论高士文化的精神内涵及其对景德镇瓷画艺术的影响

"士"文化是我国古代文化不断发展的重要标志之一,同是历代文人墨客的至高向往和追寻。高士精神不仅是我国古代文人墨客追求的最高精神境界,也是我国传统文化的精髓,对绘画、陶瓷等视觉艺术产生了深远的影响。"士"文化中对于高士情操与逸致的追寻也长期反映在景德镇瓷画中,为陶瓷艺术与陶瓷文化的创作和发展注入新鲜的血液。

浅谈陶渊明诗歌中的隐士文化

陶渊明是东晋隐士文化的代表人物,他为诗歌开辟了一个新的天地,对后世产生了积极的、深远的影响。陶渊明诗歌中的隐士文化主要有以下表现：洁身自好,远离官场;热爱自然,崇尚自由;躬耕南野,与民同乐;空怀理想,寄情桃园。本文试图通过对陶诗的分析,揭示这一文化现象的内涵和特点。

错位和缺失:事业单位绩效工资改革的文化反思

绩效考核在理论和实践中隐藏着4个假设:还原主义的认识论假设、生物进化论的行为模式假设、"经济人"假设、无限理性假设。从组织文化的角度来看,"经济人"假设的错位应用和员工权力缺失,是事业单位工资改革出现"绩效考核形式化"、"绩效工资权力化"的原因。任何管理制度在设计时,必须遵循固有的思维方式和特定的价值理念,而实施的效果取决于价值理念与组织文化是否相一致。

一位绝代佳丽的文化命运遭际——谈三个王昭君的人物形象

王昭君在马致远、郭沫若和曹禺的笔下分别以不同的形象出现。在马致远的《汉宫秋》里 ,她是一位富有民族节烈光环的明妃 ;在郭沫若的《王昭君》里 ,她是具有叛逆意识的娜拉 ;而在曹禺的《王昭君》里 ,她又成了肩负民族和解使命的阏氏。这不同的形象 ,分别是作者所处时代的不同时代精神的映现。但这三个形象有一点相同的是 ,她们都是中国传统的“士”的精神的载体 ,不过这种“士”的精神只是一种守成性的 ,而不是创造性的。

孤独的背影——从《北京法源寺》看近代化历程中士大夫的探索与冲突

一部戊戌变法的历史,折射出近代中国社会转型期不同阶层对于物质、精神文明的不同探索,反映出社会变革的共性特征与中国政治制度独有的复杂面貌。历朝历代的新政大都以失败告终,其根源在于传统道德秩序的阻碍。这不是一个统治者或者几个"先驱"的问题,而是整个社会"集团"强大的文化阻力造成的。

马意象与中国古代马与人恩怨的审美阐释

在古代文人“士不遇”文化模式里，马与人的恩怨，也带有士与恩主之间的主客对等性。由此派生出对于马识明主、辨忠奸能力的放大。马的神化导致画马、玉马等都可变真马。由于正统观念和宝马英雄模式的深层作用，良驹神骏也并不是逢主即忠，其效忠的是真主、真英雄。人与动物意识之间的互渗，当是马意象活跃的一个重要动因。

论民政院校的大学精神

孺子牛精神是全国民政系统一贯倡导的行业精神,工匠精神是高等职业教育的特质,"士"文化精神体现了责任、道义、良知等卓越的人格品质,以孺子牛精神、"士"文化精神、工匠精神熔铸民政大学精神,彰显民政高等职业教育特色,履行民政大学使命,助推民政事业跨越式发展。

Southern Appalachian Woman Preachers and Their Sermons

This article inquires into how the maintenance of the residual practice of inspired preaching broadcast over the radio by Southern Appalachian Pentecostals, offers an accepted means by which women gain the power to articulate the conflicts, desires and contradictions of their culture. The democratic ethos of Pentecostalism declares that all people who feel the call to preach must be given that opportunity which opens a space of women＇s voices within the traditionally male ＂preacher culture.＂ Because radio lacks the visual component, and inspired preaching is deemed valid by its effect of the body, women may preach over the radio without the potential for sexual display that could arouse men visually. By examining the content and delivery of women＇s sermons using studies in melodrama, the article explores the nature and articulation of dramatic conflicts, points of difference, and especially issues of the body as lived by the women of southern Appalachia. Thereby, the article locates sites of resistance and conflicts with power both within and without the region. Using Gramcian notions of hegemony, negotiation and consent, it explores how a particular culture successfully elaborates itself through language and how Appalachian women critique their culture without risk of dramatic change.

