed by cross flow, and parallel flow is the least efficient. Cooling water with the same flow direction as the solution performs better than that with a counter flow, with approximately a 5% improvement in efficiency. Compared with Ca Cl2, the dehumidification efficiency of a Li Cl solution is greater by 60%, while its exergy efficiency is less by 16%. Dehumidification efficiency can be improved with the number of air-solution heat transfer units(NTUa-s) increasing, and reduced with the air mass flow rate raised. With NTUa-s increasing, exergy efficiency can be improved, and an increase in mass flow rate of cooling water results in a decrease of efficiency. Higher solution concentration and lower inlet temperature of solution and air can achieve both higher dehumidification efficiency and exergy efficiency.

Chloride ion ingress distribution within an alternate wetting-drying marine environment area

Concrete structures in an alternate wetting-drying area often suffer from severe chloride ion ingress more than those in other areas. Field tests of marine structures were conducted, and chloride concentration is found to reach a maximum value at a certain elevation. The surface concentration and diffusion coefficient of chloride ions at different elevations exhibit Gaussian unimodal curve distributions. Using the chloride ion unsaturated permeability model, the distribution regularity mechanism is analyzed. Finally, an improved indoor accelerated simulation experiment is proposed to simulate the rules governing chloride ion ingress into concrete structures in an alternate wetting-drying area.

Mild moxibustion at different intervention times on the levels of ET-1 and NO in the uterine tissues of rats with cold-damp coagulation and stagnation type dysmenorrhea

Objective： To observe the differences in analgesic effect of moxibustion at different intervention times on dysmenorrhea rats and explore its effect mechanism.Methods： Forty-five female Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank control group（group A）, model group（group B）, pre-moxibustion group（group C）, instant moxibustion group（group D） and pre-instant moxibustion group（group E）,with 9 rats in each group. Cold-damp coagulation and stagnation type dysmenorrhea models were established. In group C,mild moxibustion on ＂Shenque（神阙 CV 8） ＂ and＂Guanyuan（关元 CV 4）＂ was carried out from the time after modeling on the 8 th day for 3 consecutive days. In group D, mild moxibustion was given as the same methods with group C after injection with oxytocin on the 11 th day. In group E, mild moxibustion was given as the same methods from the time after modeling on the 8 th day to that after injection with oxytocin on the 11 th day for 4 consecutive days. The writhing behavior and the changes in levels of ET-1 and NO in uterine tissues of rats with dysmenorrhea in each group were observed.Results： Comparison of the latent period： compared with（4.38 ± 1.06） min in group B,the latent period of rats in group C（9.67 ± 1.32） min,group D（11.78 ± 1.30） min and group E（15.00 ± 1.22） min obviously prolonged（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C, the latent period of group E obviously prolonged（p 0.01）. Compared with group D, the latent period of group E obviously prolonged（p 0.01）.Comparison of the writhing times： compared with（4.38 ± 1.06） in group B,the writhing times of rats in group C（9.67 ± 1.32）,group D（11.78 ± 1.30） and group E（15.00 ± 1.22） reduced（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C,the writhing times of rats in group D and group E reduced（both p 0.01）. Compared with group D, the writhing times in group E reduced（p 0.05）. Comparison of the total writhing score：compared with（4.38 ± 1.06） in group B,the total writhing score of rats in group C（9.67±1.32）,group D（11.78 ± 1.30） and group E（15.00 ± 1.22） decreased（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C,the total writhing score of rats in group D and group E decreased（both p 0.01）. Compared with group D,the total writhing score of rats in group E decreased（p 0.05）. Comparison of ET-1 level： compared with（4.80 ± 0.47） in group A,the ET-1 level in uterine tissues of rats in group B（7.57±0.69） significantly increased（P 0.01）. Compared with group B, the ET-1 level in uterine tissues of rats in group C（6.20 ±0.50）,group D（5.67 ±0.29） and group E（5.16±0.33） obviously decreased（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C, the ET-1 level in uterine tissues of rats in group D and group E obviously decreased（p 0.05, p 0.01）. Compared with group D, the ET-1 level in uterine tissues of rats in group Eobviously decreased（p 0.05）. Comparison of NO level： compared with（6.63±1.83） in group A, the NO level in uterine tissues of rats in group B（1.62 ±0.58） significantly decreased（p 0.01）. Compared with group B, the NO level in uterine tissues of rats in group C（3.60±0.59）,group D（4.77 ±0.67） and group E（5.99±0.63） obviously increased（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C,the NO level in uterine tissues of rats in group Dand group E obviously increased（p 0.05, p 0.01）. Compared with group D, the NO level in uterine tissues of rats in group E obviously increased（p 0.01）.Conclusion： The analgesic effect of mild moxibustion at different intervention times on cold-damp coagulation and stagnation type dysmenorrhea rats was different, which was the most significant in pre-instant moxibustion group. One of the mechanisms of action may be related with the adjustment of abnormal levels of ET-1 and NO.