[Objective] The aim was to investigate the effect of four extraction meth- ods on extraction ratio of 11-α-Hydroxy-Canerenone from biotransformation broth. [Method] Previous reported method, soaking, elution method a...[Objective] The aim was to investigate the effect of four extraction meth- ods on extraction ratio of 11-α-Hydroxy-Canerenone from biotransformation broth. [Method] Previous reported method, soaking, elution method and homogenate meth- ods were used. [Result] Results showed that more than 90% of the biotransformed 11-α-Hydroxy-Canerenone existed in the broth supernatant and mycelia surface. Elu- tion and soaking methods were effective for 11-α-Hydroxy-Canerenone extraction. Extraction yields of 96.0% and 98.8% were obtained by eluting with 400 ml of ethy- lacetate and soaking with ethylacetate for 90 min, respectively. [Conelusion] The method is simple and efficient, showing industrial application potential.展开更多
A judgment criterion to guarantee a point to be a Chen' s approximate zero of Newton method for solving nonlinear equation is sought by dominating sequence techniques. The criterion is based on the fact that the d...A judgment criterion to guarantee a point to be a Chen' s approximate zero of Newton method for solving nonlinear equation is sought by dominating sequence techniques. The criterion is based on the fact that the dominating function may have only one simple positive zero, assuming that the operator is weak Lipschitz continuous, which is much more relaxed and can be checked much more easily than Lipschitz continuous in practice. It is demonstrated that a Chen' s approximate zero may not be a Smale' s approximate zero. The error estimate obtained indicated the convergent order when we use |f(x) | < ε to stop computation in software.The result can also be applied for solving partial derivative and integration equations.展开更多
Published in 1977, in the peak of Chicanismo--the social, cultural, and political movements that brought raza consciousness and profoundly influenced the creation of a modern Chicano/Chicana identity--Nash Candelaria...Published in 1977, in the peak of Chicanismo--the social, cultural, and political movements that brought raza consciousness and profoundly influenced the creation of a modern Chicano/Chicana identity--Nash Candelaria＇s novel, Memories of the Alhambra, reflects a complex vision of the concept of home. For the two generations of Chicanos （U.S. citizens） depicted in the novel, the United States represents the site of postcolonial tensions and （b）order-ed negotiations of a postmodern Chicano/Chicana identity through ethnic reinvention. This paper aims at analyzing the postcolonial significance of the home, as a geographical, ontological, and national space, and Candelaria＇s association of the concept with a postmodern and mestizo identity.展开更多
New LIDAR （Light Detection and Ranging） and sonar imagery have revealed remarkable geomorphic details never seen before and not visible by any other means. Numerous faults and other geologic structures are plainly v...New LIDAR （Light Detection and Ranging） and sonar imagery have revealed remarkable geomorphic details never seen before and not visible by any other means. Numerous faults and other geologic structures are plainly visible on LIDAR and sonar images. Many previously unknown faults criss-cross the islands and large fault scarps are visible on sonar imagery along the margins of the larger islands. Sonar images of sea floor morphology show many submerged faults as long linear scarps with relief up to 300m （1,000 fl）, some of which visibly truncate geologic structures. The San Juan Lopez fault, the largest fault in the islands, extends for at least 65 km （40 mi） from Stuart Island to Rosario strait with a scarp up to 330m （1,000 it） high. Since 1975, the basic structural framework of the San Juan Islands has been considered to consist of five stacked thrust faults, the Rosario, Orcas, Haro, Lopez, and Buck Bay faults, constituting the San Juan Thrust （Nappe） System that has shuffled together far distant terranes. However, the new LIDAR and sonar imagery shows that most of the mapped extent of these postulated faults are actually segments of high angle, dipslip faults and are not thrust faults at all. Thus, the San Juan Thrust （Nappe） System does not exist. The age of these faults is not accurately known and more than one period of high angle faulting may have occurred. Faults shown on L1DAR images of the surface of the islands appear as visible gashes, etched out by erosion of fault zones with few fault scarps. However, the sea floor faults have bold relief and high scarps. A late Pleistocene moraine lies undisturbed across the San Juan Lopez fault.展开更多
In China, Qanats are found solely in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, this system has greatly contributed since long ago to local livelihood, especially agriculture. Today, there are around 600 Qanats in Xinjiang...In China, Qanats are found solely in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, this system has greatly contributed since long ago to local livelihood, especially agriculture. Today, there are around 600 Qanats in Xinjiang, located especially in Turpan and Hami pefectures. Uygur people are the main users of the Qanat, they are not only using the techniques of construction and maintenance but they are also integrating Qanat into their culture. Today, Qanats in China are facing more and more crises with the local developmental impacts from enlarging farmland, groundwater over-extraction, seasonal water shortages, costly management, and conflicts of the interest, etc.. According to some studies, the number of Qanats in Xinjiang was reduced from 1,784 in 1950 to 600 today, which are equivalent to a decline of 23 Qanats per eventually come to end in the coming decades if we do not have year. Consequently, many experts are concerned that Qanats will effective efforts for their maintenance. It is a fact that Qanat is still able to adapt to the local environment, the local livelihood and against climate change, it cannot be converted to other hydraulic system in the arid environment of Xinjiang so far, but it is also challenged by current developments, especially rising amount of water consumption and costly maintenance. This paper aims to discuss the currently situation of Qanats in Xinjiang of China and their protection and sustainable use in a context of current development of industry, urbanization and local environmental change.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31101269)Industrial Sciences and Technology Supporting Project of Zhenjiang City(GY2011006)+3 种基金International Foundation for Science(F 4930-1)Bio-zymosis and Food Additive Engineering Research Center of Jiangxi ProvinceScientific Technology Condition Platform Establishment Project of Jiangxi(2010DTZ01900)Scientific Research Fund of Jiangsu University(10A229,10A080)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to investigate the effect of four extraction meth- ods on extraction ratio of 11-α-Hydroxy-Canerenone from biotransformation broth. [Method] Previous reported method, soaking, elution method and homogenate meth- ods were used. [Result] Results showed that more than 90% of the biotransformed 11-α-Hydroxy-Canerenone existed in the broth supernatant and mycelia surface. Elu- tion and soaking methods were effective for 11-α-Hydroxy-Canerenone extraction. Extraction yields of 96.0% and 98.8% were obtained by eluting with 400 ml of ethy- lacetate and soaking with ethylacetate for 90 min, respectively. [Conelusion] The method is simple and efficient, showing industrial application potential.
