基于语义框架的“动词语+的”结构指人时的对立歧义条件探讨

文章以框架语义学理论为基础,对汉语中"动词语+的"结构指人时对立歧义产生的条件进行了探讨,认为该结构要产生歧义,不仅对框架中表示人的元素有数量和语义特性有限制,而且对"动词语+的"结构中的动词本身和相应的名词性成分(或语素)也有语义上的限制。

动词属性在自然语言处理当中的研究与应用

在语言学当中,动词跟受其支配的语义成分可以构成一个最基本的语义结构,动词与这些成分之间蕴含着语义以及语法关系。结合这一研究成果,提出动词属性的概念,分析其语义特征,并将其运用于自然语言处理模型的具体实践中,通过对以自然语言形式表达的用户需求中动词属性进行理解和分析,结合自然语言理解系统"动的"结构的运行,将最终分析结果转化成概念设计要求,较好地解决了动词属性结构与"动的"结构存在耦合的现象。

AN ANALYSIS OF THE ASYMMETRICAL STRUCTURE OF TYPHOON AERE'S PRECIPITATION

The structural characteristics of 2004 typhoon Aere's precipitation are analyzed using the high-resolution data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) of the National Aeronautics Space Administration(NASA).It is found that the typhoon's characteristics vary at different stages of its development.To analyze the asymmetric causation of precipitation distribution,data from the National Center for Environmental Prediction(NCEP) reanalysis are used to calculate the vertical integral of the water vapor flux vector.The results show that because of this process,along with the unique phenomenon of twin-typhoon circulation,the easterly air current of the typhoon's northern side and the southwesterly air current of its southern side play a joint role in transporting water vapor.Furthermore,its transport effects vary greatly at the different stages of development,showing the peculiarity of the water source for this typhoon process.The distributions of the typhoon convection area—characterized by heavy precipitation and a maximum-value area of the water vapor flux,as well as a strong ascending-motion area—differ at different stages of the typhoon's development.The non-uniform distribution of water vapor flux and the vertical motion bring about asymmetrical distribution of the typhoon precipitation.

Relationship of glass forming ability and local structural properties of liquid Cu-Zr alloys

Molecular dynamics(MD) simulations were performed to investigate the glass forming ability(GFA) and microscopic structural properties of liquid Cu-Zr alloys.Based on the analysis of composition dependences of the reduced glass transition temperatures and the excess volume,we found that the Cu-Zr glasses have the largest GFA at Cu65Zr35 composition.To get more detailed information of local structure,we calculated the pair correlation functions,partial pair correlation functions,the excess entropy,chemical order parameter,coordination number,and Voronoi index of Cu-Zr liquids.We found that there exists an obvious and close relationship among the GFA,the excess entropy calculated using the total pair correlation functions,chemical order parameters,and some Cu centered cluster with Voronoi index <0,2,8,1> and Zr centered cluster with Voronoi index <0,3,6,4>,which all have nonlinear dependences on Cu/Zr concentration and have extreme values at liquid Cu65Zr35 composition.

Transmitted cardiovascular pulsations on high resolution esophageal impedance manometry, and their significance in dysphagia

AIM To investigate the behavior of pulsatile pressure zones(PPZ's) as noted on high resolution esophageal impedance manometry(HREIM), and determine their association with dysphagia.METHODS Retrospective, single center case control design scr-eening HREIM studies for cases(dysphagia) and controls(no dysphagia). Thoracic radiology studies were reviewed further in cases for(thoracic cardiovascular) thoracic cardiovascular(TCV) structures in esophageal proximity to compare with HREIM findings. Manometric data was collected for number, location, axial length, PPZ pressure and esophageal clearance function(impedance). RESULTS Among 317 screened patients, 56% cases and 64% controls had PPZ's. Fifty cases had an available thoracic radiology comparison. The distribution of PPZ's in these 50 cases and 59 controls was similar(average 1.4 PPZ/patient). Controls(mean 31.2 ± SD 12 years) were a significantly younger population than cases(mean 67.3 ± SD 14.9 years) with P < 0.0001. The upright posture PPZ pressure was higher in controls(15.7 ± 10.0 mm Hg) than cases(10.8 ± 9.7 mm Hg). Although statistically significant(P = 0.005), it was a weak predictor using logistic regression and ROC model(AUC = 0.65). Three dysphagia patients had partial compression from external TCV on radiology(1 aberrant subclavian artery, 2 dilated left atrium). The posture(supine vs upright) with more prominent PPZ's impaired bolus clearance in 9 additional cases by > 20%. CONCLUSION Transmitted TCV pulsations observed in HREIM bear no significant impact on swallowing. However, in older adults with dysphagia, evidence of impaired bolus clearance on impedance should be evaluated for external TCV compression. These associations have never been explored previously in literature, and are novel.

