教师“发话”“接话”的行为特征及其改善——基于5个幼儿班教师行为的观察思考

作为师幼互动的主导者,教师的“发话”和“接话”不仅频率高、占时多,而且影响重大。以芜湖市两所幼儿园5个班(大班2个、中班2个、小班1个)的教学活动为样本,记录了239个教师“发话”和“接话”行为案例,并采用质性分析软件Nvivo12对案例进行编码和归纳。研究者将教师“发话”与“接话”行为分为发出指令、提供知识、提封闭性和开放性问题、接纳或拒绝幼儿的意见、行为、情感等几种类型。研究发现教师“发话”与“接话”行为存在“三维目标”上的问题,据此提出教师在知识与技能方面应及时总结知识点和用语规范,在过程与方法方面应多进行幼儿自行探究和师生合作的教学活动,在情感态度和价值观方面应阐述明确的价值观和树立以人为本的理念等建议。

Combating climate change calls for a global technological cooperation system built on the concept of ecological civilization

Climate change has been considered as the most paramount global environmental problem and the biggest externality throughout the history of human development. Accordingly, the world is facing unprecedented technological innovation and collaborative demands to deal with climate change. In the 2015 Paris Agreement, a long-term vision of technology development and transfer implementation was proposed, and policy and financial support for technological innovation in the area of climate change was advocated. These terms aim to enable developing countries to acquire the necessary technology in the early stage of the technology cycle to address climate change challenge. However, the traditional technological innovation and cooperation mode based on industrial civilization can hardly meet the technical demands of global climate protection. To ensure the continuous development and deployment of technology in a required scale and pace, a new global technical cooperation system is proposed to develop based on the philosophy of ecological civilization. The core contents of this system are supposed be as follows:to implement all-win cooperation targets, adhering to cooperation principles of Eco-man, adopt cooperation content that reflects synergy, pursue cooperation based on mutual trust, encourage participation of multiple actors, and promote sharing of cooperative outputs.

Ecological Democracy and Sustainability in Fragile Environment： Environmental Discourse in Select Pieces of Environmental Writing from India

Environmental writing has attained a new relevance in the 21st century. In the present scenario, environmental writing becomes a social discourse. This is the result of a new, vibrant and growing environmental constituency in societies such as Brazil, India, Thailand and other Third World Countries. The features of environmental writing include a visible concern for social justice, defence of livelihood and the determining part played by women. This new discourse has emerged with a new focus on redefinition of terms like human rights, common good, democracy and CPRs （common property resources）. Environmental Writing becomes a powerful discourse when it protests against the increasingly intrusive and interventionist developmental projects, implemented by the government, which in turn assert dominion over indigenous people of the land. There is also a strong emphasis on prudence among the poor as contrasted to the ecological profligacy of the rich. This paper is an attempt to examine the voices of dissent and the accountability of postmodern writers and environmental activists in India regarding environmental issues in India.

Designation and Realization of Softswitch-based Remote Video-monitoring System

In this paper, architecture of softswitch-based Next Generation Network (NGN) system and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) are studied briefly, and the problems on the openness and extensibility of normal remote video-monitoring system (RVMS) are analyzed. Then a RVMS framework model based on softswitch is given. Furthermore, designation and realization of the system based on T 6000 Softswitch Platform is provided. The innovation is considering the RVMS as a part of softswitch system. It is a feasible scheme for implementing next generation video-monitoring system based on broadband IP technique.

The Analysis of Critical Discourse From the Perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics

Critical discourse analysis, with its roots in the critical linguistics of East Anglia, is closely connected with systemic func- tional linguistics. This paper focuses on the relationship between systemic functional linguistics and critical discourse analysis, and illus-trates the future trend and significance of research on critical discourse analysis. Critical discourse analysis is increasingly becoming an a-cademic focus in linguistic field, its combination with other subjects contributes a lot to the social progress.

