Urbanization in modern times led to a series of development strategies that brought new opportunities in China. Rapid urbanization caused severe stress to the ecosystems and the environment. Using the center-of-gravit...Urbanization in modern times led to a series of development strategies that brought new opportunities in China. Rapid urbanization caused severe stress to the ecosystems and the environment. Using the center-of-gravity(COG) method and parameters such as population, economy, and land, we studied the urbanization pattern in Songhua River Basin and its southern source sub-basin from 1990 to 2010. Urbanization was analyzed based on the COG position, eccentric distance, movement direction of COG, and distance of COG movement. Various characteristics of urbanization in the southern source sub-basin of the Songhua River were explained in relation to the whole Songhua River Basin. Urbanization in the southern source sub-basin of the Songhua River is balanced, relatively advanced, and stable compared to the whole Songhua River Basin. The average eccentric distance between the urbanization COGs in the Songhua River′s south source basin indicated rapid expansion of land urbanization during the span of this study. A basic pattern of urbanization COG in the whole Songhua Basin was observed, but there existed differences among the three aspects of urbanization process. Land urbanization is still in its active stage, so future studies should focus on analysis of such urbanization trends.展开更多
Globalization accelerates the speed of migration in the world and challenges the traditional citizenship based on nation-state. Similarly, China has been undergoing a huge movement of domestic migration, more than 200...Globalization accelerates the speed of migration in the world and challenges the traditional citizenship based on nation-state. Similarly, China has been undergoing a huge movement of domestic migration, more than 200 million farmers moving into cities and towns from the countryside, under the impact of modernization and globalization; this creates a great challenge to its traditional citizenship. The paper includes five parts and will： 1 ） give an overview of the whole process of this huge migration since the Reform and Opening Up at the end of the 1970s ; 2 ） analyze the internal and international dynamics of migration and particularly its great challenges to citizens＇ civil rights, obhgation, and identity; 3 ） illustrate Chinese policies dealing with the new large migration; 4, ） assess the essential changes in citizenship from this migration; and 5 ） find its meaning and consequence in terms of political philosophy.展开更多
基金National Key Technologies R&D Program(No.2012BAD22B04)Talent Introduction Project of Jilin Province
文摘Urbanization in modern times led to a series of development strategies that brought new opportunities in China. Rapid urbanization caused severe stress to the ecosystems and the environment. Using the center-of-gravity(COG) method and parameters such as population, economy, and land, we studied the urbanization pattern in Songhua River Basin and its southern source sub-basin from 1990 to 2010. Urbanization was analyzed based on the COG position, eccentric distance, movement direction of COG, and distance of COG movement. Various characteristics of urbanization in the southern source sub-basin of the Songhua River were explained in relation to the whole Songhua River Basin. Urbanization in the southern source sub-basin of the Songhua River is balanced, relatively advanced, and stable compared to the whole Songhua River Basin. The average eccentric distance between the urbanization COGs in the Songhua River′s south source basin indicated rapid expansion of land urbanization during the span of this study. A basic pattern of urbanization COG in the whole Songhua Basin was observed, but there existed differences among the three aspects of urbanization process. Land urbanization is still in its active stage, so future studies should focus on analysis of such urbanization trends.
文摘Globalization accelerates the speed of migration in the world and challenges the traditional citizenship based on nation-state. Similarly, China has been undergoing a huge movement of domestic migration, more than 200 million farmers moving into cities and towns from the countryside, under the impact of modernization and globalization; this creates a great challenge to its traditional citizenship. The paper includes five parts and will： 1 ） give an overview of the whole process of this huge migration since the Reform and Opening Up at the end of the 1970s ; 2 ） analyze the internal and international dynamics of migration and particularly its great challenges to citizens＇ civil rights, obhgation, and identity; 3 ） illustrate Chinese policies dealing with the new large migration; 4, ） assess the essential changes in citizenship from this migration; and 5 ） find its meaning and consequence in terms of political philosophy.
