期刊文献+
共找到69篇文章
< 1 2 4 >
每页显示 20 50 100
从“农政”到“农学”——以晚清“经世文编”为中心的历史考察 被引量:2
1
作者 王先明 李尹蒂 《福建论坛(人文社会科学版)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2012年第6期60-66,共7页
中国以农立国,农政向为国家政要之一。甲午战后,西方的"农学"知识大规模传入,"农学"一词成为19世纪末开始流行、20世纪初风行的一个概念。从《皇朝经世文编》到《皇朝经世文续编》再到《皇朝经世文三编》,鲜明地昭... 中国以农立国,农政向为国家政要之一。甲午战后,西方的"农学"知识大规模传入,"农学"一词成为19世纪末开始流行、20世纪初风行的一个概念。从《皇朝经世文编》到《皇朝经世文续编》再到《皇朝经世文三编》,鲜明地昭示了农事内容由"传统农政"到"近代农学"的变化。从"农政"走向"农学"的时代意义,彰显两千年来传统的"经史子集"四部之学的架构已到了最后的自立阶段,至19世纪中叶起向"经世之学"转变,至19世纪末20世纪初开始了"分科之学"的知识建构。 展开更多
关键词 《皇朝经世文编》 “农政” “农学”
原文传递
包世臣笔下的林业技术与社会文化 被引量:1
2
作者 周邦君 《北京林业大学学报(社会科学版)》 CSSCI 2010年第2期31-36,共6页
鸦片战争前后包世臣所著的优秀农学作品——《郡县农政》,能够具体反映出当时林业技术与社会文化的历史图像。江淮等地一些农民认识天时变动规律,利用山区和城镇荒地植树,使林业与水利相联系、与畜牧业相结合。农民根据劳动对象的生物习... 鸦片战争前后包世臣所著的优秀农学作品——《郡县农政》,能够具体反映出当时林业技术与社会文化的历史图像。江淮等地一些农民认识天时变动规律,利用山区和城镇荒地植树,使林业与水利相联系、与畜牧业相结合。农民根据劳动对象的生物习性,采取一系列切实的技术措施和相应的管理方法,栽培利用竹子、桐树、杉树、乌桕、茶树、梨树等多种林木。在此艰苦的生产实践中,他们创造出一定的林业文化。虽然其中带有若干神秘的文化色彩,但更重要的是,这些林业技术成就及其科学思想比较突出地表现了当时江淮等地农民的乡土智慧,而且有助于启迪中国人民更好地走文明发展之路。 展开更多
关键词 包世臣 林业技术 社会文化 《郡县农政
下载PDF
Obstacles and Countermeasures for Policyoriented Agricultural Insurance Development in the Context of Agricultural Modernization 被引量:2
3
作者 黄颖 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2014年第12期2274-2277,共4页
Agricultural insurance is a key impetus for agricultural modernization. How- ever, there are some problems on the aspect, including deficiency of law supports and top system design, less recognition on insurance of fa... Agricultural insurance is a key impetus for agricultural modernization. How- ever, there are some problems on the aspect, including deficiency of law supports and top system design, less recognition on insurance of farmers and low effective demands of agricultural insurance market, huge agricultural risks and insufficient supply from agricultural insurance market, and shortage of reinsurance support and disaster risk desertification, hardly to deal with heavy disasters. Therefore, some countermeasures were proposed, including to formulate agricultural insurance laws and establish specific agricultural insurance management institutions, to reinforce promotion and improve premium subsidy system in order to increase market de- mands, to increase tax preference and operating costs, improve insurance services and enhance effective supply in market and to construct a risk diversification system of agricultural heavy disaster. 展开更多
关键词 Policy-oriented agricultural insurance PROBLEM COUNTERMEASURES
下载PDF
Comparative Analysis of Agricultural Budget in the European Union and China
4
作者 傅钰 李广 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2017年第3期553-555,564,共4页
With rapid development, the agriculture in the European Union (EU) is al- ways in the wodd's leading ranks, and with relatively complete systems, the devel- opment of agricultural budget in EU also has achieved a l... With rapid development, the agriculture in the European Union (EU) is al- ways in the wodd's leading ranks, and with relatively complete systems, the devel- opment of agricultural budget in EU also has achieved a lot. China's agricultural budget has been improved gradually with the rapid economic development, but also has exposed a series of problems. Therefore, countermeasures and suggestions are proposed through the comparative analysis on the agriculture budgeting, budget en- forcement, budget supervision between Europe and China. 展开更多
关键词 Agricultural budget expenditure Common agricultural policy Budgetmanagement
下载PDF
Positioning of Developing Low-carbon Agriculture in Local Governments
5
作者 万玉山 李娜 +2 位作者 张平 李定龙 王明新 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第2期468-472,共5页
[Objective] To analyze the positioning of low-carbon agriculture development in local governments of China. [Method] The emissions of green-house gas, the connotation and characteristics of low-carbon agriculture, and... [Objective] To analyze the positioning of low-carbon agriculture development in local governments of China. [Method] The emissions of green-house gas, the connotation and characteristics of low-carbon agriculture, and the necessity of developing low-carbon agriculture were analyzed, obtaining the positioning and measures for the development of low-carbon agriculture in local government. [Result] Government plays a leading role in the development of low-carbon agriculture. The development of low-carbon agriculture can be promoted through the formulation of scientific low-carbon agricultural development plan, culturing new talents on low-carbon agriculture, promoting low-carbon agricultural technology, establishing low-carbon agricultural risk prevention mechanisms. [Conclusion] Making economy, environment and resources coordinated with each other, leading by the concept of scientific development with the concept of sustainable development, is where the future of agricultural development in China lies. 展开更多