Applying a Process- and Dialogue-Centered Approach in Management Development at Loimaa Hospital

Management development has become a crucial element in the organizations function, and in the lives of their personnel, while working, learning. and developing have become more and more intimately interlinked. In a development-oriented working environment, there is a constant pressure to become ＂better＂, and this necessitates planned, strategic development programs. This paper examines the development of a process- and dialogue-centered approach and its implementation in a hospital environment. The production of information, learning, and professional expertise are seen as strongly dialogic and context-bound processes. During 2010-2011, a project to promote a patient-centered approach in nursing care and organizational reform was carried out at Loimaa Hospital, funded both from the Hospital＇s own resources and with the aid of a grant from the Finnish Work Environment Fund. The goals of the development process were： to reinforce the restructuring of services provision in the Hospital＇s departments; to support the spontaneously launched peer networking among charge nurses and assistant charge nurses; to model a patient-centered approach by means of mentoring; and to reinforce dialogic team working in pairs on the wards. This paper summarises the project＇s findings and describes the principles of the process-centered development.

An rFC based service triggering algorithm for IMS network

To reduce the potential signaling traffic in IP multimedia subsystem （IMS）, the session establishment procedures were investigated. The serving call session eontrol function （S-CSCF） is the major bottleneck in IMS and the existing 3GPP service triggering algorithm （STA） based on initial filter eriteria （iFC） increases the end-to-end session setup delay remarkably. To reduce the session setup delay and improve the system performanee, a SIP response message based filter criteria （rFC） was proposed. Based on the rFC, a SIP response message based STA （RSTA） was further proposed. The modeling and theoretical analysis of 3GPP STA and RSTA were presented. Simulation results show that, compared with 3GPP STA, the RSTA can avoid the additional signaling traffie load of the S-CSCF and application server （AS） effectively, reduce the session setup delay eonsiderably, increase the throughput of the S-CSCF and improve the quality of service （QoS） of IMS network.

Power consumption model of sector breathing based congestion control in mobile network

According to Cooper＇s law, the number of conversations per location doubles every two and a half years. Therefore, congestion control has become a promising research area. Nowadays small cell deployment has become a solution to deal with congestion. If large numbers of small cells are allocated for congestion control, then two critical issues will arise： densification and interference management. In such a scenario sector breathing can offer low power congestion control by avoiding densification problem. This paper proposes a power consumption model for sector breathing based congestion control in a mobile network. With sector breathing, a congested cell is sectored at an angle of 60° or 120°. The congested sectors are then identified. The lightly loaded neighbour cells of the congested sector are sectored at 60°. The sectors of the lightly loaded cell capture the border region customers of the adjacent congested sector by increasing the coverage area. When the transmitter antenna of the adjacent lightly loaded sector expands coverage to provide service to the subscribers residing at the border region of the congested sector, the transmitter antenna of the congested sector reduces its coverage area. The simulation results indicate that sector breathing reduces the power transmission of the BS antennas by approximately 6-75% and 62-75% compared cell breathing and dense femtocell allocation based congestion controls respectively. Simulation results also show that sector breathing reduces the power consumption of the BS antennas by approximately 6-64% and 8240% compared with the cell breathing and dense femtocell allocation based congestion controls, respectively. Hence sector breathing is a green congestion control approach.

China＇s Developing Open Economy： Myths and Realities

Both academia and actual economic sectors have certain misunderstandings regarding the development of China＇s open economy. Since its accession to the WTO, China has in fact had an open economy and not an ＂export-oriented＂ economy. China＇s trade imbalance in the global economy is merely a result of economic disparities between the world＇s more- and less- developed regions combined with the rational optimization of resources. The current situation, wherein China appears to be heavily export-oriented, stems naturally from the real economy moving towards a dynamic equilibrium against a backdrop of economic globalization and deepening international specialization. We have concluded that domestic consumption and external demand reinforce each other, and the development of an open economy in China is therefore not at odds with expanding domestic consumption.

All Conversations About Love Are the Same

In The Metaphysics of Love, Schopenhauer argues that love is a literary invention. For the philosopher, this feeling was a creation of men to mask the real desire. On the other hand, Nicolas Grimaldi, while analysing Marcel Proust＇s work, enumerates a series of issues that strengthen Schopenhauer＇s arguments. For Grimaldi, the writer explains the literary character of love in its work. Through the analysis of four films, from different cinematography, this work intends to explore the issue of the representation of love in the art of film. In an attempt to understand how film uses its formal and discursive resources to present or represent this feeling, this paper analyses films chosen on the basis of how they tell their love stories. Beginning with Gertrud whose motto, Omnia Love says it all. In The Woman Next Door, Truffaut reveals the paradox of love and pain. Wings of Desire speaks of love and redemption. More recently, Kiarostami offered his Certified Copy, a film that asks whether a copy can produce in us the same thrill of an original. If love is an invention of literature, this paper seeks to understand how such an invention is born, and what it consists in modern and contemporary cinema.

