课程思政理念下“化工基础”课堂教学改革研究

随着科学技术的不断进步,我国化工行业迎来新的发展机遇。为加快培养高素质人才,学校必须创新教学理念,利用课程思政理念贯穿“化工基础”等教学内容,不仅能够提高学生的课堂实践能力,还能够培养学生的创新精神,为化工行业的发展提供人才保障。在进行教育改革时,要树立“立德树人”的教学目标,将思政教育与化工基础进行有效的融合,增强学生的社会责任感,探讨“化工基础”课堂教学改革实践措施。

“互联网+”背景下智慧课堂教学模式的构建:以高校“化工基础”课程为例

随着“互联网+”时代的到来,人工智能带动智慧教育的发展。智慧课堂利用现代化信息技术手段打造智能、高效的课堂,实现了教学智能化,加深了师生的交流互动,提升了学生自主学习的主动性与趣味性,推动了教与学模式的转变。以“互联网+”为教育研究背景,以激发学生的学习兴趣,提升教育教学质量为目的,研究智慧课堂教学的发展状况,并结合高校的“化工基础”课程对智慧教学模式进行实践探索,并取得了良好的效果。

“化工基础实验”课的初步改革与实践

"化工基础实验"课是理科化学和应用化学专业一门重要的工程技术教育课程.近年来,我校根据时代的变化和该课程的特点,结合我校的实际情况,对该课程采取了一系列的改革措施,扩大了实验内容,加强了反应工程学和化工新技术实验,更新了实验装置,根据我校的科研情况设计了多个新实验,并且对教学方法也进行了改革.

Statistical Monitoring of Chemical Processes Based on Sensitive Kernel Principal Components

The kernel principal component analysis （KPCA） method employs the first several kernel principal components （KPCs）, which indicate the most variance information of normal observations for process monitoring, but may not reflect the fault information. In this study, sensitive kernel principal component analysis （SKPCA） is proposed to improve process monitoring performance, i.e., to deal with the discordance of T2 statistic and squared prediction error SVE statistic and reduce missed detection rates. T2 statistic can be used to measure the variation di rectly along each KPC and analyze the detection performance as well as capture the most useful information in a process. With the calculation of the change rate of T2 statistic along each KPC, SKPCA selects the sensitive kernel principal components for process monitoring. A simulated simple system and Tennessee Eastman process are employed to demonstrate the efficiency of SKPCA on online monitoring. The results indicate that the monitoring performance is improved significantly.

Improved Kernel PLS-based Fault Detection Approach for Nonlinear Chemical Processes

In this paper, an improved nonlinear process fault detection method is proposed based on modified kernel partial least squares(KPLS). By integrating the statistical local approach(SLA) into the KPLS framework, two new statistics are established to monitor changes in the underlying model. The new modeling strategy can avoid the Gaussian distribution assumption of KPLS. Besides, advantage of the proposed method is that the kernel latent variables can be obtained directly through the eigen value decomposition instead of the iterative calculation, which can improve the computing speed. The new method is applied to fault detection in the simulation benchmark of the Tennessee Eastman process. The simulation results show superiority on detection sensitivity and accuracy in comparison to KPLS monitoring.

Integration optimization of novel electric power steering system based on quality engineering theory

The dynamic model of a novel electric power steering （EPS） system integrated with active front steering function （the novel EPS system） is built. The concepts and quantitative expressions of the steering road feel, steering sensibility, and steering operation stability are introduced. Based on quality engineering theory, the optimization algorithm is proposed by integrating the Monte Carlo descriptive sampling, elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm （NSGA-II） and 6-sigma design method. With the steering road feel and the steering portability as optimization targets, the system parameters are optimized by the proposed optimization algorithm. The simulation results show that the system optimized based on quality engineering theory can improve the steering road feel, guarantee steering stability and steering portability and thus provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of the novel electric power steering system.

A hybrid cuckoo search algorithm with feasibility-based rule for constrained structural optimization

Constrained optimization problems are very important as they are encountered in many science and engineering applications.As a novel evolutionary computation technique,cuckoo search(CS) algorithm has attracted much attention and wide applications,owing to its easy implementation and quick convergence.A hybrid cuckoo pattern search algorithm(HCPS) with feasibility-based rule is proposed for solving constrained numerical and engineering design optimization problems.This algorithm can combine the stochastic exploration of the cuckoo search algorithm and the exploitation capability of the pattern search method.Simulation and comparisons based on several well-known benchmark test functions and structural design optimization problems demonstrate the effectiveness,efficiency and robustness of the proposed HCPS algorithm.