关键词 GOVERNMENT Low-carbon agriculture Low-carbon technology Greenhouse gas
下载PDF
Agricultural Policy Simulation Based on Computable General Equilibrium Model
6
作者 李志刚 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第5期1119-1122,共4页
[Objective] This study aimed to examine the simulated effect of Computable General Equilibrium (CGE)-based agricultural policy simulation system. [Method] The policy simulation platform based on CGE model was constr... [Objective] This study aimed to examine the simulated effect of Computable General Equilibrium (CGE)-based agricultural policy simulation system. [Method] The policy simulation platform based on CGE model was constructed by integrating policy simulation, CGE model and Decision Supporting System (DSS). The scenario analysis method was used to analyze the agricultural subsides policy simulation through empirical analysis. [Result] Farmers were the main beneficiaries of increasing agricultural production subsidies, which increased farmers' income and improved the export of agriculture products. The prototype system could solve the problems in actual policy simulation. [Conclusion] The results lay the foundation for the quantitative study on agricultural subsidy policy in China. 展开更多
关键词 Policy simulation Computable General Equilibrium Model Agricultural subsidizes policy
下载PDF
A Discussion on Models of Co-action and Innovation of Government and Enterprises in Agricultural Industrialization——Taking Shandong Fengyu Edible Fungus Co.,Ltd as an Example
7
作者 丁强 吕蔚 +2 位作者 钟楠 邹积华 徐绍荣 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2016年第8期1974-1977,共4页
The development of agricultural industrialization is an effective way of optimizing rural industrial structure and increasing peasants' income. Taking Shandong Fengyu Edible Fungus Co.,Ltd as an example, the paper di... The development of agricultural industrialization is an effective way of optimizing rural industrial structure and increasing peasants' income. Taking Shandong Fengyu Edible Fungus Co.,Ltd as an example, the paper discusses the development and innovation of edible fungus industry in production models, management system and operational mechanism in Wucheng City. It is expected to be helpful for innovating the development of agricultural industrialization in China. 展开更多
关键词 Co-action of government and enterprises INNOVATE Agricultural industrialization
下载PDF
Analysis of Factors of Production for Rice Farmers and Research of Development Countermeasures——A Survey of 565 Farm Households in Hunan Province and Zhejiang Province
8
作者 陈庆根 王磊 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2013年第1期180-185,共6页
[Objective] The aim was to analyze economic benefits of rice farmers and influential factors in China. [Method] Based on data of rice production in 565 farm households in 2009, correlation analysis was conducted on ch... [Objective] The aim was to analyze economic benefits of rice farmers and influential factors in China. [Method] Based on data of rice production in 565 farm households in 2009, correlation analysis was conducted on characters of households, input/output of rice production, condition and environment of rice production, related policies and activities with SPSS. [Result] Yield per mu, production cost, and rice price were dominant factors influencing economic benefits of rice farmers; labor force in a household, training of rice cultivation, machine rice production and rice cropping had significant effects on benefits from rice production; area of rice, family educa- tion, on-time field management, site instruction, and demonstration fields all had in- significant effects on economic benefits of rice. In addition, suggestions were pro- posed about choice of production scale, implementation of rice policies, measures of subsidy, and purchase price of rice. [Conclusion] The research provides references for rice production and improvement of economic benefits of rice farmers. 展开更多
关键词 Rice farmer Production benefits Correlation analysis Policy and sug- gestion
下载PDF
Establishment of the Agricultural Knowledge Management System in the Knowledge-oriented Government
9
作者 明辉 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第2期477-480,共4页
