On the Process of Peasant Workers' Transformation to Urban Residents

The unique two-stage "Chinese path" of China’s ru-ral-urban migration, which cannot be fully explained by classical theories of economic development, makes us to give peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents a top priority. On the basis of fully explaining peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents, a method for measuring its process has been advanced and then confirmed with the data of March in 2005 from surveys to peasant workers in Wuhan. Finally, the suggestions of acceler-ating peasant workers’ transformation to urban residents to pro-mote the construction of a harmonious society have been drawn from the analysis.

Problems of Rural Migrant Workers and Policies in the New Period of Urbanization

The huge migration of rural workers has new characteristics such as the bad order, high degree of concentration, low level of collective action, marginality in social status, unfair treatment, difficult integration of the new generation, and the new return trend of rural migrants, which causes ‘urban diseases’ in China. Countermeasures should be taken to develop medium-sized and small cities, integrate the labor market of the city and countryside, provide necessary public services, social security and vocational training, guide the rural migrant workers to return rationally, and help the new generation live in harmony with urban residents.

Research on Farmers＇ Medical Security Based on Supply Theory

Urbanization process to change the pattern of population distribution in rural areas to strengthen the flow of farmers in the city and rural areas; national industrial structural adjustment, the gradual decline in per capital income of farmers; yearly increase in medical costs, making the farmers a serious shortage of personal medical capacity, Disease caused by poverty, due to illness back to poverty ＂phenomenon is obvious. Based on the historical background of the development of rural medical security, based on the perspective of ＂supply＂ of modem medical service, this paper analyzes the economic factors and policies of the farmers＇ ＂difficult to see medical treatment＂, and the data analysis is carried out according to the latest social data. Factors, and put forward the corresponding improvement measures.

Research on the Development Trend of Urbanization of Rural Migrant Workers from the Perspectives of Health and Life Stress

In this paper, we conduct research on the development trend of urbanization of the rural migrant workers from the perspectives of health and life stress. According to the theory of modern sociological about community, the migrant worker and city people’s relations belongs to typical in community’s relations with the outside community, among them not only isolates and repels psychologically mutually, but also has the direct conflicts of interest. This not only causes the migrant worker to suffer the prejudice and discrimination of city people, is hard to be a part of the city life, but also causes repellency urban institutional arrangements to disintegrate to a certain extent difficultly while the migrant worker is hard to enter in the urban system. Under this basis, this paper proposes the health and life stress assisted development trend of urbanization of the rural migrant workers basic research, the idea is new and innovative, in the later time we will apply it more.

Study on migrant workers of intergenerational transmission of poverty and social assistance problems

With the accelerated pace of urbanization, the construction of the city needs a large number of labor force, more and more farmers come out of the countryside to work in the city, forming a special group of migrant workers. With the emergence of migrant workers groups, there has been a new generation of migrant workers. This article from the perspective ofintergenerational transfer of migrant workers poverty, social assistance as the breakthrough point, through the transfer phenomenon and social relief situation of migrant workers in poverty from generation to generation, according to international advanced experience put forward the blocking of migrant workers in the intergenerational transmission of poverty.

The Empirical Study of Social Insurance for Migrant Workers

The social insurance problem of migrant workers is one of the main social problems that need to be solved in the city modernization and industrialization construction in China. The outstanding reflections are that attaching less importance to social insurance system, too high insurance fee and not perfect security system and other phenomena. This paper focuses on the empirical study and analysis of this type of problems, in order to put forward the feasible solution of social insurance for migrant workers. The migrant workers generally refer to the labor workers of household registration as farmers working in towns for non-agricultural occupation. At present, China＇ s migrant workers has exceeded 2.6 billion, and this group has been long in the city and rural edge, difficult to get the social insurance policy. According to the National Bureau statistics data, the migrant workers of not buying industrial injury insurance, endowment insurance, medical insurance and unemployment insurance are respectively 67.64%, 73.37%, 73.77% and 84.65%. In order to guarantee the interests of vulnerable groups in the marginalized position, the social insurance problems of migrant workers have become the our focus.

The Pork Consumption Characteristics of Chinese Urban Residents： The Outlook for 2020

China has the highest pork consumption in the world. As incomes increase and the urbanization process accelerates, the consumption of pork by Chinese residents will continue to grow. This paper studies the proportion of the household pork consumption account and examines the use of apparent pork consumption as a bridge that links consumption and production. Based on the pork consumption of urban and rural residents from 2000 to 2012, combined with per capita income, the total population and the rate of urbanization, we can analyse China＇s market demand in the pork trade for 2020, which will be useful for countries who are interested in potential trade with China. The research shows two important findings： First, with the per capita income of urban residents increasing, their per capita pork consumption is also on the rise, and as increasing numbers of rural residents move to urban areas with the acceleration of urbanization in China, the urban areas will be the most important pork market in the future. Secondly, the per capita pork consumption of rural residents will still be lower than that of urban residents in 2020, so there will be more room for growth in pork consumption in rural areas.

