“退让”与“叠加”——源于建筑造型的思考

建筑设计是一个复杂的创作过程,任何作品都不可避免地交织着"退让"或"叠加"。基于人们对建筑造型、风格取向的不同理解,从建筑造型的重要性入手,阐述了"退让"与"叠加"是建筑造型设计最基本的处理手法,并用具体实例论证了二者在建筑创作中的应用,进而引发人们对建筑造型的再思考。

浅谈古诗词中“叠加”情感的艺术手法

统编教材必修上第三单元一共有8首古诗词,分别是曹操的《短歌行》、陶渊明的《归园田居》、李白的《梦游天姥吟留别》、杜甫的《登高》、白居易的《琵琶行》,以及宋词三首:苏轼的《念奴娇•赤壁怀古》、辛弃疾的《永遇乐•京口北固亭怀古》、李清照的《声声慢》。这个单元主题为“生命的诗意”,几首诗歌从不同的角度表达了作者对生命的认识,对人生的思考。除了内容方面,在写法上也有很多相通之处。其中,有几首诗词作者为了表达情感,集中笔墨,反复诉说、渲染,使所表达的情感一层累加一层,一层深入一层,这种“叠加”情感的艺术手法体现了非常高的创作水准,形成了非常好的艺术效果,其中,以《登高》《琵琶行》和《声声慢》三首最为典型。

“叠加嵌入”:地方高师院校卓越教师培养模式的创新——以合肥师范学院为例

大力培养高素质师范生,为基础教育输送优良师资,是当前高等师范院校肩负的重要任务。合肥师范学院积极探索"卓越教师"培养的新模式,将高起点、综合化的理论教学内容"嵌入"到学科专业教学中,将"分层次渐进式全程化"的实践实训环节"叠加"到理论教学过程中,紧密与地方中小学合作施行"双导师制",对学生进行"校内"与"校外"的双向指导,探索着一条体现学校办学特色的"叠加嵌入"的卓越教师培养新路径。

技能教育与思政教育“叠加实训”教学方案研究重要性——以高职商务英语专业为例

高职教育作为我国高等教育的重要组成部分为社会培养大量专业人才,实训教学正是培养专业人才综合职业素养的重要平台。以高职商务英语专业为例,通过探索技能教育与思政教育"叠加实训"教学方案研究现状、必要性、价值意义及内容思路,明确研究重要性,进而引起高职教育者重视。

原创性概念的“叠加困境”及其破解路径——以“农民理性”的概念辨析为例

原创性概念是建构自主性学科体系的重要基石。然而,原创性概念往往会面临多重困境:第一重是概念建构不明的困境;第二重是概念解释不清的困境;第三重是概念传播不开的困境。上述三重困境因相互作用而产生“叠加困境”。通过对原创性概念建构维度进行反思可发现,引发“叠加困境”的根源在于概念受到场域、方法、时间、学科和视角的限定。寻求范式上的对话可为破解“叠加困境”提供有效路径:首先,在“经验与概念”的对话中实现原创性概念的学术转化;其次,在“历史与现实”的对话中把握原创性概念的时空互动;最后,在“概念与概念”的对话中畅通原创性概念的学科交流。

Forming mechanism of ultrasonic vibration assisted compression

To study the mechanism of ultrasonic vibration assisted forming,the static and vibration assisted compression tests of aluminum 1050 were carried out via a 25 kHz high-frequency ultrasonic vibration device.It is found that vibration reduces the flow resistance and improves the surface topography.The force reduction level is proportional to the ultrasonic vibration amplitude.By using numerical simulation of static and vibration assisted compression tests,the deformation characteristics of material were investigated.Throughout the vibration,the friction between the materials and tools reduces.The stress superposition and friction effects are found to be two major reasons for reducing the force.However,the force reduction because of stress superposition and friction effects is still less than the actual force reduction from the tests,which suggests that softening effect may be one of the other reasons to reduce the force.

Studies on phase and group velocities from acoustic logging

It is still argued whether we measure phase or group velocities using acoustic logging tools. In this paper, three kinds of models are used to investigate this problem by theoretical analyses and numerical simulations. First, we use the plane-wave superposition model containing two plane waves with different velocities and able to change the values of phase velocity and group velocity. The numerical results show that whether phase velocity is higher or lower than group velocity, using the slowness-time coherence （STC） method we can only get phase velocities. Second, according to the results of the dispersion analysis and branch-cut integration, in a rigid boundary borehole model the results of dispersion curves and the waveforms of the first-order mode show that the velocities obtained by the STC method are phase velocities while group velocities obtained by arrival time picking. Finally, dipole logging in a slow formation model is investigated using dispersion analysis and real-axis integration. The results of dispersion curves and full wave trains show similar conclusions as the borehole model with rigid boundary conditions.

