This paper carefully probes into the main models of the bilingual education in the world, deeply analyses the conditions and requirements on the implementation of the bilingual education in our schools, and clearly di...This paper carefully probes into the main models of the bilingual education in the world, deeply analyses the conditions and requirements on the implementation of the bilingual education in our schools, and clearly differentiates TEFL and TESL as well as bilingual education. The writer thinks that in China we teach English as a foreign language instead of a second language, that the bilingual education is the supreme level of the foreign language acquisition, and that the final goal of the bilingual education is to make learners simultaneously think and use Chinese and English in both ways as well as communicate with one another in two languages according to the situational context. Therefore, it is not easy to practice the bilingual education in a country like China, which is still poor in the English language context. But the situation will change as China enters WTO and the globalization speeds up.展开更多
English teaching in big classes, for Chinese college students, is the main channel to learn and practice English. In the process of a successful classroom teaching, students and teachers are required to cooperate with...English teaching in big classes, for Chinese college students, is the main channel to learn and practice English. In the process of a successful classroom teaching, students and teachers are required to cooperate with each other and mutually complete teaching activities in an enjoyable and harmonious atmosphere. This paper analyzes the current situation of College English teaching in China, and discusses the application of the methodology of "dual-way enjoyable teaching" in big classes, indicating that the classroom activities should be designed to enliven the class atmosphere, which is also the effective way to realize the aim of enjoyable teaching and enjoyable learning.展开更多
Bilingual education is one of Chinese education directions in the 21st century. And constructivism is the educational foundation of bilingual education. This paper presents a study of teaching theory and the pattern o...Bilingual education is one of Chinese education directions in the 21st century. And constructivism is the educational foundation of bilingual education. This paper presents a study of teaching theory and the pattern of bilingual education. The current situation and the development of bilingual education are discussed as well.展开更多
A number of studies show that bilingual education in private universities is worth studying in recent years, but its feasibility causes many debates at the same time which students are not as superior in both English ...A number of studies show that bilingual education in private universities is worth studying in recent years, but its feasibility causes many debates at the same time which students are not as superior in both English proficiency and expertise as what we have expect- ed.However, it is undeniable that teaching process of teachers becomes significant influence on students' learning results. In my research I focus on the comprehensive view and procedures of teaching and set up the index system for evaluation of bilingual teaching process from teachers' perspective. In addition, I calculate the weighted value of each index at each level by using the root method, and determine the key success factors which affecting the quality of bilingual teaching process. Lastly, taking Oxbridge college as an example, I try to study what types of factors that constitutes conditions and limitations for a successful effect for bilingual teaching and to propose the solutions for improving and self-supervising in bilingual teaching process.展开更多
Globalization and the soaring development of Chinese economy impose new requirements on bilingual instruction in Chinese higher education. It is the market economy mode of thinking that plays an important role in ever...Globalization and the soaring development of Chinese economy impose new requirements on bilingual instruction in Chinese higher education. It is the market economy mode of thinking that plays an important role in every respect of the cultivation of bilingual instruction. On this basis, the thesis explores the role of universities and colleges in terms of the strategy of bilingual instruction and the mechanism to inspire bilingual faculty and students.展开更多
There are few papers in the literature focusing on the issue of the optimal depletion of exhaustible resources in the framework of variable time preference. This paper attempts to analyze the pure consumption of exhau...There are few papers in the literature focusing on the issue of the optimal depletion of exhaustible resources in the framework of variable time preference. This paper attempts to analyze the pure consumption of exhaustible resource under hy- perbolic time preference, and to discuss the optimal depletion rate and the effect of the protection of the exhaustible resource under different commitment abilities. The results of model show that the case of the hyperbolic discount with the full commitment of the govemment is equivalent to the case of constant discount of the social planner problem. In that case, the optimal depletion rate and the initial consumption of exhaustible resource are the slowest. On the contrary, they are the highest and the myopic behaviors lead to excessive consumption of exhaustible resources inevitably without commitment. Otherwise, in the case of partial commit- ment, the results are between the cases of full commitment and of no commitment. Therefore, with the hyperbolic time preference, the optimal depletion rate of resource depends on the commitment ability. Higher commitment ability leads to lower effective rate of time preference, and consequently, lower depletion rate and lower initial depletion value. The improvement of commitment ability can decrease the impatience and myopia behaviors, and contribute to the protection of the exhaustible resources.展开更多