Scientific and Engineering Progress in CO_2 Minerali zation Using Industrial Waste and Natural Minerals

The issues of reducing CO_2 levels in the atmo-sphere, sustainably utilizing natural mineral resources,and dealing with indus trial waste offer challenging opportunities for sustainable development in energy and the environment. The latest advances in CO_2 mineralization technology involving natural minerals and industrial waste are summarized in this paper, with great emphasis on the advancement of fundamental science, economic evaluation, and engineering applications. We discuss several lead-ing large-scale CO_2 mineralization methodologies from a techn ical and engineering-science perspective. For each technology option, we give an overview of the technical parameters, reaction pathway, reactivity, procedural scheme, and laboratorial and pilot devices. Furthermore, we present a discussion of each technology based on experimental results and the literature. Finally, current gaps in knowledge are identified in the conclusion, and an overview of the challenges and opportunities for future research in this field is provided.

CLOBAL CHARM OF THE CHANGJIANG RIVER DELTA

Based on the theory of geo-economy,under the new situation of global economy,information network and China’s entry into WTO,also with the holding of APEC (in 2001) and the International Exposition in the near future,the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Delta is striding toward the spectacular international multi-polar situation and becomes one of core regions with high-speed development. Facing the ocean and world all along,leading the progressive tides of the age and scintillating the splendor of the nation,she does advance with time. Through a long period of irrigation projects construction and intensive operation of lands in previous agricultural society,the artificial wetland ecosystem with a positive cycle had ever been formed in this region. At present,environmental pollution and urban expansion resulted from post-industrialization are being rectified. The delta will be the paradigm of industrial and agricultural modernization along the sustainable development road. With the rapid development of urbanization,she has been one of the regions with the highest density population and high urbanization level. Taking the Changjiang River estuary and the Hangzhou Bay as two parts,she is continuously strengthening and adjusting her interior structure,expanding mothball space and constructing the oriental modern "logistics center" to link the whole world. The butterfly-style urban system of the Changjiang River Delta is flying,probably engendering earthshaking "butterfly effect".

The Concept and Theoretical Implications of Carbon Emissions Rights Based on Individual Equity

Climate change has become a hot topic in international environmental negotiations.For post-Kyoto international climate regime negotiations,many countries have proposed a variety of frameworks to share the emission reduction responsibilities and allocate carbon emission rights,and have tried to quantify the emission reduction obligations of all countries based on the perspectives of international equity and individual equity.In this paper,the authors have distinguished the concepts of carbon emissions rights based on these two perspectives respectively,have analyzed the relationship between carbon emissions per capita and economic development,and have calculated and compared the proportion of cumulative emissions per capita of different countries in history and future,and then authors conclude that emission reduction obligations should be allocated based on each country's conditions,including historical emissions,development stage,and future demands.Developed countries should take the initiative to significantly reduce their emissions because they have already accomplished their industrialization process.However,developing countries are still in the process of industrialization,which requires more emission rights to meet their development needs.For China,the concept of carbon emissions based on individual equity can be used as a theoretical tool for the allocating the international carbon emissions rights.

Mechanism of ultrasonic-pulse electrochemical compound machining based on particles

The electric double layer with the transmission of particles was presented based on the principle of electrochemistry.In accordance with this theory,the cavitation catalysis removal mechanism of ultrasonic-pulse electrochemical compound machining(UPECM) based on particles was proposed.The removal mechanism was a particular focus and was thus validated by experiments.The principles and experiments of UPECM were introduced,and the removal model of the UPECM based on the principles of UPECM was established.Furthermore,the effects of the material removal rate for the main processing parameters,including the particles size,the ultrasonic vibration amplitude,the pulse voltage and the minimum machining gap between the tool and the workpiece,were also studied through UPECM.The results show that the particles promote ultrasonic-pulse electrochemical compound machining and thus act as the catalyzer of UPECM.The results also indicate that the processing speed,machining accuracy and surface quality can be improved under UPECM compound machining.

Determinants of Export Performance in East Africa Countries

The main objectives of this study are to identify and analyze variables which have impact on export performances of seven East Africa countries and suggest possible solutions to improve export performance in East Africa. Usingdata from World Development Indicators database we conducted panel data analysis for the period of 1990-2014.Empirical results show that labor force, industrialization, foreign direct investment, and exchange rate have positiveimpact on export value. On the other hand, inflation has negative impact on export performance while GDP growthis the only variable that does not affect the export value of East Africa countries. Finally, we suggest somerecommendations, including the need of replacing agricultural exports by the industrial export, improving infrastructural facility as well as the quality of human capital and the need of policies for attracting internationalinvestors.

Research on the Development Trend of Urbanization of Rural Migrant Workers from the Perspectives of Health and Life Stress

In this paper, we conduct research on the development trend of urbanization of the rural migrant workers from the perspectives of health and life stress. According to the theory of modern sociological about community, the migrant worker and city people’s relations belongs to typical in community’s relations with the outside community, among them not only isolates and repels psychologically mutually, but also has the direct conflicts of interest. This not only causes the migrant worker to suffer the prejudice and discrimination of city people, is hard to be a part of the city life, but also causes repellency urban institutional arrangements to disintegrate to a certain extent difficultly while the migrant worker is hard to enter in the urban system. Under this basis, this paper proposes the health and life stress assisted development trend of urbanization of the rural migrant workers basic research, the idea is new and innovative, in the later time we will apply it more.