Development of two rescue robots for disaster relief operations in narrow debris

This paper proposes two novel rescue robots,including a cutter robot and a jack robot,which are aimed to contribute to rescue activities such as to cut through obstacles and to jack up debris in dangerous sites and narrow spaces,where a rescue team can not work or approach.Firstly,a multilinked tracked rescue robot platform composed of connected crawler vehicles is developed,which has high mobility on irregular terrain and ability to move into narrow collapsed structures.Then,the cutter robot and jack robot are designed on the basis of rescue robot platform equipped with a cutter or a jack mechanism and corresponding manipulators in the front segment.The cutter refitted by an angle grinder is able to cut through 10 mm diameter steel bars.The electric jack mechanism designed based on multiple layers screw sleeves structure can lift up 300 kg load from 70 mm to 400 mm.Experimental results validate the capability of the two rescue robots.

Estimating Topology of Discrete Dynamical Networks

In this paper,by applying Lasalle's in variance principle and some results about the trace of a matrix,we propose a method for estimating the topological structure of a discrete dynamical network based on the dynamicalevolution of the network.The network concerned can be directed or undirected,weighted or unweighted,and the localdynamics of each node can be nonidentical.The connections among the nodes can be all unknown or partially known.Finally,two examples,including a Henon map and a central network,are illustrated to verify the theoretical results.

Quantitative structure-activity relationships of antimicrobial fatty acids and derivatives against Staphylococcus aureus

Fatty acids and derivatives(FADs)are resources for natural antimicrobials.In order to screen for additional potent antimicrobial agents,the antimicrobial activities of FADs against Staphylococcus aureus were examined using a microplate assay.Monoglycerides of fatty acids were the most potent class of fatty acids,among which monotridecanoin possessed the most potent antimicrobial activity.The conventional quantitative structure-activity relationship(QSAR)and comparative molecular field analysis(CoMFA)were performed to establish two statistically reliable models(conventional QSAR:R2=0.942,Q 2 LOO=0.910;CoMFA:R 2=0.979,Q 2=0.588,respectively).Improved forecasting can be achieved by the combination of these two models that provide a good insight into the structureactivity relationships of the FADs and that may be useful to design new FADs as antimicrobial agents.

Structure development of carbon-based solar-driven water evaporation systems

Pressing need goes ahead for accessing freshwater in insufficient supply countries and regions,which will become a restrictive factor for human development and production.In recent years,solar-driven water evaporation(SDWE)systems have attracted increasing attention for their specialty in no consume conventional energy,pollution-free,and the high purity of fresh water.In particular,carbon-based photothermal conversion materials are preferred light-absorbing material for SDWE systems because of their wide range of spectrum absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency based on superconjugate effect.Until now,many carbon-based SDWE systems have been reported,and various structures emerged and were designed to enhance light absorption,optimize heat management,and improve the efficient water transport path.In this review,we attempt to give a comprehensive summary and discussions of structure progress of the carbon-based SDWE systems and their working mechanisms,including carbon nanoparticles systems,single-layer photothermal membrane systems,bi-layer structural photothermal systems,porous carbon-based materials systems,and three dimensional(3D)systems.In these systems,the latest 3D systems can expand the light path by allowing light to be reflected multiple times in the microcavity to increase the light absorption rate,and its large heat exchange area can prompt more water to evaporate,which makes them the promising application foreground.We hope our review can spark the probing of underlying principles and inspiring design strategies of these carbonbased SDWE systems,and further guide device optimizations,eventually promoting in extensive practical applications in the future.

Battle damage assessment based on an improved Kullback-Leibler divergence sparse autoencoder

The nodes number of the hidden layer in a deep learning network is quite difficult to determine with traditional methods. To solve this problem, an improved Kullback-Leibler divergence sparse autoencoder （KL-SAE） is proposed in this paper, which can be applied to battle damage assessment （BDA）. This method can select automatically the hidden layer feature which contributes most to data reconstruction, and abandon the hidden layer feature which contributes least. Therefore, the structure of the network can be modified. In addition, the method can select automatically hidden layer feature without loss of the network prediction accuracy and increase the computation speed. Experiments on University ofCalifomia-Irvine （UCI） data sets and BDA for battle damage data demonstrate that the method outperforms other reference data-driven methods. The following results can be found from this paper. First, the improved KL-SAE regression network can guarantee the prediction accuracy and increase the speed of training networks and prediction. Second, the proposed network can select automatically hidden layer effective feature and modify the structure of the network by optimizing the nodes number of the hidden layer.

Hydrodynamics in a Circulating Fluidized Bed with Annular Furnace and Six Parallel Cyclones

Systematic measurements were conducted on a cold CFB with annular furnace and six parallel cyclones to study gas-solids flow in the annular furnace and flow non-uniformity among six cyclones. The results show that axial solids holdup in the annular furnace decreases exponentially with height, similar to the conventional rectangular furnace. The uniform transverse distribution of solids holdup suggests a good gas-solids mixing in the annular furnace. The annular furnace presents the core/double-annulus flow structure, and it results in enhanced gas-solids back-mixing than the conventional core/annulus flow structure. The gas-solids flow of the inner wall-layer and the outer wall-layer is very close at most part of the furnace height, and the wall-layer thickness decreases with height. Flow non-uniformity exists among six parallel cyclones in the annular furnace CFB. But non-uniform distribution of solids circulating rates and cyclone pressure drops show no regularity, and the flow non-uniformity is no larger than the CFBs with conventional furnace. Under typical operating conditions, the relative deviation of six solids circulating rates is 8.0%.