Recently bilingual teaching in China's universities has been widely carded out and become a popular subject for study. In this paper, the reasons for bilingual teaching of molecular biology are pointed out, the textb...Recently bilingual teaching in China's universities has been widely carded out and become a popular subject for study. In this paper, the reasons for bilingual teaching of molecular biology are pointed out, the textbook of molecular biology and teaching method in bilingual teaching classes are determined after investigation and the practice of bilingually teaching molecular biology use both English and Chinese in a class. The effect has proved good. The bilingual teaching methods, the problem of bilingual teaching, the importance of understanding its significance and the possibilities of improving such teaching of the subject are also discussed.展开更多
This paper is based on a study that was done to explore the perspectives of teacher candidates and faculty members of teacher education programs of a university of Arizona. The purpose of the study was to look into K-...This paper is based on a study that was done to explore the perspectives of teacher candidates and faculty members of teacher education programs of a university of Arizona. The purpose of the study was to look into K-12 language teacher education programs in the backdrop of globalization. The data of the study came from a sample of 200 prospective teachers/candidates and students, and 24 faculty members/program administrators of teacher education programs of a university of Arizona. The results of the study showed that the majority of teacher candidates felt underprepared to teach diverse student populations. Similarly, most participants expressed their concerns over English-only policy of Arizona and they reported it as a major barrier for the education of English language learners.展开更多
Bilingual education has been a buzzword in the mainland of China since the 21st century. China has the greatest population, who learn English as foreign language. Kindergartens and schools of all stages have English c...Bilingual education has been a buzzword in the mainland of China since the 21st century. China has the greatest population, who learn English as foreign language. Kindergartens and schools of all stages have English course. Therefore, there have been extensive studies and researches concerning bilingual education in the context of China. The effectiveness of bilingual education should be discussed and tested by more relevant studies. This paper introduces linguistic policies and phenomena in China, and reviews the current studies on bilingual education in China both at home and abroad. Finally, some implications for English teaching are put forward to inform teaching practitioners.展开更多
Due to the process of closer connection between China and the world, Business English has been paid more and more attention, and gradually changed from a course to a major. Many colleges open course and major on Busin...Due to the process of closer connection between China and the world, Business English has been paid more and more attention, and gradually changed from a course to a major. Many colleges open course and major on Business English.In this profession, therefore, bilingual teaching of business professional courses has become an inevitable trend. But unlike some other countries practicing bilingual teaching, China has its own characteristics. In the course of teaching, we find some problems on the bilingual teaching of Business English.We put forward some improvement measures so as to solve these problems.展开更多
Multilingual Education Programs Regulation was adopted and the implementation of bilingual educational reform started in Georgia in 2010. The paper presents research results on readiness of non-Georgian schools to imp...Multilingual Education Programs Regulation was adopted and the implementation of bilingual educational reform started in Georgia in 2010. The paper presents research results on readiness of non-Georgian schools to implement multilingual educational programs effectively. The research studied the important factors influencing the effectiveness of bilingual educational programs, specifically (1) type of program, (2) human resources of schools and teachers professional development, (3) bilingual education as shared vision for all school stakeholders, and (4) community and parental involvement in designing and implementation of bilingual educational programs. The following research methods were used during the research: (1) quantitative and qualitative content analysis of bilingual educational programs of 26 non-Georgian schools of Kvemo Kartli and Samtskhe-Javakheti regions of Georgia, (2) quantitative survey of non-Georgian school principals through questionnaires, and (3) quantitative survey of non-Georgian schools' teachers of different subjective groups through questionnaire. The study revealed that schools are implementing mostly "weak" bilingual educational programs. The schools implementing bilingual educational programs do not have sufficient human resources, bilingual education is not a shared vision for all school stakeholders and parents and community are not actively involved in designing and implementation of the programs.展开更多