网络计划技术工期索赔综合分析方法

根据网络计划技术在工程进度控制中的应用 ,结合工程项目工期索赔的特征和对监理工程师处理工期索赔的要求 ,提出了基于网络计划技术的工期索赔综合分析方法以及分析中“叠加效应”和“发散效应”的处理 ,以利于监理工程师公平、公正地处理工期索赔 ,提高其监理工作质量和效能 ,维护业主和承包商的合法权益 .并通过对某分部工程的工期索赔处理的实例分析说明网络计划技术在处理工期索赔中的作用 .

Influence of electron-beam superposition welding on intermetallic layer of Cu/Ti joint

QCr0.8 was electron-beam welded to TC4 and the effect of the intermetallic layer （IMC-layer） on the mechanical properties of the joint was investigated. The IMC-layers are joint weaknesses at the Cu fusion line in centered welding and at the Ti fusion line when the beam is deviated towards Cu. A new method referred to as electron-beam superposition welding was presented, and the optimal welding sequence was considered. The IMC-layer produced by centered welding was fragmented and remelted during Cu-side non-centered welding, giving a finely structured compound layer and improved mechanical properties of the joint. The tensile strength of joint is 276.0 MPa, 76.7% that of the base metal.

Successful application of optimized aperture based CRS stack in the Shengli exploration area

The common reflection surface （CRS） stack is based on the local dip of the reflector and the reflection response within the first Fresnel zone. During the CRS stack all the information given by a multi-coverage reflection dataset can be successfully utilized. By now, it is known as the best zero-offset （ZO） imaging method. In this paper high quality CRS kinematic parameter sections are obtained by a modified CRS optimization strategy. Then stack apertures are calculated using the parameter sections which finally results in the realization of the CRS stack based on optimized aperture. Thus the advantages of CRS parameters are fully developed. Application to model and real seismic data reveals that, compared with the image section by a conventional CRS stack, the image section by CRS stack based on an optimized aperture improves both the signal-to-noise ratio and the continuity of reflection events.

论多样性的现代含义与中国人类学学科体系建构

文化多样性的科学含义是指通过文化"一体化二重性"(特殊进化与一般进化、本土文化与外来文化)的"叠加创新",不断整合、创新和超越,建设"高势位"的文化,实现人类多元文化的"高势和存"。建构中国人类学学科体系也必须遵循"叠加创新"的方针。200年来,西方人类学学科对象和学科体系发生"偏移",产生严重危害。因此,应重构人类学学科体系,建立包含主体人类学、文化人类学和体质人类学三个大分支学科在内的中国人类学创新体系,以担负起中国人类学的历史使命。

论国家核心价值体系“高势位”建设的目标诉求与方针

"全球化"时代必须重新认识"价值信仰"系统的地位和特性,文明的实质是以"价值信仰"系统为纽带的"生存共同体"。"价值信仰"系统是文明发轫的前提、文明凝聚力的基础、文明的动力源泉和文明有序与无序的"晴雨表",具有结构性、流动性和合法性,必须"高势位"建构。"高势位"国家核心价值体系建设的目标是具有五种优秀品格——真理性品格、民族性品格、时代性品格、包容性品格和自觉性品格。"全球化"时代,国家核心价值体系建设必须实行"叠加创新"方针,通过"叠加创新"和"高势位"建设,实现人类文化和文明的"高势和存"。

高职院校思想政治理论课实践教学顶层设计探究——基于工学结合人才培养模式

高等职业教育工学结合人才培养模式的改革,客观上要求思想政治理论课实践教学必须采取顶层设计。顶层设计需要明确思想政治理论课实践教学的类型和开展方式;统筹安排思想政治理论课实践教学的组织管理;确保实践教学的实施。对"叠加教学"的组织管理流程及其需要关注的问题进行了分析。指出实施实践教学的保障包括教学管理、实践基地、经费和课酬等。

Distribution of contact loads in crushed zone between tunnel boring machine disc cutter and rock

The construction efficiency and quality of tunnel boring machines(TBMs)is largely determined by the service life of cutting tools,which is the result of contact loads in the crushed zone between cutter ring and rock.In this paper,a series of rock breaking tests were conducted with a 216 mm diameter disc cutter and concrete samples.Based on the superposition principle,the distribution of contact loads between disc cutter and rock were obtained by using the truncated singular value decomposition(TSVD).The results show that both the peak value and the whole numerical distribution of the radial strains on the cutter ring increase with the increase of the penetration.The distribution curves of the contact loads show an approximate parabola going downwards,which indicates contact loads are more concentrated.The front non-loading area with a ratio from 1.8%to 5.4%shows an increasing trend with the increase of penetration.However,the change of rear non-loading area is not obvious.It is believed that the conclusions have guidance for the study of rock breaking mechanism and manufacturing process of the disc cutter.