In order to optimizing the process of the government agricultural decision-making, based on the theories and technologies of the knowledge management, the meaning of the knowledge-based government is firstly analyzed.... In order to optimizing the process of the government agricultural decision-making, based on the theories and technologies of the knowledge management, the meaning of the knowledge-based government is firstly analyzed. Combining with the detailed requirements of government for agricultural knowledge management, an agricultural knowledge management system including the agricultural knowledge sharing system, the agricultural Web data-mining system and the agricultural expert decision system is established in the paper. 展开更多
关键词 Knowledge-oriented government Agricultural knowledge management system Agricultural knowledge sharing system Agricultural Web data-mining system Agricultural expert decision system
下载PDF
Factors affecting technical efficiency of small-scale apple farms in Balochistan Plateau, Pakistan 被引量:2
10
作者 Ghulam MURTAZA Gopal Bahadur THAPA 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2017年第4期782-794,共13页
In Balochistan, Agriculture is dominated by small-scale farmers and the apple production sector is confronted with the chronic constraint of low output per unit of input. Although some agricultural policies have been ... In Balochistan, Agriculture is dominated by small-scale farmers and the apple production sector is confronted with the chronic constraint of low output per unit of input. Although some agricultural policies have been implemented in this province, studies on effectiveness and impacts of such policies over apple production and farmers' performance are still limited. This study is an effort to bridge the research gap on this potential crop in the plateau by investigating technical and scale efficiency of 181 officially designated small-scale apple farmers in mountainous district Mastung in Balochistan; then explored factors that underlie differences in production inefficiency. A two-stage input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) methodology was employed to evaluate technical and scale efficiency followed by truncated bootstrapped regression framework to analyze the correlative determinants to efficiency. Average technical and scale efficiencies of larger landholders were higher than medium and small landholders. Analysis indicated that there is still ample scope for inefficient sample farmers to reduce the input use by 33% without compromising the given yield level. Maximum contributions to the total input savings were from the use of urea, farm yard manure(FYM) and labor-use. Farmer's experience, farm ownership, irrigation constraints, and farmer's access to trainings, credit and extension services significantly affected apple farmers' technical efficiency. Based on the findings of this study, strategies are suggested to enhancing efficiencies by farmers' capacity development through effective extension services and trainings and provision of adequate credit. 展开更多
关键词 Small-scale apple farmers Technical efficiency Data envelopment analysis (DEA) BOOTSTRAP Efficiency-improving resources Balochistan Plateau
下载PDF
Comparative Study on Changes of Croplands Between North Korea and South Korea During 1990–2015 被引量:1
11
作者 YU Hao ZHANG Bai WANG Zongming 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2018年第6期920-934,共15页
Studies on long-term change of cropland is of great significance to the utilization of land resources and the implementation of scientific agricultural policies. The Korean Peninsula, adjacent to China, plays an impor... Studies on long-term change of cropland is of great significance to the utilization of land resources and the implementation of scientific agricultural policies. The Korean Peninsula, adjacent to China, plays an important role in the international environment of Northeast Asia. The Korean Peninsula includes South Korea and North Korea—two countries that have a great difference in their institutions and economic developments. Therefore, we aim to quantify the spatiotemporal changes of croplands in these two countries using Landsat Thematic Imager(TM) and Operational Land Imager(OLI) imagery, and to compare the differences of cropland changes between the two countries. This paper take full advantage of ODM approach(object-oriented segmentation and decision-tree classification based on multi-season imageries) to obtain the distribution of croplands in 1990 and 2015. Results showed that the overall classification accuracy of cropland data is 91.10% in 