Bilingual teaching vocational education is a topic that has been explored so long, this article select from bilingual teaching, content organization and arrangements, teaching methods, teaching methods and practices t...Bilingual teaching vocational education is a topic that has been explored so long, this article select from bilingual teaching, content organization and arrangements, teaching methods, teaching methods and practices to guide students to learn study from several aspects of the implementation of bilingual teaching Business Correspondence program, to achieve a better teaching results.展开更多
This study takes two undergraduate courses of Grade 2011 and 2012 of tourism management in an independent college as the sample, uses the questionnaires and the interviews to obtain the relevant data, analyzes the ten...This study takes two undergraduate courses of Grade 2011 and 2012 of tourism management in an independent college as the sample, uses the questionnaires and the interviews to obtain the relevant data, analyzes the tendency of the bilingual learning of the students, and then uses the data analysis to draw the factors influencing the bilingual teaching effect. Based on the above data analysis, the paper puts forward the composition elements and the implementation path of the bilingual teaching systems of the tourism management specialty in indeoendent colleges.展开更多
The application of bilingual teaching in vocational colleges is necessary choice of acting on international standards, promoting education reform, improving the competitive advantage of profession. As computer program...The application of bilingual teaching in vocational colleges is necessary choice of acting on international standards, promoting education reform, improving the competitive advantage of profession. As computer programming languages are developed in America with native English, it is of great significance for vocational college to promote bilingual education in computer programming courses. This paper analyzes the current teaching situation in vocational programming courses, describes the practice of bilingual teaching vocational programming from three aspects such as teaching resources, teaching methods and assessment methods to improve students' programming ability, and to promote development of bilingual education on vocational programming courses.展开更多
The purpose of the study was to use the Problem-Centered Double-Cycles Instructional Model (PCDC-IM) (1995, Chang) to help the teacher (Lin) implement model-eliciting activity (MEA) in her mathematics classes....The purpose of the study was to use the Problem-Centered Double-Cycles Instructional Model (PCDC-IM) (1995, Chang) to help the teacher (Lin) implement model-eliciting activity (MEA) in her mathematics classes. In this study, there were 31 students divided in 10 groups and engaged in the MEA "Who saved the oriental cherry trees". Data collections included the learning sheets, journals and debriefing forms of students, teaching and reflection journals, observation reports, and field notes of teachers, reflection journals and interview reports of researchers, video tapes and records of the classes and meetings. There were four parts of the teaching cycle in PCDC-IM, namely task, guidance, environment and analysis. We summarized developing and implementing the MEA in "Task" aspect, 5 principles and 5 kinds of teachers' roles in "Guidance" aspect, 2 elements and 5 features in "Environment" aspect and data in "Analysis" aspect. The findings showed that PCDC-IM was helpful for mathematics teachers who want to change their instruction from lecture into modeling teaching.展开更多
In order to revamp school bilingualism in FPE (Francophone primary education) in Cameroon some changes were brought about after the release of a new education orientation law in 1998. Those changes include the insti...In order to revamp school bilingualism in FPE (Francophone primary education) in Cameroon some changes were brought about after the release of a new education orientation law in 1998. Those changes include the institution of NSE (new syllabuses of English), the institution of an English paper at the end-of-primary school examination, the adoption new course books, the decision requesting all FPE teachers to teach English alongside other subjects This paper the data of which stem from a survey of teachers (n = 222), pupils (n = 589), parents (n = 293), and head teachers (n = 23) in some 30 schools of Yaounde proposes some strategies to help curb the crucial lack of qualified teachers, the high cost of teaching and learning materials and the glaring lack of motivation of teachers. Strategies include how to train specialist teachers in numbers, the institution of a BPB (bilingualism promotion bonus) to generate sustained motivation to teach, a substantial subsidization of course book production With these measures the promotion of French/English school bilingualism in Cameroon primary education may turn from the myth of Sisyphus it has become into a successful undertaking展开更多
