城市文化中的蒙古族民歌——流行化、艺术化与“原本化”

从草原、蒙古包一路走进城市的蒙古族民歌,与城市音乐文化的“适应”中多元共融,形成多样的表演形态,并在蒙汉等民族聚居的城市中呈现出独有的城市文化生态。一是城市大众舞台上的集体狂欢:蒙古族民歌的流行化;二是城市专业教育下的审美趣味:蒙古族民歌的艺术化;三是城市艺术交融中的文化间性:蒙古族民歌的“原本化”(此概念借用卡尔·奥尔夫的“原本性”概念与理论)。三种表演样态都是两种以上文化的融合,融合之后的美可谓“横看成岭侧成峰,远近高低各不同”。流行化的民歌是美感与快感的双向奔赴;艺术化的民歌以专业之美在与高雅艺术“通约”的同时实现自身更大范围的流通;“原本化”的民歌在古朴之美上悬挂着精神向往与心灵归宿。

Appropriate Garden Design of Primitive Ecology Based on the Indigenization of Environmental Ethics

The accelerating urbanization process leads to aggravated environmental problems, thus garden design which is a creative activity connecting human and nature has attracted much attention, and also garden designers have had to rethink about environmental ethics and morals. This study, from the perspective of environmental ethics, duly proposed the brand-new concept of 'appropriate garden of primitive ecology', proceeded from the orientation, form, value, theoretical basis, realistic significance, culture and consumption psychology of 'garden of primitive ecology', fully developed outstanding ecological wisdoms and morals in traditional Chinese garden culture, boosted garden designs to the environmental ethics level of eco-justice, to seek for the approach to 'garden of primitive ecology' with indigenous Chinese environmental ethic characteristics.

Experimental and Kinetic Study of Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH_3 over CuO/Al_2O_3/Cordierite Catalyst

The CuO/γ-Al2O3/cordierite catalyst, after being sulfated by sulfur dioxide (SO2) at 673 K, exhibits high activities for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxide (NO) with ammonia (NH3) at 573-723 K. The intrinsic kinetics of SCR of NO with NH3 over CuO/γ-Al2O3/cordierite catalyst has been measured in a fixed-bed reactor in the absence of internal and external diffusions. The experimental results show that the reaction rate can be quantified by a first-order expression with activation energy Eá of 94.01 kJ·mol-1 and the corresponding p re-exponential factor A′ of 3.39×108 cm3·g-1·s-1 when NH3 is excessive. However, when NH3 is not enough, an E ley-Rideal kinetic model based on experimental data is derived with Ea of 105.79 kJ·mol-1, the corresponding A of 2 .94×109 cm3·g-1·s-1, heat of adsorption-Hads of 87.90 kJ·mol-1 and the corresponding Aads of 9.24 cm3·mol-1. The intrinsic kinetic model obtained was incorporated in a 3D mathematical model of monolithic reactor, and the agreement of the prediction with experimental data indicates that the present kinetic model is adequate for the reac-tor design and engineering scale-up.

Determination of the intrinsic kinetics of iron oxide reduced by carbon monoxide in an isothermal differential micro-packed bed

The intrinsic kinetics of iron oxide reduced by carbon monoxide is evaluated by a method of online measuring concentration of off-gas in an isothermal differential micro-packed bed. Under the condition of getting away from the influence of gas diffusion and gas–solid heat transfer and mass transfer, the reaction of Fe2O3 to Fe3O4, Fe3O4 to Fe O and Fe O to Fe in the process of single reaction can be clearly distinguished from each other, and the relevant activation energy is characterized to be 75.4, 74.4, and 84.0 k J·mol-1, respectively. Therefore, the change of surface area in the reaction process due to losing oxygen could be easily calculated by combining it with pre-exponential parameters of Arrhenius equations. In conclusion, these kinetic parameters are verified by the experimental data for the process of ore reduced by carbon monoxide in a packed bed.