Existing Building Challenge and CONCERTO Project

If Europe is to achieve the planned transition to a low carbon economy by 2050, succeeding in improving the energy efficiency of the largely inefficient existing building stock will be pivotal. Certain energy efficiency retrofitting obligations have now emerged as part of the EU＇s Energy Performance in Buildings Directive and the Energy Efficiency Directive. Challenges for retrofitting currently include gaps in technical skills both amongst building trades and professionals, a lack of awareness of building owners and users, concerns about compromising cultural heritage as well as a lack of viable business models, comparatively high cost and resulting long pay-back periods currently hamper the progress. Lessons can be drawn here form the EU-funded initiative CONCERTO, which helped 58 communities in 23 countries to reduce their dependence on conventional energy supply by implementing energy efficiency measures and integrating renewable energy sources not at single building scale but community scale. Almost all of these entailed retrofitting activities bad to find solutions to the issues mentioned. This paper presents a selection of conclusions regarding retrofitting to be drawn from the analysis undertaken under the project CONCERTO premium, which analysed outcomes across the 58 projects on behalf of the European Commission and focuses in particular on the political relevance of outcomes.

A Cross-Cultural Comparison of the Issue of Self-Knowledge in Sophocles＇ Oedipus Tyrannus, Shakespeare＇s Hamlet and the Bhagavadgita

Greek and Shakespearean tragic truth emerges from pollution, moral brokenness, and pain. This also applies to the tragic truth of the Indian epics, except that this karmic kind of truth is not considered decisive. Crucial in the Indian case is cosmic truth, and Hindu cosmic truth is never produced out of pollution or pain. In Arjuna＇s case, Krishna＇s revelatory knowledge is religiously saving knowledge, whereas in Oedipus＇ case, Apollo＇s and Teiresias＇ revelatory knowledge is religiously dooming knowledge. In Hamlet＇s case, religiously saving knowledge is an object of theological speculation and of philosophical doubt. In the Hindu case, self-knowledge means absolute knowledge and ultimate liberation; in the Greek case, self-knowledge means self-discovery and the recognition of human fragility; in the Shakespearean case, self-knowledge means self-exploration and doubting oneself.

Unfaithfulness or Expressiveness？ On KU Hung-ming＇s Translation of Chinese Classics From the Perspective of Translation Norms

As a beak with the traditional ＂prescriptive＂ approach and an important complement to translation theories, translation norms thus open up a descriptive and target-oriented perspective for the translation practice and study. For the successful access of the translation text into the target culture, the translator has to make choices between two languages, texts and cultures, etc.. Thus the translation norms are revealed. This paper shows the operation of translation norms as seen from the English version of Chinese classics by KU Hung-ming and analyzes why KU Hung-ming＇s translation of Confucian classics such as Lun Yu and Zhong Yong enjoyed greater popularity among Western readers than the translation of Western missionaries. The paper also holds that the unfaithful translations regarded by a source text-oriented approach were actually where KU was most successful in implementing his translation strategies to achieve expressiveness.

Rerouting King Lear in a Jingju Actor＇ s Reminiscence： Wu Hsing-kuo＇s Lear Is Here

Jingju actor and director Wu Hsing-kuo＇s （吴兴国） Lear Is Here （2001） is a 90-minute solo performance adapted from Shakespeare＇s King Lear and performed injingju style. In this performance, he alternately performs 10 male and female characters including himself injingju role types ofsheng （male）, dan （female）,jing （painted face）, mo, and chou （clown） in search 0f dual identities. This paper will investigate Wu＇s performance in Lear Is Here from three directions： First, how Wu subtly combines Shakespearean dramatic tension and psychological complex, his versatilejingju performing styles, and Brechtian alienation effect in developing his unique artistic flair？ What are at stake of such an eclectic performance？ Second, in the rooting and re-routing of both Shakespearean plays andjingju acting style where Wu Hsing-kuo meets King Lear, how Wu articulates the meticulous details of both source culture and target culture while at once extracting them out of context to interweave and re-articulate them into an eclectic intercultural theater？ Third, investigating the cultural exchange, bicroleurs, audience reception, and production mode of the work, the author will try to do away with the ＂authenticity＂ or ＂representativeness＂ of either the East or the West, but explore the possibilities of the hybrid theater in search of alternative aesthetic and emerging performance genre