1990 and 92.52% in 2015. The croplands were mainly distributed in areas with slopes that were less than 8° and with elevations that were less than 300 m in the Korean Peninsula. However, in other region(slope > 8° or elevation > 300 m), the area and proportion of North Korea's croplands were significantly higher than that of South Korea. Croplands significantly increased by 15.02% in North Korea from 1990 to 2015. In contrast, croplands in South Korea slightly decreased by 1.32%. During the 25 years, policy shift, economic development, population growth, and urban sprawl played primary roles for cropland changes. Additionally, the regional differences of cropland changes were mainly due to different agriculture policies implemented by different countries. The achievements of this study can provide scientific guidance for the protection and sustainability of land resources. 展开更多
关键词 LANDSAT object-oriented segmentation decision tree CROPLAND North Korea South Korea
下载PDF
Problems of Rural Migrant Workers and Policies in the New Period of Urbanization 被引量:2
12
作者 Gu Shengzu Zheng Lingyun Yi Shance 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 北大核心 2008年第3期14-20,共7页
The huge migration of rural workers has new characteristics such as the bad order, high degree of concentration, low level of collective action, marginality in social status, unfair treatment, difficult integration of... The huge migration of rural workers has new characteristics such as the bad order, high degree of concentration, low level of collective action, marginality in social status, unfair treatment, difficult integration of the new generation, and the new return trend of rural migrants, which causes ‘urban diseases’ in China. Countermeasures should be taken to develop medium-sized and small cities, integrate the labor market of the city and countryside, provide necessary public services, social security and vocational training, guide the rural migrant workers to return rationally, and help the new generation live in harmony with urban residents. 展开更多
关键词 URBANIZATION rural migrant workers strategy countermeasures
下载PDF
Local Responses to Macro Development Policies and Their Effects on Rural System in China's Mountainous Regions:The Case of Shuanghe Village in Sichuan Province 被引量:7
13
作者 LI Yu-rui LIU Yan-sui +1 位作者 LONG Hua-lou WANG Jie-yong 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2013年第4期588-608,共21页
China has promulgated a series of policies including the Western Development Program, the Grain for Green Project, agricultural support policies and building a new countryside strategy to eliminate east-west differenc... China has promulgated a series of policies including the Western Development Program, the Grain for Green Project, agricultural support policies and building a new countryside strategy to eliminate east-west differences and urban-rural disparities since the late 1990s. This paper gives a holistic examination on local responses to the four typical macro socio-economic development policies and their effects on rural system based on a case study of a mountainous village in southern Sichuan Province. The results showed that the policies have not moved the case study village from its historically marginal status. To some extent, its socio-economic situation might have been worsened by accelerated out- migration of the youth, loss of agricultural land due to afforestation and industrial plants, increased fire hazard due to afforestation and reforestation, increased environmental pollution due to industrial enterprises attracted to the village and a steep decline in agricultural production due to loss of and inefficient use of cultivated land. Factors causing local villages' dilemmas include the nonuniformity of actors' objectives, finiteness of villagers' abilities, and the imperfect incentive and restraint mechanism for local government's activities under existing policy framework composed of uncoordinated one-size-fits- all policies. We suggest that China's rural policy in the new period should gradually shift from a sectoral to a place-based one, from top-down incentives to the development of bottom-up projects, and fully recognize the diversity of rural space, so as to lift localcapacities and make good use of the knowledge shared by different actors. Moreover, it is also necessary to integrate the various sectoral policies, and improve the interministerial and interdepartmental coordination of rural policies at regional and local levels. 展开更多