A Study Into the Causes of the Dispute in China＇s Rural Areas

The process of urbanization and industrialization in China, has been instrumental in depriving villagers of land and their way of life. This has led to a series of conflicts between government and villagers over the land. This issue has become the core of the conflict. The present from-top-to-bottom rural planning does not meet villagers＇ needs. Within the rural area, there are close social and organizational relationships, the villagers strongly demand autonomy. This has led to conflict between the state and villagers rights of autonomy. The conflict is ongoing, it has never stopped. For the purpose of this paper, the rural area of Zhejiang Province was investigated. The method of the empirical study was employed in order to comprehensively analyze the developmental stage of urban-rural relations, planning systems, the conflict process, and difficulties in the process of urbanization. The study discovered that the conflict was led by different value orientations between the two stakeholders--the government and the villagers. This resulted in a series of conflicts over land and natural resources and added to the breakdown of relationships on both sides, this was an external manifestation of value orientation on both sides. In conclusion, the paper recommends conflict resolution proposals and measures to be employed at every stage of urbanization.

Consumption Structure of Migrant Worker Families in China

This study draws on a survey of migrants in 12 cities across four major urbanizing areas in China and investigates the structure of migrant worker families＇urban and rural consumption. The results show that the structure of migrant worker families＇ consumption has been dominated by survival consumption. These families tend to live frugally in cities while engaging in conspicuous consumption in their rural hometowns. The structure of migrant worker families＇consumption is mainly shaped by their income stability and wealth levels rather than their current income level. Moreover, migrant worker families with high educational levels and those who intend to settle permanently in cities are likely to allocate substantial expenditure to status and hedonic consumption and to upgrade their urban consumption structure.

Simulating the Impacts of the New-type Urbanization Policy on Rural Settlement Changes:A Case Study in Dingzhou,China

To cope with the difficulties of integrating migrant workers into urban life and inefficient land use caused by conventional urbanization,China has proposed a new type of urbanization policy.This policy may have a significant impact on the spatial patterns of rural settlements in China.Exploring this potential impact is conducive to the proposal of scientific plans for the spatial patterns of rural settlements.Therefore,this paper chooses Dingzhou,one of the pilot cities of this new-type urbanization,as the research area to carry out a simulation study on the impact of the new-type urbanization policy.Dingzhou has invested heavily in the new-type urbanization construction in recent years,but the influence of the policy on rural settlements remains unclear.Based on the theoretical framework of previous studies,this paper set up three scenarios,namely“conventional urbanization”,“new-type urbanization”,and“counter-urbanization”.This paper used FLUS(Future Land Use Simulation)Model and various spatial data to simulate the spatial patterns of rural settlements in Dingzhou in 2030 under the different scenarios.By comparing the different scenarios,the impacts of the new-type urbanization policy on the spatial patterns of rural settlements in Dingzhou were evaluated.The results indicated that:(1)From 2000 to 2015,the area of rural settlements in Dingzhou increased by 11.12%.Spatially,the density of rural settlements around the cities and towns increased,and rural settlement areas were mainly converted from cultivated land.Rural settlements were mainly transformed into urban land and cultivated land.(2)The overall simulation accuracy of FLUS was 0.89,so it can be well applied to the simulation of rural settlements.(3)In all three scenarios,rural settlements expanded along their edges,and the closer they were to towns,the more obvious the expansion was.In the counter-urbanization scenario,the change of rural settlements was most dramatic.(4)The new-type urbanization policy makes the spatial patterns of rural settlements in Dingzhou more stable and more intensive.

Challenges of ＂Semi-Urbanization＂ to Village Democracy in China

This article analyzes the impact of urbanization on village democracy in China. The ＂economic absorption and social exclusion＂ of semiurbanization path has attracted rural residents to cities. These people participate in the urban economy just as a factor of production （labor） without enjoying the rights that urban citizens（xfiUagers） have. This urbanization path and population mobility has had a profound influence on rural democracy in China. On the one hand, large numbers of young people have left; the traditional villages in central and western China, which are characterized by population output（ many even move with their entire families）, causing the villages to lose their political elite while the interaction chain between villagers has been shortened and social trust in the villages has been weakened, thereby giving rise to a low quality of rural democracy. On the other hand, large numbers of migrant workers have flocked into the urbanized villages in eastern China, which are characterized by population input, and these people far outnumber local residents. Migrant workers are excluded from rural democracy and the governance structure. This local citizenship based on the household registration system restricts the inclusiveness of village democracy.

The New Migration Movement, Citizenship and Institutional Change in the Global Age： A Political Understanding of Large-Scale Urban Migration of Rural Workers since the Reform in China

Globalization accelerates the speed of migration in the world and challenges the traditional citizenship based on nation-state. Similarly, China has been undergoing a huge movement of domestic migration, more than 200 million farmers moving into cities and towns from the countryside, under the impact of modernization and globalization; this creates a great challenge to its traditional citizenship. The paper includes five parts and will： 1 ） give an overview of the whole process of this huge migration since the Reform and Opening Up at the end of the 1970s ; 2 ） analyze the internal and international dynamics of migration and particularly its great challenges to citizens＇ civil rights, obhgation, and identity; 3 ） illustrate Chinese policies dealing with the new large migration; 4, ） assess the essential changes in citizenship from this migration; and 5 ） find its meaning and consequence in terms of political philosophy.