Experiential learning is the opportunity to meld teaching with experience; "to do" the things students learn about in the classroom, yet outside the classroom walls. I am an instructor that embraces experiential lea...Experiential learning is the opportunity to meld teaching with experience; "to do" the things students learn about in the classroom, yet outside the classroom walls. I am an instructor that embraces experiential learning. Every other year, I lead a Chican@ Literature class which, after the semester is finished, culminates with a two-week excursion to New Mexico. While on-campus I highlight specific themes within Chicano narrative and poetry. Discussions focus on several key aspects regarding Chican@ Literature whose purpose is to create a voice for those whom have been marginalized within mainstream American culture. Chican@ Literature emphasizes a concept of origin which is reiterated in New Mexico through a sense of place in nature. A second topic often addressed in Chican@ Literature is the idea of aprendizaje. This is a journey of knowledge. In each episode experienced, the narrative voice gains a broader understanding of identity. This aprendizaje is also shared by my students as they gain a sense of self as defined by their own community in juxtaposition with their New Mexican fieldwork and the bilingual poetry they write. Lastly, Chican@ Literature often reveals an author or poet's personal culture clash or cultural fusion within the creative work itself. Once again, my students write about their own perspectives in a poetry workshop and presented their pieces during a poetry slam. Some of these pieces are included in this manuscript.展开更多
文摘This paper carefully probes into the main models of the bilingual education in the world, deeply analyses the conditions and requirements on the implementation of the bilingual education in our schools, and clearly differentiates TEFL and TESL as well as bilingual education. The writer thinks that in China we teach English as a foreign language instead of a second language, that the bilingual education is the supreme level of the foreign language acquisition, and that the final goal of the bilingual education is to make learners simultaneously think and use Chinese and English in both ways as well as communicate with one another in two languages according to the situational context. Therefore, it is not easy to practice the bilingual education in a country like China, which is still poor in the English language context. But the situation will change as China enters WTO and the globalization speeds up.
文摘English teaching in big classes, for Chinese college students, is the main channel to learn and practice English. In the process of a successful classroom teaching, students and teachers are required to cooperate with each other and mutually complete teaching activities in an enjoyable and harmonious atmosphere. This paper analyzes the current situation of College English teaching in China, and discusses the application of the methodology of "dual-way enjoyable teaching" in big classes, indicating that the classroom activities should be designed to enliven the class atmosphere, which is also the effective way to realize the aim of enjoyable teaching and enjoyable learning.
文摘Bilingual education is one of Chinese education directions in the 21st century. And constructivism is the educational foundation of bilingual education. This paper presents a study of teaching theory and the pattern of bilingual education. The current situation and the development of bilingual education are discussed as well.
文摘A number of studies show that bilingual education in private universities is worth studying in recent years, but its feasibility causes many debates at the same time which students are not as superior in both English proficiency and expertise as what we have expect- ed.However, it is undeniable that teaching process of teachers becomes significant influence on students' learning results. In my research I focus on the comprehensive view and procedures of teaching and set up the index system for evaluation of bilingual teaching process from teachers' perspective. In addition, I calculate the weighted value of each index at each level by using the root method, and determine the key success factors which affecting the quality of bilingual teaching process. Lastly, taking Oxbridge college as an example, I try to study what types of factors that constitutes conditions and limitations for a successful effect for bilingual teaching and to propose the solutions for improving and self-supervising in bilingual teaching process.
文摘Globalization and the soaring development of Chinese economy impose new requirements on bilingual instruction in Chinese higher education. It is the market economy mode of thinking that plays an important role in every respect of the cultivation of bilingual instruction. On this basis, the thesis explores the role of universities and colleges in terms of the strategy of bilingual instruction and the mechanism to inspire bilingual faculty and students.