关键词 Local responses Western DevelopmentProgram Grain for Green Project Agriculturalsupport policies Building new countryside Ruralpolicy evaluation
下载PDF
Pesticide Residues and Government Regulation in China─Evidence from Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables 被引量:5
14
作者 SHAO Yi-tian WANG Yi-ping 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2021年第1期42-49,共8页
China is a big producer and exporter of fruits and vegetables,and pesticide residues are an important factor affecting the quality and safety of fruits and vegetables and their export trade.In this paper,we analyzed t... China is a big producer and exporter of fruits and vegetables,and pesticide residues are an important factor affecting the quality and safety of fruits and vegetables and their export trade.In this paper,we analyzed the pesticide residue data on fruits and vegetables in 32 major Chinese cities between 2012—2019,the export data of Chinese fruits and vegetables and the role of pesticides in foodborne diseases.The results showed that pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables(PRFV)partial excess of maximum residue standard(MRL)and residues of banned pesticide were still widespread in China.By comparing the standards of pesticide residues in the European Union and China and addressing the agricultural situation in China,this paper analyzed the main causes of PRFV in China and put forward some policy suggestions for strengthening government regulation of pesticide application in agricultural products. 展开更多
关键词 Fruits and vegetables Pesticide residues Government regulation Policy recommendations
下载PDF
The impacts of agricultural and rural economic policy system on agricultural non-point source pollution in China 被引量:2
15
作者 LIU Fang SHEN Zhen-yao GONG Yong-wei 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering》 2008年第5期59-63,共5页
Agricultural and rural economic policy system is one main driving force for the evolvement of agricultural Non-Point Source (NPS) pollution. In this paper, the main policies that influence agricultural NPS pollution... Agricultural and rural economic policy system is one main driving force for the evolvement of agricultural Non-Point Source (NPS) pollution. In this paper, the main policies that influence agricultural NPS pollution are chosen, and a method to evaluate the impacts of agricultural and rural economic policy system on agricultural NPS pollution is brought forward. According to this, the questions about how and to what degree the policy system influence on agricultural NPS pollution are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 agricultural and rural economic policy system agricultural non-point source pollution impact analysis
下载PDF
STRATEGY OF MAIZE′S CONCENTRATING TO ADVANTAGE AREAS IN JILIN PROVINCE 被引量:2
16
作者 JIANG Hui-ming,GU Li-li(Managerial College,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,P. R. China) 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2003年第4期378-382,共5页
Jilin Province is one of the main grain-producing provinces of China,which has dominant position in maize production,by the view of its advantages in policy,location,breed and market. And after entering WTO,some measu... Jilin Province is one of the main grain-producing provinces of China,which has dominant position in maize production,by the view of its advantages in policy,location,breed and market. And after entering WTO,some measures have been taken to enhance maize competitive ability. But there are some difficulties in concentrating production to maize advantaged areas. This paper expounds the basis that Jilin Province becomes the advantage area of maize,analyzes the problems and puts forward the supporting policy. Some strategic measures are proposed,as developing comparable advantages,carrying out the strategy of un-equilibrium development and cultivating advantaged product areas of maize to rapidly improve the international competitive ability and productivity of maize in Jilin Province,cast the agricultural predicament off and promote the agricultural development into a new stage. 展开更多
关键词 MAIZE advantage area CONCENTRATION Jilin province
下载PDF
The Analysis of the Agriculture Input and Output Efficiency Based on DEA Model
17
作者 张文 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第2期414-416,共3页