A wireless magnetic sensor for localizing in-vivo medical micro-devices

In order to measure the position and orientation of in-vivo medical micro-devices without the line-of- sight constraints, a wireless magnetic sensor is developed for an electromagnetic localization method. In the electromagnetic localization system, the wireless magnetic sensor is embedded in the micro-devices to measure alternating magnetic signals. The wireless magnetic sensor is composed of an induction coil, a signal processor, a radio frequency （R.F） transmitter, a power manager and batteries. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, the induction coil converts the alternating magnetic signals into electrical signals. Via the RF transmitter, the useful data am wirelessly sent outside the body. According to the relation between the magnetic signals and the location, the position and orientation of the micro-devices can be calculated. The experiments demonstrate the feasibility of localizing in-vivo medical micro-devices with the wireless magnetic sensor. The novel localization system is accurate and robust.

Development of a Low-Cost Weather Station to Measure in Situ Essential Climate Variables

A weather station is proposed especially designed for developing countries, and to meet the standards of the international scientific community making research on the earth system. The station would measure in situ several ECV （essential climate variables）. These data may enable an agricultural breakthrough in countries lacking meteorological infrastructure, help in climate change monitoring, and facilitate diffusion of wind energy. A pre-feasibility analysis is presented. It appears interesting that the station is supplied by a social enterprise. A research to establish the best shelter design using computational fluid dynamics is also reported. The criterion is the accuracy with which the surface air temperature is reproduced inside the shelter. A design following recommendations by the WMO （World Meteorological Organization）, a smaller design with identical geometry, and two alternative small designs are analyzed. All four designs are simulated in PVC, natural rubber and wood, with and without white paint coating. The smaller shelters perform better. The influence of the material, dimensions and design is smaller than that of the white paint. Shelters made of PVC or rubber, and/or in alternative designs, may be more interesting if other criteria are considered, like whether logistics, manufacturing, etc. are more sustainable, easier and/or cheaper.

TFIIA transcriptional activity is controlled by a ＇cleave-and-run＇ Exportin-1/Taspase 1-switc

Transcription factor TFIIA is controlled by complex regulatory networks including proteolysis by the protease Taspase 1, though the full impact of cleavage remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that in contrast to the general assumption, de novo produced TFIIA is rapidly confined to the cytoplasm via an evolutionary conserved nuclear export signal （NES, amino acids ^21VINDVRDIFL^30）, interacting with the nuclear export receptor Exportin-1/chromosomal region maintenance 1 （Crml）. Chemical export inhibition or genetic inactivation of the NES not only promotes TFIIA＇s nuclear localization but also affects its transcrip- tional activity. Notably, Taspase 1 processing promotes TFIIA＇s nuclear accumulation by NES masking, and modulates its tran- scriptional activity. Moreover, TFIIA complex formation with the TATA box binding protein （TBP） is cooperatively enhanced by inhibition of proteolysis and nuclear export, leading to an increase of the ceil cycle inhibitor p16INK, which is counteracted by pre- vention of TBP binding. We here identified a novel mechanism how proteolysis and nuclear transport cooperatively fine-tune tran- scriptional programs.

The ＂Living Wisdom＂ of China＇s Development Experience

The deepening and widening of globalization have profoundly modified the world＇s political, economic and cultural landscapes as we know them. It calls for not only a green revolution in our ways of production and ways of life, but also a restructuring of the ＂knowledge-oriented＂ model of intellectual production that has served as bedrock to support the single-minded mentality of developmentalism. One of the possible routes to arrive at a new Weltanschauung is what I have termed as the ＂living wisdom＂ that can help to explicate the inexplicables by existing social theories. I argue in this paper that the Chinese living wisdom offers a nutshell view of how traditional resources can be made accessible for us to respond to current unprecedented chaJJenges facing htunamty. It is as much a best oppommky in the ＂metropolitan moment＂ for a ＂China＇s representation＂ as for other civilizations, cultures and nations, such as the ＂eco--social time＂ in primitive societies, the ancient European philosophies on ontology and cosmology, and the rejection of sagehood and intellect by Zhuangzi.