Objective: To explore effective ways of conducting STD/AIDS health education among female commercial sex workers in entertainment establishments and to promote implementation of an 100% condom use programme. Methods: ...Objective: To explore effective ways of conducting STD/AIDS health education among female commercial sex workers in entertainment establishments and to promote implementation of an 100% condom use programme. Methods: In-depth interviews were carried out to collect qualitative information about demographic characteristics, STD/AIDS knowledge, attitude and risk behaviors of female sex workers. Female sex workers were selected by sampling and were given baseline survey and assessment after intervention. Based on the results of the interviews, a questionnaire was developed, and intervention measures were determined. These measures included face-to-face interviewing, counseling, and distribution of STD/AIDS information and condoms. Results: 196 and 182 female sex workers of the same population were interviewed separately before and after intervention. STDs/AIDS knowledge had significantly increased after one year's intervention (P <0.01). Knowledge increased in both the intervention group and the non-intervention group but the increase was more significant among sex workers who received the intervention. Risk behaviors remained at baseline levels in both groups. Conclusion: STD/AIDS health education among female sex workers in entertainment establishments was effective and may benefit society, but the strategies need to be adjusted to the female sex workers' lifestyles, particularly their high rates of mobility and high-risk behaviors.展开更多
The performance and composition of traditional choral music were championed and dominated by women. Unfortunately, the involvement of women in the practice of art music, specifically theory and composition in Ghana ha...The performance and composition of traditional choral music were championed and dominated by women. Unfortunately, the involvement of women in the practice of art music, specifically theory and composition in Ghana has been observed to be absent or very minimal, the cause of which is problematic to identify. This paper examines why women have been passive in the performance and composition of this musical genre, and suggests avenues for improvement in the situation. Fifteen women across various musical genres： Traditional, Art and Popular were interviewed to ascertain this fact. The results will serve as an aid for an improvement of this unfortunate situation in Ghana.展开更多
Lively oldest forms of women art in Central Asia came up to the present day through the traditions of ＂ustoz-shogird＂ （teacher-pupil）. In particular, wall painting, sculptures, and evidence of women＇s work in Ami...Lively oldest forms of women art in Central Asia came up to the present day through the traditions of ＂ustoz-shogird＂ （teacher-pupil）. In particular, wall painting, sculptures, and evidence of women＇s work in Amir Temur, Ulugbek, and Zakhiriddin Muhammad government describe a variety of women＇s roles in art. The women＇s art of Yallachi was also developed in Bukhara, Khorezm, and Kokand khanates time as a unique way. As a result, the Uzbek Yalla genre was established in the art of music. The tradition of Yallachi art continues today. In this context this art is more effective in the light of forms of music展开更多
Background：Research has been conducted linking sports participation and health in childhood and adolescence;however,little is known about the contribution of sport to women＇s health.The purpose of this study was to ...Background：Research has been conducted linking sports participation and health in childhood and adolescence;however,little is known about the contribution of sport to women＇s health.The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sport and women＇s health in the USA by analyzing data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System（BRFSS）.Methods：This study was a secondary data analysis of the 2013 national BRFSS survey.Unlike the BRFSS core component from previous years,in2013,participants were questioned extensively about their physical activity behaviors.Seventy-six different activities were identifie by the participants.Two researchers categorized the 76 activities as sport,conditioning exercise,recreation,or household tasks based on previously identifie categories.Logistic regression was utilized to calculate odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios for chronic diseases based on physical activity category.Results：Women who participated in sport had better health outcomes with significant y lower odds for all chronic diseases except asthma and better general health than women who participated in conditioning exercise,household tasks,or recreation,and many of the significan differences remained after controlling for demographic characteristics.Conclusion：Sport participation was associated with more positive health outcomes among women in the USA compared with the other categories.As a means to improve health of women,the USA could focus on efforts to increase sport participation among women.展开更多
基金Supported by Jiangsu China/WHO 100% Condom Use Programme. Project Identifier:WP/ICPMSU3.5/001/RB/02
文摘Objective: To explore effective ways of conducting STD/AIDS health education among female commercial sex workers in entertainment establishments and to promote implementation of an 100% condom use programme. Methods: In-depth interviews were carried out to collect qualitative information about demographic characteristics, STD/AIDS knowledge, attitude and risk behaviors of female sex workers. Female sex workers were selected by sampling and were given baseline survey and assessment after intervention. Based on the results of the interviews, a questionnaire was developed, and intervention measures were determined. These measures included face-to-face interviewing, counseling, and distribution of STD/AIDS information and condoms. Results: 196 and 182 female sex workers of the same population were interviewed separately before and after intervention. STDs/AIDS knowledge had significantly increased after one year's intervention (P <0.01). Knowledge increased in both the intervention group and the non-intervention group but the increase was more significant among sex workers who received the intervention. Risk behaviors remained at baseline levels in both groups. Conclusion: STD/AIDS health education among female sex workers in entertainment establishments was effective and may benefit society, but the strategies need to be adjusted to the female sex workers' lifestyles, particularly their high rates of mobility and high-risk behaviors.
文摘The performance and composition of traditional choral music were championed and dominated by women. Unfortunately, the involvement of women in the practice of art music, specifically theory and composition in Ghana has been observed to be absent or very minimal, the cause of which is problematic to identify. This paper examines why women have been passive in the performance and composition of this musical genre, and suggests avenues for improvement in the situation. Fifteen women across various musical genres： Traditional, Art and Popular were interviewed to ascertain this fact. The results will serve as an aid for an improvement of this unfortunate situation in Ghana.
文摘Lively oldest forms of women art in Central Asia came up to the present day through the traditions of ＂ustoz-shogird＂ （teacher-pupil）. In particular, wall painting, sculptures, and evidence of women＇s work in Amir Temur, Ulugbek, and Zakhiriddin Muhammad government describe a variety of women＇s roles in art. The women＇s art of Yallachi was also developed in Bukhara, Khorezm, and Kokand khanates time as a unique way. As a result, the Uzbek Yalla genre was established in the art of music. The tradition of Yallachi art continues today. In this context this art is more effective in the light of forms of music
文摘Background：Research has been conducted linking sports participation and health in childhood and adolescence;however,little is known about the contribution of sport to women＇s health.The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sport and women＇s health in the USA by analyzing data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System（BRFSS）.Methods：This study was a secondary data analysis of the 2013 national BRFSS survey.Unlike the BRFSS core component from previous years,in2013,participants were questioned extensively about their physical activity behaviors.Seventy-six different activities were identifie by the participants.Two researchers categorized the 76 activities as sport,conditioning exercise,recreation,or household tasks based on previously identifie categories.Logistic regression was utilized to calculate odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios for chronic diseases based on physical activity category.Results：Women who participated in sport had better health outcomes with significant y lower odds for all chronic diseases except asthma and better general health than women who participated in conditioning exercise,household tasks,or recreation,and many of the significan differences remained after controlling for demographic characteristics.Conclusion：Sport participation was associated with more positive health outcomes among women in the USA compared with the other categories.As a means to improve health of women,the USA could focus on efforts to increase sport participation among women.