Fiscal agricultural expenditure has been increased rapidly for a long time,but "Agriculture,Countryside and Farmer" issues have not yet been resolved fundamentally,which illustrates that the main direction of fiscal... Fiscal agricultural expenditure has been increased rapidly for a long time,but "Agriculture,Countryside and Farmer" issues have not yet been resolved fundamentally,which illustrates that the main direction of fiscal agricultural expenditure and the appropriate intensity of input have not been discovered exactly before implementing the policy.This thesis analyzed the agriculture input and output efficiency by input-DEA model,and then summarizes bygone problem about fiscal agricultural expenditure.At last,some effective suggestions were proposed about optimizing the agriculture input and output efficiency. 展开更多
关键词 AGRICULTURE Fiscal agricultural expenditure Analysis of DEA model
下载PDF
Research on financial support in new rural reconstruction
18
作者 ZONG Yi-xiang 《Chinese Business Review》 2007年第6期59-62,共4页
The new rural reconstruction in China cannot develop without financial support. At present, the limitations on rural finance supply constitute one of the bottlenecks in the "Three Nongs" (agriculture, countryside a... The new rural reconstruction in China cannot develop without financial support. At present, the limitations on rural finance supply constitute one of the bottlenecks in the "Three Nongs" (agriculture, countryside and farmers) problems. The paper starts from the present situation, analyses the reasons why rural finance has current difficulties and puts forward proposals for policy reform. 展开更多
关键词 rural finance financial support the new rural reconstruction in China
下载PDF
Agricultural policy reforms and WTO commitments on domestic support in Japan
19
作者 Yoshihisa Godo Daisuke Takahashi 《Chinese Business Review》 2009年第8期1-16,65,共17页
The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of Japan's agricultural domestic policy since 1995 in the context of the current international negotiations in the WTO Doha Round, which has as one aim f... The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of Japan's agricultural domestic policy since 1995 in the context of the current international negotiations in the WTO Doha Round, which has as one aim further reductions of trade-distorting support among member countries. Apparently, Japan's attitude towards agricultural domestic policy reform is one of compliance with the WTO, which requests member countries to reduce their Aggregate Measure of Support (AMS) through trimming trade-distorting (amber box) support and/or transforming traditional-type agricultural subsidies to decoupled-type ones. Japan reduced its amber box support by nearly 80 percent between 1995 and 2000. This drastic reduction is mainly attributable to Japan's removal of rice from the amber box in 1998. In addition, following the WTO's principle of decoupling, Japan launched an extensive agricultural subsidy reform in 2007. This paper, however, shows the ironical realities of Japanese agricultural policy. Neither a sharp reduction of amber box support nor Japan's 2007 reform necessarily means there will be a reduction of trade-distorting effects. On the contrary, the 2007 reform may in fact stimulate domestic rice production. 展开更多
关键词 Japan's agricultural support WTO Doha Round notification of domestic support WTO compliance
下载PDF
The Influence of the Gentry on Rural Political Construction
20
《Journal of Literature and Art Studies》 2013年第9期589-600,共12页
Based on some former studies of Chinese rural society, this paper summerizes the achievements and limitations of general Chinese rural studies and then proposes a social operation model in rural areas which is dominat... Based on some former studies of Chinese rural society, this paper summerizes the achievements and limitations of general Chinese rural studies and then proposes a social operation model in rural areas which is dominated by the squires. It uses some specific historical data and discoveries of feild sduty to further examine the profound influence of the squires on rural politcal construction in three different aspects: the model of clan and religion, the role as inter-mediator and the growth of basic armed forces. The study found that this special social group played a center role in Chinese rural political system from ancient to modem times, particularly, the research considers the decline of the squire society since the establishment of the new government in 1949. In the end, this paper points out the cultural guiding significance of this social model in the study to the rural construction in contemporay China by predicting the possiblity of renaissance 展开更多
关键词 squire society rural political construction CLAN RELIGION MEDIATOR basic armed forces cultural survival
下载PDF
上一页 1 2 4 下一页 到第
使用帮助 返回顶部