“大作业”模式在石油工程专业课程教学中的应用探讨——以《试井分析》课程为例

结合近年来石油行业低迷对石油工程专业学生学习兴趣与其信心冲击的形势,以及专业认证的背景,提出了专业教学过程中从传统作业转变向课程“大作业”模式的教学方法,探讨了其必要性、可行性及实施办法,并以《试井分析》课程的应用为例,认为“大作业”模式可弥补传统作业在知识点布局单一化、固定化及潜在抄袭等方面存在的不足,能充分而有效调动学生的积极性,提高其对专业课程的学习兴趣,并促进课程知识点的融会贯通与实际应用,进而提高学生的专业综合应用能力和自信心,应对行业低迷对人才培养环节的诸多挑战。

能源专业设计类课程“大作业”一体化教学模式探索与实践

基于能源与动力工程专业设计课程现状进行学情分析,以工程教育专业认证标准和地方高校能源专业人才培养目标为依据,践行“以学生为中心”,确定专业设计课程群顶层设计。逆向思维,建立多层次专业设计课程群体系,以“大作业”综合实践案例作为教学驱动贯穿设计教学全过程,采取多路径实践教学,探索能源专业设计课程教学改革与实践。

基于“大作业观”的“声音”单元作业设计

“大作业观”的作业设计变革,是实现作业减量提质的重要途径。本文以科学学科核心素养为导向,在“大作业观”视域下,进行单元作业的设计、实施与评价。包括:基于课标分析、学情分析和课程内容分析,设定单元作业目标;设计并实施单元作业任务,注重情境性、整合性和实践性;构建素养导向的过程性评价和终结性评价,检验单元作业的实施效果。通过融合“大作业观”教学理念的单元作业设计,有效提高学生的学习兴趣,提升学生的探究能力和创新能力,发展学生的科学学科核心素养。

Local Contribution Method for Efficiency of Large Plates

From the measurement of liquid flow field on a large plate by a hot-film anemometer, three different regions on the large plate were presented, including a liquid circulation area near the inlet down-comer, a region with very slow moving or stagnant liquid on the side of the tray and an active flow region at the center of the plate. According to the contribution of the three regions, the tray efficiency for large plates was proposed. The prediction plate efficiency by the present model are compared with the experimental data in the literature and those calculated by other models. It is shown that the present model is more accurate for prediction of efficiency of large plates, and the calculation is simpler.

Development and Application of Hydrocracking Catalysts RHC-1/RHC-5 for Maximizing High Quality Chemical Raw Materials Yield

To adapt to the change in the demand of the oil refining market,two hydrocracking catalysts,RHC-1 and RHC-5,were developed to improve the quality of tail oil.The catalysts were designed based on the theory of selective ring-opening.By selecting more acidic molecular sieves,the problem of poor selectivity of conventional materials can be solved to properly match up to the hydrogenation performance of catalysts.Compared with the performance of previous catalysts,the quality of the tail oil achieved by the said catalysts is better,and the BMCI is reduced by 1—2 units.In the long cycle operation of the petroleum industry,the good quality of the tail oil has been verified and the adaptability of the process conditions is good.When the RHC-1 catalyst is used to process heavy feed under medium pressure,a BMCI value of about12 can be obtained along with a nearly 60%yield of tail oil.The total yield of chemical raw material(steaming cracking feed+catalytic reforming feed)can exceed 80%,and the hydrogen consumption has dropped by nearly 50%as compared to the conventional hydrocracking conversion rate.When processing a mixed CGO and VGO feed with the full conversion mode under a hydrogen pressure of 13.0 MPa,the RHC-5 catalyst can yield about 68.4%of heavy naphtha with a potential aromatic content of up to 50.6,while the total yield of chemical raw materials can reach more than 98%.The results of industrial application of these catalysts show that more than 30%of high quality tail oil can be obtained via processing of inferior quality feed,and its BMCI value can reach 10.7.The total yield of chemical raw materials can reach more than65%.The industrial operation process has implemented two operating cycles totaling 8 years.