Radio Preaching in Southern Appalachia

Appalachian inspired Pentecostal radio preaching maintains the Protestant legacy of that region first settled through the medium of radio. These sermons are characterized by high levels of affect in delivery, and serve to differentiate ＂preacher culture＂ from those denominations that abandoned their original heritage for admittance into middle class status. Thus, preacher culture is an act of both religious and class descent because they are ＂inspired＂ by the Holy Spirit （that is, not composed before delivery）. Gramscian notions of hegemony are used to interpret how ＂preacher culture＂ has maintained itself since the settlement by the northern British and the Scots to Appalachia. The genre of melodrama and ＂preacher culture＂ share significant parallels and content, dynamics of presentational styles, and because of these basic parallels, theories of melodrama offer analytical methods for analysis of the content of the inspired sermons and the way of life they elaborate. Gramscian notions of negotiation and consent are used to analyze the maintenance of ＂preacher culture＂, which maintains both tradition and cultural specificity that is characteristic of southern Appalachia.

Maxine Hong Kingston＇s The woman warrior： Misrepresentation of Chinese traditional culture and its relationship with movies

Chinese-American literature that grew up at the end of 1960s and the beginning of 1970s not only increased in quantity but also broke through in theme and genre. From 1970s, Chinese-American literature has developed by leaps and bounds and a group of outstanding and innovative writers also appeared who earned the respect of literary critics and enjoyed a large number of American readers--for example, Maxine Hong Kingston （1940-） and Amy Tan （1952-） as novelists and David Henry Hwang （1957-） as a playwright. The woman warrior in particular is regarded as the work that marks the rise of Chinese-American literature in modem American literary history. This paper intends to argue the investigation of individual identity of Maxine Hong Kingston as a Chinese-American woman and the deliberate misinterpretation of Chinese traditions in The woman warrior. In addition, to create the collective identity of Chinese-Americans, the author actually takes the way of traditional Chinese movies that she has inherited and uses the highlights which are most appreciated by the Westerners to cater to their interests and fantasies.

Aspiring for competence in a multifaceted everyday life:A qualitative study of adult students’experiences of a blended learning master programme in Norway

Aim:To gain knowledge of how adult students experienced the first year of a blended learning master programme to better understand their learning process.Methods:A qualitative,exploratory,descriptive study based on data from two focus group interviews with students attending a blended learning Master programme.Qualitative content analysis based on Graneheim and Lundman’s procedures was applied.Findings:Our analyses revealed one main theme:aspiring for competence in a multifaceted everyday life and four main categories:acquiring professional competence,struggling to manage diverse forms of communication,demanding task juggling and confused student role.Conclusions:The participants experienced that the programme enabled them to acquire professional competence relevant to practice.Despite the challenges,the programme is recommended for prospective students who live in both urban and rural areas,who are working and also responsible for children and other family tasks.

Theatrical Hybridity, Thy Name Is Conflict： A Case Study on Holo Taiwan Residents Opera Troupe＇s Tai Tzu Fu Chou （The Prince＇s Vengeful Plan）

Holo Taiwan Residents Opera Troupe has produced a series of intercultural performances in Taiwan Residents Opera since the troupe adapted Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol＇s （1809-1852） The Government Inspector in 1996. In fact, there is a huge controversy over these intercultural performances which fuse western drama with traditional Taiwan Residents performing art because such a kind of theatrical hybridity lacks the spirit of the original and damages the aesthetics of native performing art practice. In 2002, Holo adapted William Shakespeare＇s Hamlet into a six-hour-long performance, Tai Tzu Fu Chou （The Prince＇s Vengeful Plan）, which the troupe tried to explore new source for traditional Taiwan Residents Opera and expected to bring something new to Taiwan Residents audience. However, The Prince＇s Vengeful Plan is considered ＂cultural collage＂ as well as an unsuccessful intercultural performance. Besides, The Prince＇s Vengeful Plan is accused to blaspheme Shakespeare because the performance merely maintains the frame of the original and distorts the spirit of the original. According to Rustom Bharucha, the most problematic aspect of intercultural performance is ＂de-historicizing tendency＂, and such a condition explains why Holo＇s The Prince＇s Vengeful Plan cannot transcend the original. In order to detect the problems of intercultural adaptation in Holo＇s The Prince Vengeful Plan, we cover the related issues in three aspects： （1） to discuss the development of Taiwan Residents Opera in Taiwan; （2） to explore the cultural conflicts when the text of the source culture is adapted into the performance of the target culture; and （3） to see how and why the spirit and aesthetics of Shakespeare＇s verses in Hamlet are distorted in Holo＇s theatrical adaptation. After that, we expect to conclude the impossibility of adapting Shakespeare＇s play into traditional Taiwan Residents Opera in the case of Holo＇s The Prince＇s Vengeful Plan.

