从民俗研究重新认识中国“城市性”

中国城市是否具有“城市性”是涉及城市史研究范畴、研究目的等关系学科建设的基本理论问题,也是关系中国城市史研究学科独立性的关键问题。近年来社会文化史的兴起,开辟了城市史研究的新视角。特别是历史人类学在民俗研究中形成的治学方法和成功经验有可能为审视中国城市的“城市性”带来新思路。如以“人”为中心的转向可以推动城市史研究者从社会、文化等更具有人文性的视角去衡量中国的“城市性”,从而超越城市的物质层面,深入城市的精神内核;从“结构过程”观察中国城市的结构要素可以为中国“城市性”的存在提供确凿依据;对城市民间文献和口述史料的搜集和利用可以推动城市史研究者从学者思维向民众思维转变,实现自下而上探索中国“城市性”,从而有助于中国“城市性”问题实现新突破。

Supply Problems of Sales Points Performance in City Centres： Results of the DORED Program Survey Research

The paper regards to problems of sales point performance being situated in the centres of big cities in Poland. Problems are investigated with the use of surveys being carried out in 900 sales points according to author＇s DORED （DORED-dobre rozwiazania dla dostaw in Polish, good solutions for delivery in English） program performance. The DORED program has been mentioned for the first time in Logistics （a Polish newspaper） in February, 2005. The developed topic has been the pilot project of DORED program. That was in Wroclaw City （Poland）, where the regions of Przedmiescie swidnickie were the first test of method of the DORED program. The mentioned topic has encompassed the city logistic problems, land transportation and movement organization performance in the city centres.