Genetic Algorithm for Scheduling Reentrant Jobs on Parallel Machines with a Remote Server

This paper considers a reentrant scheduling problem on parallel primary machines with a remote server machine, which is required to carry out the setup operation. In this problem, each job has three operations. The first and last operations are performed by the same primary machine, implying the reentrance, and the second operation is processed on the single server machine. The order of jobs is predetermined in our context. The challenge is to assign jobs to the primary machines to minimize the makespan. We develop a genetic algorithm(GA) to solve this problem. Based on a simple strategy of assigning jobs in batches on the parallel primary machines, the standardized random key vector representation is employed to split the jobs into batches. Comparisons among the proposed algorithm, the branch and bound(BB) algorithm and the heuristic algorithm, coordinated scheduling(CS), which is only one heuristic algorithm to solve this problem in the literature, are made on the benchmark data. The computational experiments show that the proposed genetic algorithm outperforms the heuristic CS and the maximum relative improvement rate in the makespan is 1.66%.

Studies on the Allelopathic Potential of Corn （Zea mays L.） Aqueous Extracts and Root Exudates

This investigation was carried out at Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry-University of Duhok/Kurdistan-Iraq. Three experiments were included in this investigation： （1） First experiment was a bioassay related to the germination performance, shoot and root development of corn （Zea mays L.） and peanut （Arachishypogaea） at two concentrations of root （3% and 1.5%） and shoot （12% and 6%） aqueous extracts of corn medium; （2） The second experiment dedicated to the intercropping of corn and peanut at four treatments; （3） While the third experiment involved the effect of peanut root exudation on growth of corn. Experiment results revealed that corn shoot and root water extracts highly inhibited seed germination of both corn and peanut, the inhibitory of shoot extract was more than root aqueous extract. While its effect on the seedling growth was vice versa as compared with control treatment, there was an increase in root and shoot length of both corn and peanut when grown in corn aqueous extracts. Intercropping experiment results has stimulated most traits of peanut under studying. Also for corn, there was apparent and significant increase in all characteristics as compared with control. It was further confirmed from the results of peanut root exudates that had all studied characters of corn were stimulated than the control treatment.

The Effectiveness of Coccinellids as Natural Enemies of Aphids in Maize, Beans and Cowpeas Intercrop

A field study was conducted in Busia district of Kenya to elucidate the dynamics of ladybirds in mixed stands of maize, beans and cowpeas to determine their efficacy as sole control measures for Aphids. Maize, beans and cowpeas were intercropped using conventional husbandry practices and the general Coccinellid quantified as follows： Colonies of four Coccinellids, starved for 12 hours to enhance feeding on Aphids were assessed. The effects of weather on the abundance of Coccinellids were also investigated and involved collection of meteorological data from the Busia District Agricultural Office （BDAO） and from Busia Farmers Training Centre （BFTC） and relating them to the abundance and predation values. The predator population was most abundant in the mixed stands of maize and beans （2.33 predators/30 Aphids） as compared to their occurrence in pure stands of cowpeas （0.85 predators/30 Aphids）. The genus Cheilomenes spp. was the most ubiquitous predator with a mean of 4.00 individuals/30 Aphids while Hippodamia variegata was the least abundant predator species with a mean of 0.92 individuals/30 Aphids in all the agro-ecosystems. The larvae of Hippodamia variegata were the most bio-efficient, consuming 32.44 Aphids while their adults were the least bio-efficient, consuming 4.22 individuals for a period of 12 hours. The Coccinellids consumed more Aphids at higher aphid densities （24.05 Aphids） than at lower aphid densities （9.44 Aphids） over the same period of time. Rainfall and relative humidity had significant （F = 3.675; P 〈 0.05） effects on the abundance of Coccinellids. Temperature had significant （F = 3.58; P 〈 0.05） effect on the abundance of Coccinellids though at a lower level. Rainfall （r = -0.162） and relative humidity （r = - 0.084） were both inversely correlated with the abundance of Coccinellids. On the other hand, temperature was positively correlated （r = 0.159） with the prevalence of Coccinellids indicating that warmer and drier conditions favoured their multiplication.

A review of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation in oil and gas well drilling

The prospect of employing Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation(LASER) for well drilling in oil and gas industry was examined.In this work,the experimental works carried out on various oil well drilling operations was discussed.The results show that,LASER or LASER-aided oil and gas well drilling has many potential advantages over conventional rotary drilling,including high penetration rate,reduction or elimination of tripping,casing,bit costs,enhanced well control,as well as perforating and side-tracking capabilities.The investigation also reveals that modern infrared LASERs have a higher rate of rock cuttings removal than that of conventional rotary drilling and flame-jet spallation.It also reveals that LASER can destroy rock without damaging formation permeability but rather,it enhances or improves permeability and that permeability and porosity increases in all rock types.The paper has therefore provided more knowledge on the potential value to drilling operations and techniques using LASER.