Lusitan Identity Paradoxes Revealed by Fado Songs

This paper briefly presents the methods and the results of the investigation conducted within the doctoral study. The goal is to investigate the phenomenon of fado songs in the context of cultural transformations that take place in the uniting Europe. During the investigation, we tried to verify the problem of national and cultural identity of the Portuguese and their attitude towards ethno-cultural auto-identification in fado. According to the research results, the Portuguese are profoundly conscious of the relation between fado and their national and cultural identity. The results show that the Portuguese also consider the songs so strongly tied to their own nation, history, and places in Portugal, that this makes impossible for the foreigners to understand the message （even though some listeners claim, that they ＂feel＂ fado, though not being able to understand the lyrics）. The research results proved that the Portuguese consider fado as a carrier of their identity, or even ＂Portuguese soul＂.

Japanese Cooperation for Urban Planning in the Old Capital of Damascus

Historic cities are cultural achievements that are gradually created by inhabitants over the centuries. In developed countries, the conservation of historic cities seems to be generally acknowledged as a method of community development that does not depend on huge exploitation. On the other hand, no sufficient countermeasures have been taken in developing countries because most native stakeholders are still interested in development. Here the author could focus on so-called ＂international cooperation＂, but urban conservation for historic cities where inhabitants actually live is still a minor consideration except for some government-based conservation projects for monuments and isolated examples of cultural heritage. In this paper, the example was taken of a conservation project which has been carried out by JICA （Japanese International Cooperation Agency） in Damascus, the old capital of Syria. The target area for the project is ＂Qanawat South＂. Although the origin of＂Qanawat South＂ dates back to the Roman age, efforts for urban conservation have not been well organized, partly because the area is located outside of the so-called old city registered as a world heritage site. For example, the master plan of 1968 indicated the redistribution of the traditional quarters, while some conservation laws have been restricting the regeneration of the area. Moreover, there is not yet any consensus among the stakeholders concerning the historical value of the quarter, they are still questioning why the area should be conserved rather than being freely sold or developed and what and how they should contribute to conservation. Based on analysis of the actual situation of Qasr al-Hajjaj Street, this paper examines a method called ＂restoration-type＂ facade improvement adopted by JICA, for which the final goal is not only to maintain the appearance of the street but also to activate the life of the habitants of the street.

A Study on English Teaching for Postgraduates Under the Background of＂the Silk Road Culture＂

When visiting Kazakhstan,President Xi Jinping proposed the strategic project to build the＂ Silk Road economic zone＂ . Under this background,the study of postgraduate students＇ English teaching is very important.This paper analyzes the historical status of the Silk Road,the significance of culture teaching of Silk Road countries,presents the study of the main elements and its implementation approaches of the Silk Road culture teaching in postgraduate students＇ English class,with the purpose of making more educators to participate in the＂ Silk Road economic zone＂ construction.

Intercultural Logical Analysis of Business Communication From Daoism and Vagueness

This paper discusses the interconnection between the Daoism and vagueness. On one hand, it summarizes the viewpoints of vagueness proposed by numerous scholars, displaying the function of such expressions, stressing the affirmative role; on the other hand, it launches the term into the Chinese first philosophy Daoism, revealing the links of these two good brothers. Then, the paper argues about the insights of the logics put forward by the Chinese and the Western professionals, drawing on the conclusion that the Daoism is concerned with the Dao of vagueness. It is a fuzzy set as well as logics of dialectics with reversion reasoning. The two high context terms resemble the cultures of the East and West. The integration can contribute to the success in business communication. No universal way can guide the business interaction; our heart and soul can soften all the discrepancy and conflict. Harmony can be achieved through a variety of Daoes, each cultural group bearing their own vagueness, silence, rhetoric, and reasoning. The logics of the Dao in business communication are in your eyes, your mouth, your hands, and your heart and soul in particular.