Numerical analysis of deformation and failure characteristics of deep roadway surrounding rock under static-dynamic coupling stress

In actual production,deep coal mine roadways are often under typical static-dynamic coupling stress(SDCS)conditions with high ground stress and strong dynamic disturbances.With the increasing number of disasters and accidents induced by SDCS conditions,the safe and efficient production of coal mines is seriously threatened.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study the deformation and failure characteristics of the roadway surrounding rock under SDCS.In this paper,the effects of different in-situ stress fields and dynamic load conditions on the surrounding rock are studied by numerical simulations,and the deformation and failure characteristics are obtained.According to the simulation results,the horizontal stress,vertical stress and dynamic disturbance have a positive correlation with the plastic failure of the surrounding rock.Among these factors,the influence of the dynamic disturbance is the most substantial.Under the same stress conditions,the extents of deformation and plastic failure of the roof and ribs are always greater than those of the floor.The effect of horizontal stresses on the roadway deformation is more notable than that of vertical stresses.The results indicate that for the roadway under high-stress conditions,the in-situ stress test must be strengthened first.After determining the magnitude of the in-situ stress,the location of the roadway should be reasonably arranged in the design to optimize the mining sequence.For roadways that are strongly disturbed by dynamic loads,rock supports(rebar/cable bolts,steel set etc.)that are capable of maintaining their effectiveness without failure after certain dynamic loads are required.The results of this study contribute to understanding the characteristics of the roadway deformation and failure under SDCS,and can be used to provide a basis for the support design and optimization under similar geological and geotechnical circumstances.

Superposed disturbance mechanism of sequential overlying strata collapse for gob-side entry retaining and corresponding control strategies

Gob-area roof rupture movement is a key disturbance factor for gob-side entry retaining.The characteristics of gob-area sequential roof collapse of overlying strata and superposed disturbance mechanism for gob-side entry retaining are obtained via physical simulation and theoretical analysis,in which the scope of disturbed strata is enlarged from main roof to fracture zone.The experiment reveals that as a working face advances,roof strata sequentially collapse from bottom to top and produce multiple disturbances to gob-side entry retaining.Key strata among the overlying strata control each collapse.Main roof subsidence is divided into three stages:flexure subsidence prior to rupture,rotational subsidence during rupture and compressive subsidence after rupture.The amounts of deformation evident in each of the three stages are 15%,55%and 30%,respectively.After the master stratum collapses,main roof subsidence approaches its maximum value.The final span of the key stratum determines the moment and cycling of gob-side entry retaining disturbances.Main roof subsidence influences the load on the filling wall.The sequential roof collapse of overlying strata results in fluctuations in the gob-side entry retaining deformation.Calculation formulae for the final span of the key stratum and the filling wall load are obtained via theoretical analysis.A control method for the stability of the gob-side entry retaining’s surrounding rock is proposed,which includes 3 measures:a“dual-layer”proactive anchorage support,roadside filling with dynamic strength matching and auxiliary support during disturbance.Finally,the gob-side entry retaining of the Xiaoqing mine E1403 working face is presented as an engineering case capable of verifying the validity of the research conclusions.

Risk evaluation of rock burst through theory of static and dynamic stresses superposition

Rock burst is one of the most catastrophic dynamic hazards in coal mining. A static and dynamic stresses superposition-based(SDSS-based) risk evaluation method of rock burst was proposed to pre-evaluate rock burst risk. Theoretical basis of this method is the stress criterion incurring rock burst and rock burst risk is evaluated according to the closeness degree of the total stress(due to the superposition of static stress in the coal and dynamic stress induced by tremors) with the critical stress. In addition, risk evaluation criterion of rock burst was established by defining the "Satisfaction Degree" of static stress. Furthermore,the method was used to pre-evaluate rock burst risk degree and prejudge endangered area of an insular longwall face in Nanshan Coal Mine in China. Results show that rock burst risk is moderate at advance extent of 97 m, strong at advance extent of 97-131 m,and extremely strong(i.e. inevitable to occur) when advance extent exceeds 131 m(mining is prohibited in this case). The section of two gateways whose floor abuts 15-3 coal seam is a susceptible area prone to rock burst. Evaluation results were further compared with rock bursts and tremors detected by microseismic monitoring. Comparison results indicate that evaluation results are consistent with microseismic monitoring, which proves the method's feasibility.

Common reflection surface stack using dip decomposition for rugged surface topography

We present an extension of the Common Reflection Surface （CRS） stack that provides support for an arbitrary top surface topography. CRS stacking can be applied to the original prestack data without the need for any elevation statics. The CRS-stacked zero- offset section can be corrected （redatumed） to a given planar level by kinematic wave field attributes. The seismic processing results indicate that the CRS stacked section for rugged surface topography is better than the conventional stacked section for S/N ratio and better continuity of reflection events. Considering the multiple paths of zero-offset rays, the method deals with reflection information coming from different dips and performs the stack using the method of dip decomposition, which improves the kinematic and dynamic character of CRS stacked sections.