A Study on Group Work in College English Collaborative Teaching

Nowadays, collaborative teaching has become an original and effective teaching strategy, which has been generally accepted in many countries. It is an effective means to cultivate and train students＇ language using ability and their autonomous learning ability. The core of collaborative teaching is making students accomplish a common learning goal via group work. In view of the current situation of college English teaching, this paper has explored issues on the group work in collaborative teaching, including group work designing, group work implementing and group work evaluating. In addition, it has discussed with examples the merits and demerits of group work and come up with concrete measures for improvement so as to further promote college English teaching reforms.

Analysis of Collaborations Between Small-Medium Companies and Universities Based on Joint Research Projects

University-industry collaborations have been recognized as an important factor for the creation of innovation. Although the university-industry collaborations have been mainly conducted by large companies in Japan so far, the small-medium companies rather than large companies are accumulated in regional areas. However, there are a lot of problems in the university-industry collaborations of the small-medium companies. In this paper, the collaborations between small-medium companies and universities are analyzed based on joint research projects. The results show that the joint research projects of small-medium companies for collaboration partners are not conducted enough. Moreover, the results also show that the average budget per project of small-medium companies is low according to the detailed data of Niigata University. The active area of company and university in research and development is discussed. The stage map that proceeds to commercialization for the collaborations between small-medium companies and universities is made and discussed. Based on these results, the problems of the university-industry collaborations of small-medium companies for collaboration partners are extracted.

Study of the Influence of Critical Radius on the Cloud Drops Formation in the Seeding Operations

In the seeding operations in order to mitigate the climatic changes or to intervene beneficently on the precipitations process, it is very important to know the roll of the critical radius size of the cloud drops formation and its posterior evolution. In the seeding operations programs, the fundament is to determinate the critical radius in order to obtain efficient results. So, it must consider （a） the critical radius size necessary in order to get the better results; （b） the atmospheric conditions that determine it. In order to get a methodology to calculate the critical radius in each atmospheric condition, the present work has been developed. And with them, it can estimate the nuclei size necessary in order to assure good seeding. The authors had obtained approximate values that were good enough to the goals.

Service Learning at National Taipei College of Business, 2012-2013＂ New Perspectives on Community, Peer-Based Education

Service learning （also known as peer learning） has received increased attention in tertiary education. By linking learning with authentic volunteer work experience, service learning bridges the gap between theoretical study and practical reality. This practice can increase students＇ professional knowledge, educational development, self-esteem, and awareness of social responsibility. Service learning became a mandatory requirement for all students at National Taipei College of Business （NTCB; now National Taipei University of Business） in 2011, and this is the focus of this study, extending into the 2012 school year. This course-based program allows undergraduate language majors to put their language skills into practice by teaching peers, and also through other volunteer work. This program has greatly benefitted undergraduate students at the school. This study will examine course data, student reports, and interviews with student teachers. The researchers have documented the implementation of the peer-mentor program at NTCB, and the learning gains experienced among students and the professors who assisted in these processes.

Regional Disparities in China's Mainland at Provincial Level Between 2000 and 2005

Based on the methodology provided by Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development,we analyze regional disparities in China's mainland at provincial level between 2000 and 2005.It regards regional GDP growth as the joint result of contribution of a number of factors,i.e.capital productivity,capital per manpower,specialization,employment rate,active population,and population.The results show that for all provincial units,capital per manpower is a dominant contributing factor to the growth of GDP per capita during the period from 2000 to 2005 while capital productivity has quite significant negative impacts.Specialization contributes differently in different provinces.In most provincial units,employment rate and age activity have a positive impact on growth of GDP per capita,though not very significantly.

A Sustainable Agriculture Production Model of Pampanga State Agricultural University in Central Luzon, Philippines

Alternative Low-Input Agriculture Systems （ALIAS） center advocates organic and sustainable food production system through farm/field demonstration and piloting. The center undertakes activities, including research and development, extension and training, technology dissemination, linkaging and promotional activities. The study established a campus-based demonstration technology showcasing ALIAS to facilitate easy technology diffusion. The objectives of this research were to promote： （1） bio-fertilizers and plant-based pesticides in managing insect pests and diseases of organic vegetables and fruit crops; （2） lotus-tilapia integration as a new modality of farming system in frequently flooded areas; （3） honeybee as pollinators to enhance productivity of organic vegetable and fruit crops; （4） Adlai as intercrop to organic vegetable and fruit crops in support to rice sufficiency; （5） native chicken-coffee integration. The results show that： （1） microbial inoculants and plant-based pesticides are effective in controlling diseases and insect pest, respectively; （2） lotus integration in tilapia production system have no negative effect on the tilapia yield; （3） honeybees as pollinators enhances fruit setting by 42%-68% in different crops; （4） Adlai is a viable intercrop for organic vegetable and fruit crops; （5） native chicken integration was found to be beneficial in terms of soil fertility, insect pest control, natural weeding practices and cultivation in the coffee plantation.