文摘A judgment criterion to guarantee a point to be a Chen' s approximate zero of Newton method for solving nonlinear equation is sought by dominating sequence techniques. The criterion is based on the fact that the dominating function may have only one simple positive zero, assuming that the operator is weak Lipschitz continuous, which is much more relaxed and can be checked much more easily than Lipschitz continuous in practice. It is demonstrated that a Chen' s approximate zero may not be a Smale' s approximate zero. The error estimate obtained indicated the convergent order when we use |f(x) | < ε to stop computation in software.The result can also be applied for solving partial derivative and integration equations.
文摘Published in 1977, in the peak of Chicanismo--the social, cultural, and political movements that brought raza consciousness and profoundly influenced the creation of a modern Chicano/Chicana identity--Nash Candelaria＇s novel, Memories of the Alhambra, reflects a complex vision of the concept of home. For the two generations of Chicanos （U.S. citizens） depicted in the novel, the United States represents the site of postcolonial tensions and （b）order-ed negotiations of a postmodern Chicano/Chicana identity through ethnic reinvention. This paper aims at analyzing the postcolonial significance of the home, as a geographical, ontological, and national space, and Candelaria＇s association of the concept with a postmodern and mestizo identity.
文摘New LIDAR （Light Detection and Ranging） and sonar imagery have revealed remarkable geomorphic details never seen before and not visible by any other means. Numerous faults and other geologic structures are plainly visible on LIDAR and sonar images. Many previously unknown faults criss-cross the islands and large fault scarps are visible on sonar imagery along the margins of the larger islands. Sonar images of sea floor morphology show many submerged faults as long linear scarps with relief up to 300m （1,000 fl）, some of which visibly truncate geologic structures. The San Juan Lopez fault, the largest fault in the islands, extends for at least 65 km （40 mi） from Stuart Island to Rosario strait with a scarp up to 330m （1,000 it） high. Since 1975, the basic structural framework of the San Juan Islands has been considered to consist of five stacked thrust faults, the Rosario, Orcas, Haro, Lopez, and Buck Bay faults, constituting the San Juan Thrust （Nappe） System that has shuffled together far distant terranes. However, the new LIDAR and sonar imagery shows that most of the mapped extent of these postulated faults are actually segments of high angle, dipslip faults and are not thrust faults at all. Thus, the San Juan Thrust （Nappe） System does not exist. The age of these faults is not accurately known and more than one period of high angle faulting may have occurred. Faults shown on L1DAR images of the surface of the islands appear as visible gashes, etched out by erosion of fault zones with few fault scarps. However, the sea floor faults have bold relief and high scarps. A late Pleistocene moraine lies undisturbed across the San Juan Lopez fault.
文摘In China, Qanats are found solely in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, this system has greatly contributed since long ago to local livelihood, especially agriculture. Today, there are around 600 Qanats in Xinjiang, located especially in Turpan and Hami pefectures. Uygur people are the main users of the Qanat, they are not only using the techniques of construction and maintenance but they are also integrating Qanat into their culture. Today, Qanats in China are facing more and more crises with the local developmental impacts from enlarging farmland, groundwater over-extraction, seasonal water shortages, costly management, and conflicts of the interest, etc.. According to some studies, the number of Qanats in Xinjiang was reduced from 1,784 in 1950 to 600 today, which are equivalent to a decline of 23 Qanats per eventually come to end in the coming decades if we do not have year. Consequently, many experts are concerned that Qanats will effective efforts for their maintenance. It is a fact that Qanat is still able to adapt to the local environment, the local livelihood and against climate change, it cannot be converted to other hydraulic system in the arid environment of Xinjiang so far, but it is also challenged by current developments, especially rising amount of water consumption and costly maintenance. This paper aims to discuss the currently situation of Qanats in Xinjiang of China and their protection and sustainable use in a context of current development of industry, urbanization and local environmental change.