基金Funding of Humanities and Social Science Fundation of Education Ministry (Grant No.11YJC790308)
文摘There are few papers in the literature focusing on the issue of the optimal depletion of exhaustible resources in the framework of variable time preference. This paper attempts to analyze the pure consumption of exhaustible resource under hy- perbolic time preference, and to discuss the optimal depletion rate and the effect of the protection of the exhaustible resource under different commitment abilities. The results of model show that the case of the hyperbolic discount with the full commitment of the govemment is equivalent to the case of constant discount of the social planner problem. In that case, the optimal depletion rate and the initial consumption of exhaustible resource are the slowest. On the contrary, they are the highest and the myopic behaviors lead to excessive consumption of exhaustible resources inevitably without commitment. Otherwise, in the case of partial commit- ment, the results are between the cases of full commitment and of no commitment. Therefore, with the hyperbolic time preference, the optimal depletion rate of resource depends on the commitment ability. Higher commitment ability leads to lower effective rate of time preference, and consequently, lower depletion rate and lower initial depletion value. The improvement of commitment ability can decrease the impatience and myopia behaviors, and contribute to the protection of the exhaustible resources.
基金Supported by the Program of Teaching Reform in Fujian Normal University.
文摘Recently bilingual teaching in China's universities has been widely carded out and become a popular subject for study. In this paper, the reasons for bilingual teaching of molecular biology are pointed out, the textbook of molecular biology and teaching method in bilingual teaching classes are determined after investigation and the practice of bilingually teaching molecular biology use both English and Chinese in a class. The effect has proved good. The bilingual teaching methods, the problem of bilingual teaching, the importance of understanding its significance and the possibilities of improving such teaching of the subject are also discussed.
文摘This paper is based on a study that was done to explore the perspectives of teacher candidates and faculty members of teacher education programs of a university of Arizona. The purpose of the study was to look into K-12 language teacher education programs in the backdrop of globalization. The data of the study came from a sample of 200 prospective teachers/candidates and students, and 24 faculty members/program administrators of teacher education programs of a university of Arizona. The results of the study showed that the majority of teacher candidates felt underprepared to teach diverse student populations. Similarly, most participants expressed their concerns over English-only policy of Arizona and they reported it as a major barrier for the education of English language learners.
文摘Bilingual education has been a buzzword in the mainland of China since the 21st century. China has the greatest population, who learn English as foreign language. Kindergartens and schools of all stages have English course. Therefore, there have been extensive studies and researches concerning bilingual education in the context of China. The effectiveness of bilingual education should be discussed and tested by more relevant studies. This paper introduces linguistic policies and phenomena in China, and reviews the current studies on bilingual education in China both at home and abroad. Finally, some implications for English teaching are put forward to inform teaching practitioners.
文摘Due to the process of closer connection between China and the world, Business English has been paid more and more attention, and gradually changed from a course to a major. Many colleges open course and major on Business English.In this profession, therefore, bilingual teaching of business professional courses has become an inevitable trend. But unlike some other countries practicing bilingual teaching, China has its own characteristics. In the course of teaching, we find some problems on the bilingual teaching of Business English.We put forward some improvement measures so as to solve these problems.
文摘Multilingual Education Programs Regulation was adopted and the implementation of bilingual educational reform started in Georgia in 2010. The paper presents research results on readiness of non-Georgian schools to implement multilingual educational programs effectively. The research studied the important factors influencing the effectiveness of bilingual educational programs, specifically (1) type of program, (2) human resources of schools and teachers professional development, (3) bilingual education as shared vision for all school stakeholders, and (4) community and parental involvement in designing and implementation of bilingual educational programs. The following research methods were used during the research: (1) quantitative and qualitative content analysis of bilingual educational programs of 26 non-Georgian schools of Kvemo Kartli and Samtskhe-Javakheti regions of Georgia, (2) quantitative survey of non-Georgian school principals through questionnaires, and (3) quantitative survey of non-Georgian schools' teachers of different subjective groups through questionnaire. The study revealed that schools are implementing mostly "weak" bilingual educational programs. The schools implementing bilingual educational programs do not have sufficient human resources, bilingual education is not a shared vision for all school stakeholders and parents and community are not actively involved in designing and implementation of the programs.
文摘Bilingual teaching vocational education is a topic that has been explored so long, this article select from bilingual teaching, content organization and arrangements, teaching methods, teaching methods and practices to guide students to learn study from several aspects of the implementation of bilingual teaching Business Correspondence program, to achieve a better teaching results.