Heading for Dialogue Teaching： On Strategies of Constructing Ideal Discourse Environment

As one of the directions of the college classroom teaching reform, constructing dialogue teaching should be the trend to cultivate students＇ deep thinking ability. This paper, based on the analysis of the teaching dialogue objective and textual environment, recognizes that promoting the students deep thinking should be the fundamental goal of teaching dialogue and constructing an ideal textual environment is the premise of teaching dialogue. The study taking ＂Market Survey and Forecast＂ course for the pilot, makes exploration based on ＂flipped classroom＂ in the full use of network learning platform. The analysis of differences in teaching dialogue among students with different academic achievement, as well as the analysis of factors on students involved in teaching dialogue behavior show that in the construction of the textual environment, the cultivation of students＇ autonomic learning ability is the foundation of dialogue teaching, the enhancement of students＇ cooperative learning ability is the core of dialogue teaching, and the establishment of the community of classroom learning is the main line of dialogue teaching.

Classic of Mountains and Seas and the Origin of White Jade Worship： On the Myths of the Yellow Emperor＇s Eating Jade and Queen Mother of the West＇s Presenting the White Jade Ring

The white jade worship, born in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, brought about a ＂Protestant Revolution＂ in the development history of Chinese jade mythology, which had deep influence on the nation＇s ideology and material production in the following 3,000 years. The myths of the Yellow Emperor＇s eating the white jade cream and the Queen Mother of the West living in Kunlun Jade Mountain, as recorded in Classic of Mountains and Seas, are mythological imaginations of the historical reality that the jades were spread from the West to the East and recreated by people living in the early state of the Central Plains. All such motifs, no matter the white jade cream that produced black jades, the Yellow Emperor＇s planting the jade flowers, the Kunlun Jade Mountains （the Mountain of Jades） where the Queen Mother of the West lives or the Jade Lake, clearly show Chinese indigenous worship for the white jades. Scholars like Su Xuelin and Ling Chunsheng think that Queen Mother of the West is the goddess of the moon that originated from the old West Asian civilization. However, such idea is full of contradictions and flaws after the discovery of Chinese unique worship for white jades and the holy mountain of Kunlun. The book Classic of Mountains and Seas, with records of 140 mountains that produce jades and 16 mountains that produce white jades, can be the white jade worshippers＇ bible to explore the holy material resources.

The Design of Gear Parameters Visual System based on LISP

Article use Visual LISP development tools and DCL dialog technology, which implements the standard straight teeth, a two- dimensional cylindrical gear paranaetric drawing on AutoCAD platform, with easy to operate and improve design efficiency. We achieved that using the dialog box design input parameters, and gear parts of the design calculations, parameters proofreading and all kinds of gear design drawing different structures by programming. The output is fully automated computer-aided design system. The results show that the design of the system significantly improves the efficiency of the part design.

Recalculating the Significance of Secondary and Tertiary Industries for Industrial Restructuring： Truth and Myth

By analyzing the efficiency, supply and demand of the three industries, and the foreign trade of developed countries, this paper argues： the ever-increasing proportion of the tertiary industry in developed countries has not yetproved that tertiary industry is the direction of industrial advance nor the tertiary industry is superior over the secondary industry. By estimating China＇s industrial structure with PPP-based industrial data, this paper argues that the proportion of China＇s secondary industry in its GDP is not as high as expected. China will still rely on its secondary industry for further growth because China＇s labor-intensive industries still possess the most comparative advantage and global competitiveness.

Joint Press Release of the Third "1+6"Roundtable

China's Premier Li Keqiang of the State Council,together with World Bank Group (WBG)President Jim Yong Kim,International Monetary Fund (IMF)Managing Director Christine Lagarde,World Trade Organization (WTO)Director-General Roberto Azevedo,Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Secretary-General Angel Gurria,Financial Stability Board (FSB) Chairman Mark Carney and International Labor Organization (ILO) Deputy Director-General Deborah Greenfield (hereinafter referred to as "we"),held the "1+6"Roundtable in Beijing,and reached the following common understanding.