Research On SME Financial Management Problems And The Optimization Measures

On the basis of analysis to the operating characteristics of SMEs, the paper pointed out： There is poor access to finance, lack of internal control systems, accounting foundation work is weak, financial Management Information Building and other issues in the financial management of SMEs.This paper proposes measures for SMEs to create a favorable policy environment and services, conduct financial system innovation, emphasis on financial innovation and incentives talents, network management, and establish relevant financial penalties supervision system.

Study and application of reinforcement learning based on DAI in cooperative strategy of robot soccer

A dynamic cooperation model of multi-agent is established by combining reinforcement learning with distributed artificial intelligence(DAI),in which the concept of individual optimization loses its meaning because of the dependence of repayment on each agent itself and the choice of other agents.Utilizing the idea of DAI,the intellectual unit of each robot and the change of task and environment,each agent can make decisions independently and finish various complicated tasks by communication and reciprocation between each other.The method is superior to other reinforcement learning methods commonly used in the multi-agent system.It can improve the convergence velocity of reinforcement learning,decrease requirements of computer memory,and enhance the capability of computing and logical ratiocinating for agent.The result of a simulated robot soccer match proves that the proposed cooperative strategy is valid.

远程教育的宏观理论

本文在简述远程教育和开放学习这两个核心概念的基础上，探讨国内外远程教育研究工作者在建立远程教育的普遍理论体系、远程教育的发展动力基础理论、远程教育的工业化理论、三代信息技术和三代远程教育的理论等宏观理论方面的探索及其部分成果。这些理论体系既反映了对远程教育的内在本质和发展规律的认识，又总结得出了远程教育与其所处社会环境相互关系的某些规律性认识，为构建未来比较完整的远程教育宏观理论提供了有益的借鉴。

Fabrication of a Novel Porous Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Blend Five-Bore Membrane for Wastewater Treatment

Porous poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)/poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) blend five-bore hollow fiber membranes are prepared by wet phase inversion methods.In spinning these PVDF hollow fibers, N,N-dimethylacetamide(DMAc) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP) are used as the solvent and the non-solvent additive,respectively.The external coagulant uses water.The internal coagulants use water and DMAc-water solutions.The membranes are characterized in terms of water flux and molecular weight cut-off for the wet membranes.The cross-sectional structures are examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The effects of polymer concentration and the internal coagulant on the permeation properties and membrane structures are examined keeping the bore liquid flow and air-gap constants.Relative high flux,rejection and strengh PVDF five-bore hollow fiber membranes could be prepared from the polymer concentration in dope solution at 17%of mass fraction,the air gap distance of 14 cm,and using 10%of mass fraction of DMAc solution as the internal coagulant at 13 mL/min of flow.

Information engineering infrastructure for life sciences and its implementation in China

Biological data,represented by the data from omics platforms,are accumulating exponentially.As some other data-intensive scientific disciplines such as high-energy physics,climatology,meteorology,geology,geography and environmental sciences,modern life sciences have entered the information-rich era,the era of the 4th paradigm.The creation of Chinese information engineering infrastructure for pan-omics studies(CIEIPOS) has been long overdue as part of national scientific infrastructure,in accelerating the further development of Chinese life sciences,and translating rich data into knowledge and medical applications.By gathering facts of current status of international and Chinese bioinformatics communities in collecting,managing and utilizing biological data,the essay stresses the significance and urgency to create a 'data hub' in CIEIPOS,discusses challenges and possible solutions to integrate,query and visualize these data.Another important component of CIEIPOS,which is not part of traditional biological data centers such as NCBI and EBI,is omics informatics.Mass spectroscopy platform was taken as an example to illustrate the complexity of omics informatics.Its heavy dependency on computational power is highlighted.The demand for such power in omics studies is argued as the fundamental function to meet for CIEIPOS.Implementation outlook of CIEIPOS in hardware and network is discussed.

Biomimetic photoelectric conversion systems based on artificial membranes

Biological light-driven proton pumps which could transfer light energy to electrical energy have aroused intense interest in the past years.Many related researches have been conducted to mimic this process in vitro because of its potential significant applications.This review describes the progress in biomimetic photoelectric conversion systems based on different kinds of promising artificial membranes.Both biological bacteriorhodopsin and the photosensitive chemical molecules which could be used to achieve the photoelectric conversion function are discussed.Also a short outlook in this field is demonstrated at the end.

Primary studies on integration optimization of differential steering of electric vehicle with motorized wheels based on quality engineering

The model of the differential steering system(DSS) of electric vehicle with motorized wheels and the three-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of vehicle are built.Based on these models,the concepts and quantitative expressions of steering road feel,steering portability and steering stability are proposed.Through integrating the Monte Carlo descriptive sampling,elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-II) and Taguchi robust design method,the system parameters are optimized with steering road feel and steering portability as optimization targets,and steering stability and steering portability as constraints.The simulation results show that the system optimized based on quality engineering can improve the steering road feel,guarantee steering stability and steering portability and thus provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of the electric vehicle with motorized wheels system.