Interlanguage Fossilization in Chinese EFL Writing --An Empirical Research of 20 English Major Students

This research is designed to investigate interlanguage fossilization in Chinese college students＇ written output. Twelve common linguistic errors from 20 Chinese EFL （English as a foreign language） learners＇ writing assignments are observed. Results show that among 12 typical errors, five types of errors are declining while the rest are increasing, indicating a tendency towards fossilization. Analysis shows that negative/corrective feedback has played a key role in reducing fossilization of some errors, but it does not work in every case. Some errors tend to be fossilized for several reasons. First, language items that do not have a direct form-function relationship are likely to be fossilized. Second, advanced learners create their own language system and neglect the basic rules of grammar. Third, task difficulty takes learners＇ attention away from form to meaning. Fourth, ingrained thinking patterns have a great impact on how learners organize their thoughts in writing. It is true that many Chinese EFL advanced learners reach a plateau in the process of acquiring English. However, attention, consciousness, and training of self-monitoring ability will help destabilize their interlanguage system.

Spain is Different Mass Tourism and Gender Idendities in the Sixties

In Spain, the historical context of the sixties was experienced as a particularly changing one. Gone were the post-war years, and with them the autarchy, poverty and famine, characteristics of that time. After a transitory fifties decade, the country entered a prosperous time, which is known as the develompentism sixties--desarrollismo. The franscoism itself promoted this change. Meanwhile, it became a mandatory to guide the population so the fostered modem life did not imply, among other issues, an abandonment of the traditional gender order. Popular cinema played a key role in that objective. Particularly tourism narratives had direct implications on the renewed way to understand gender identities. In this article we will approach two blockbusters, as representative examples of the mainstream films productions, through which analyse how masculinity and femininity were screened and considered.

Measuring Social Capital Linkage： The Role of the State-Based Voluntary Professional Association

This paper discusses the nature of the Australian bus and coach representative environment and the role of the state-based voluntary professional association （SBVPA）. A literature review associated with memberships to which businesses subscribe for representation and linking social capital is presented, as well as a discussion on agency theory that possibly explains the member/association dynamic. The results of an Australia-wide survey of bus operators, which measures the extent of linking social capital between themselves and their SBVPA, are revealed. It is found that one state with consistently higher results may possess a competitive advantage in the form of a partnership agreement with the State Government Authority--an agreement that rests on co-operation and facilitates social capital. This evidence could contribute to the global narrative on how non-profit associations can be a mechanism for institutionalising social capital, sustain a firm＇s operation and encourage governments to increase their use of non-profit associations, as agents of government, to achieve public policy outcomes.

Internationalization in Egypt： Risks and Opportunities

Despite of Egypt is facing a period of political uncertainty, some Italian firms have a great interest in operating business in Egypt. Egypt has bilateral agreements with Italy since 2007. As a result of this relation, Italy has become a strategic partner for Egypt, gaining a growing importance in the Middle East. Egypt is, also, an important trading partner for the Italy. Political and economic relationship between Egypt and Italy has increased the interest in analyzing risks and opportunities for Italian firms that would like to operate in Egypt. However studies focused on this topic are still missing. With the aim to fill this gap, this article presents a study based on face to face interviews to some Egyptian senior-executives who manage in Egypt productive centres and representative offices of Italian finns. These interviews led to evidence opportunities and risks that Italian firms have to face operating business in Egypt.

Does School Enterprise Cooperation Promote Students＇ Occupation Career Planning： On the Inspirational Experience of School-enterprise Cooperation from Developed Countries

This paper systematically introduces the advantages of several developed countries, i.e., in Britain, Germany, the USA and other developed countries. The author mainly discusses some advanced school enterprise cooperation models and in combination with China＇s national conditions, the author examines what we should do and in what ways we should learn from them and improve, in order to facilitate the cooperation education in line with the development of China, thus contributing to the students＇ occupation career planning in vocational colleges. Therefore, this article has certain reference values.