文摘This study takes two undergraduate courses of Grade 2011 and 2012 of tourism management in an independent college as the sample, uses the questionnaires and the interviews to obtain the relevant data, analyzes the tendency of the bilingual learning of the students, and then uses the data analysis to draw the factors influencing the bilingual teaching effect. Based on the above data analysis, the paper puts forward the composition elements and the implementation path of the bilingual teaching systems of the tourism management specialty in indeoendent colleges.
文摘The application of bilingual teaching in vocational colleges is necessary choice of acting on international standards, promoting education reform, improving the competitive advantage of profession. As computer programming languages are developed in America with native English, it is of great significance for vocational college to promote bilingual education in computer programming courses. This paper analyzes the current teaching situation in vocational programming courses, describes the practice of bilingual teaching vocational programming from three aspects such as teaching resources, teaching methods and assessment methods to improve students' programming ability, and to promote development of bilingual education on vocational programming courses.
文摘The purpose of the study was to use the Problem-Centered Double-Cycles Instructional Model (PCDC-IM) (1995, Chang) to help the teacher (Lin) implement model-eliciting activity (MEA) in her mathematics classes. In this study, there were 31 students divided in 10 groups and engaged in the MEA "Who saved the oriental cherry trees". Data collections included the learning sheets, journals and debriefing forms of students, teaching and reflection journals, observation reports, and field notes of teachers, reflection journals and interview reports of researchers, video tapes and records of the classes and meetings. There were four parts of the teaching cycle in PCDC-IM, namely task, guidance, environment and analysis. We summarized developing and implementing the MEA in "Task" aspect, 5 principles and 5 kinds of teachers' roles in "Guidance" aspect, 2 elements and 5 features in "Environment" aspect and data in "Analysis" aspect. The findings showed that PCDC-IM was helpful for mathematics teachers who want to change their instruction from lecture into modeling teaching.
文摘In order to revamp school bilingualism in FPE (Francophone primary education) in Cameroon some changes were brought about after the release of a new education orientation law in 1998. Those changes include the institution of NSE (new syllabuses of English), the institution of an English paper at the end-of-primary school examination, the adoption new course books, the decision requesting all FPE teachers to teach English alongside other subjects This paper the data of which stem from a survey of teachers (n = 222), pupils (n = 589), parents (n = 293), and head teachers (n = 23) in some 30 schools of Yaounde proposes some strategies to help curb the crucial lack of qualified teachers, the high cost of teaching and learning materials and the glaring lack of motivation of teachers. Strategies include how to train specialist teachers in numbers, the institution of a BPB (bilingualism promotion bonus) to generate sustained motivation to teach, a substantial subsidization of course book production With these measures the promotion of French/English school bilingualism in Cameroon primary education may turn from the myth of Sisyphus it has become into a successful undertaking
文摘Experiential learning is the opportunity to meld teaching with experience; "to do" the things students learn about in the classroom, yet outside the classroom walls. I am an instructor that embraces experiential learning. Every other year, I lead a Chican@ Literature class which, after the semester is finished, culminates with a two-week excursion to New Mexico. While on-campus I highlight specific themes within Chicano narrative and poetry. Discussions focus on several key aspects regarding Chican@ Literature whose purpose is to create a voice for those whom have been marginalized within mainstream American culture. Chican@ Literature emphasizes a concept of origin which is reiterated in New Mexico through a sense of place in nature. A second topic often addressed in Chican@ Literature is the idea of aprendizaje. This is a journey of knowledge. In each episode experienced, the narrative voice gains a broader understanding of identity. This aprendizaje is also shared by my students as they gain a sense of self as defined by their own community in juxtaposition with their New Mexican fieldwork and the bilingual poetry they write. Lastly, Chican@ Literature often reveals an author or poet's personal culture clash or cultural fusion within the creative work itself. Once again, my students write about their own perspectives in a poetry workshop and presented their pieces during a poetry slam. Some of these pieces are included in this manuscript.